Journal of childhood obesity最新文献

{"title":"The Moving to Action Symposium Series: Engaging the Paradox of Childhood Obesity and Hunger","authors":"Hallion Me, Matthews Tl","doi":"10.36648/2572-5394.4.1.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2572-5394.4.1.69","url":null,"abstract":"Attendees of Convergence of Childhood Obesity and Hunger: Moving to Action oneday symposium at Cabrini University in 2017 included employees from hospitals, higher education, and community organizations. The student attendees were from a variety of majors including biology, business, exercise science, and psychology. The agenda included keynote speakers, participant activities, networking, and an economical and nutritional based menu. A 10-item survey was sent to 118 participants after the event. Follow-up interviews were also executed. Forty-three people completed the survey (response rate of 36.4%). Respondents were highly satisfied with the information shared and the organization of the event. They reported an increase in awareness of trends in childhood obesity and hunger, clarity of strategies to combat the problems and ability to identify community partners.","PeriodicalId":91732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of childhood obesity","volume":"135 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79273381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescents’ Experiences of Participating in a Weight-loss Programme, Linked to Weight Status, Health-related Quality of Life and Self-concept: A Longitudinal Study","authors":"Marianne Eg, F. Kirsten, Marianne, L. Vibeke","doi":"10.36648/2572-5394.4.1.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2572-5394.4.1.67","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the link between adolescents’ experiences of participating in a weight-loss programme and their weight status, Health-Related Quality of Life and selfconcept over 5 years. Design and Method: A qualitative study with a hermeneutic approach, focused on interpreting adolescents’ experiences. Interviews of 10 adolescents in a weight-loss programme, and their parents, three times over 5 years. The interview findings were supported by BMI-SDS (Body Mass Index standard deviation scores) and questionnaires: Health- Related Quality of Life (HRQOL), and self-concept (Beck Youth Inventories, BSCI-Y). Results: Immediately after completion of the weight-loss programme, the 10 adolescents had all lost weight and experienced other effects, e.g. more energy, making friends and discovering commonalities, along with improved physical parameters, experienced HRQOL and self-concept. However, weight loss was difficult to maintain after completion. Some adolescents who had regained weight 1 year after completion reported lower perceived HRQOL and self-concept and also left the study. Conclusion: Weight loss can be achieved during a treatment programme for overweight adolescents, bringing lower BMI and also potential psycho-social benefits. Focus on weight loss alone may involve overlooking other positive sideeffects of the treatment. There are also overlooked negative effects: Not all participants maintained weight loss, and for regainers, some HRQOL and self-concept scores deteriorated, compared to their situation pre-programme. These negative effects are not described in other studies. Practice Implications: We encourage enhanced professional support for drop-outs and regainers, and we recommend ongoing, open-ended programmes to better retain and support adolescents and their families. Our findings indicate this would improve intervention outcomes for the entire group.","PeriodicalId":91732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of childhood obesity","volume":"595 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83404350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of the Oral Microbiota with Obesity and Menarche in Inner City Girls.","authors":"N. Mervish, Jianzhong Hu, Loy A. Hagan, M. Arora, Catalina Frau, Julee Choi, A. Attaie, Mairaj K. Ahmed, S. Teitelbaum, M. Wolff","doi":"10.21767/2572-5394.100068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2572-5394.100068","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Alterations of the oral microbiome have been associated with obesity, possibly based on inflammatory processes mediated by bacteria. Specific bacterial strains have been associated with obesity and periodontal disease. Little is known about the oral microbiome in children. Understanding the relationship between oral health and childhood growth could help identify preventable factors contributing to obesity and related conditions, including onset of menarche which is associated with obesity. Methods In this pilot study, we investigated the saliva microbiome among 25 girls 7-15 years old (mean 11.1) and their mothers in an inner city dental clinic in New York City. The main outcome measures were body size, presence or absence of menarche and dental practices. We examined associations of microbiome richness, diversity, and relative abundance with pubertal and demographic factors and oral health. Results Girls had good dental health and a typical rich oral microbiome, based on the Shannon Index of all species detected. Older girls flossed more often and younger girls had more frequent dental check-ups. Microbiome richness among girls was similar to their mothers', but diversity was greater among mothers than girls. Richness was reduced among mothers with gum bleeding, flossing and increased teeth brushing. Overweight girls had greater diversity and less richness than normal weight girls. Certain bacterial species differed in abundance with respect to whether girls had reached menarche (Flavobacteria, Actinobacteria), overweight (Megasphaera, Lactorbacillales, Lactobacillus) and gingivitis in the girls (Scardovia, Bifidobacteriales, Gemellaceae). Conclusions Differences found in specific bacteria in the oral microbiome were related to body size and menarche. With increasing interest on studying microbiome variability related to the multifactorial etiology of obesity in children, saliva is capable of providing clinically informative markers of this and related conditions.","PeriodicalId":91732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of childhood obesity","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75757105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental Perceptions of Childhood Obesity: Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Sadeg Aldolaim","doi":"10.36648/2572-5394.4.1.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36648/2572-5394.4.1.70","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This review investigated the parental perceptions of their child's obesity including theoretical perspectives that have been used to explore and understand the phenomenon. Design: Integrative review of empirical and theoretical literature. Methods: The CINAHL, PsychINFO, and SocINDEX databases were used to conduct a literature search of the terms “parental perception and childhood obesity”. Search requirements were indicated full text academic journals with a timeline of 2000-2013. Both quantitative and qualitative articles that focused on participant perceptions were viewed. Among the 127 articles, there was only one that defined the term “parental perception of childhood obesity” and another article defined the term “parental perception”. A possible clarification for why none of the articles clearly defined “perception” may be an underlying assumption that the reader simply understood the term. Results: The results of these studies indicate that a large percentage of parents do not perceive their children to be overweight or obese. Parental beliefs regarding childhood obesity, parental weight status, and parental educational level may influence parents’ perceptions of their children’s weight. Moreover, from the synthesis of the literature, the father’s role has been underrepresented in child health research. Conclusion: Future research is required to validate the conceptual deA¯Â¬Ânition of parental perception and encourage father involvement in childcare. Such research will enable nurses to assist parents to improve the health outcomes for their children by developing effective strategies to manage and prevent childhood obesity.","PeriodicalId":91732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of childhood obesity","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74192366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary Cortisol Does Not Correlate with Metabolic Syndrome Markers or Subjective Stress in Overweight Children.","authors":"Robert B Strait, Marcia J Slattery, Aaron L Carrel, Jens Eickhoff, David B Allen","doi":"10.21767/2572-5394.100048","DOIUrl":"10.21767/2572-5394.100048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Being overweight is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in children, but not all overweight children develop metabolic syndrome. Cortisol excess from chronic psychological stress has been proposed as an independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome in this already at-risk population. The present study assesses the relationship of biochemical and body composition radiographic markers of metabolic syndrome to salivary cortisol and self-report of chronic psychological stress in a cohort of overweight children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study took place in a multi-disciplinary pediatric obesity clinic at a tertiary care hospital, and involved fifteen children with BMI at or above the 85^th percentile for age and sex, 10 of whom provided salivary cortisol samples. The main outcomes measured were salivary bedtime cortisol, first-waking cortisol, and cortisol awakening response (CAR-the rise in cortisol in the first half hour after waking); fasting serum triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, glucose and insulin for HOMA-IR; the ratio of abdominal fat to total body fat by DXA scan; and scores of validated stress and bullying questionnaires (PANAS-C, PSS, and SEC-Q).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this pilot study, no correlation was found between salivary cortisol measures and questionnaire scores of subjective stress or bullying, and no correlation was found between any of these measures and markers of metabolic syndrome (dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, increased abdominal fat).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that measures of psychological stress, whether biochemical or subjective, do not appear to predict risk of metabolic syndrome in overweight children. While ease of collection and demonstrated utility both in detection of pediatric Cushing disease and in adult psychological research make salivary cortisol assessment an attractive clinical tool, further investigation into the value of salivary measures in pediatric stress research is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":91732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of childhood obesity","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6037313/pdf/nihms963089.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36306494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep Duration, Sedentary Behaviors, and Physical Activity across Weight Status in Hispanic Toddlers’ Participants of the WIC Program","authors":"J. Molina, Kiara Amaro, C. Pérez, C. Palacios","doi":"10.21767/2572-5394.100017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2572-5394.100017","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To describe physical activity, sedentary behaviors and sleep duration in toddlers’ participants of the WIC program in Puerto Rico and assess its association with excessive weight. Methods This was a cross-sectional analysis of data gathered in the follow-up visit (12 months later) of a longitudinal study among toddlers 12–36 months old participants of the WIC program. In this follow-up visit, a Sleep, Sedentary Behaviors and Physical Activity Questionnaire was included. Results From the 213 eligible participants for the follow-up visit, 76 completed the follow-up visit. Most were girls (52.6%), with median age 21 months and most were categorized as healthy weight (76.3%). In general, toddlers spent a total median of 142 min/d in sedentary behaviors, 300 min/d in physical activities and 690 min/d sleeping. There was a higher duration of physical activities among overweight/obese compared to healthy weights (p<0.05) but similar duration of sedentary behaviors and sleep by weight status (p>0.05). There was a greater proportion of overweight/obese toddlers meeting the screen time recommendation (88.9%) compared to healthy weight toddlers (62.1%; p<0.05). Also, there was a significant positive age-adjusted correlation between time spent in unstructured physical activity (R=0.23, p<0.05) with weight-for-length z-score. Infant weight status was not significantly correlated to parent’s perception or knowledge of physical activity or sleep in toddlers (p>0.05). Conclusion Most toddlers studied met the recommendations for duration of sleep, sedentary behaviors, and physical activity. Overweight/obese toddlers engage in more physical activities than those with a healthy weight status. These findings could be due to educational interventions by the WIC program to promote physical activities, as these toddlers are active WIC participants.","PeriodicalId":91732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of childhood obesity","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78048474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Curtailed Juvenile State on Cardiac Structure and Function in Adulthood: The Fels Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Nak-Kyeong Kim,&nbsp;Roy T Sabo,&nbsp;Aobo Wang,&nbsp;Cynthia S Sabo,&nbsp;Shumei S Sun","doi":"10.21767/2572-5394.100018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2572-5394.100018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Previous studies have shown associations between body mass index and cardiac structure in both childhood and adulthood. Using Fels Longitudinal Study measurements, we investigate the relationships between a curtailed juvenile state and both adult cardiac structure and function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A linear mixed-effect repeated measure analysis of variance model is used to test if there is a relationship between juvenile state and each echocardiographic measurement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The curtailed juvenile state is significantly associated with adult left ventricular mass index for both males and females. It is also significantly associated with the interventricular septal wall thickness index and relative wall thickness index for females. In both cases, early juvenile states led to more abnormal structural estimates in adulthood than did late juvenile states. Among cardiac function measurements such as left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular shortening fraction, left ventricular ejection fraction is significantly associated with the juvenile state for females.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The curtailed juvenile state at the childhood may have a long-term adverse effect on adult cardiac structure and function abnormalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":91732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of childhood obesity","volume":"1 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21767/2572-5394.100018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38011932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Cost, Scalable Classroom-Based Approach to Promoting Physical Activity in Preschool Children.","authors":"Shelly K McCrady-Spitzer,&nbsp;Vanessa Sagdalen,&nbsp;Chinmay U Manohar,&nbsp;James A Levine","doi":"10.21767/2572-5394.10008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21767/2572-5394.10008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study examined the impact of short activity breaks in preschool children. The hypotheses were that preschool children receiving three five-minute activity breaks per day would increase (a) school time physical activity and (b) education scores compared to a control group not receiving the intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For 8 weeks, the Intervention Group (n = 13) incorporated three 5-minute activity breaks into their classroom time while the Control Group (n = 12) did not incorporate the activity breaks. Physical activity was measured using a triaxial accelerometer. Education was assessed using standardized methods.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>After 8 weeks, the preschool children in the Intervention Group increased their school time physical activity from 11,641 ± (SD) 1,368 Acceleration Units (AU)/ hour to 16,058 ± 2,253 AU/hour (P < 0.001). The children in the control group did not increase their physical activity (11,379 ± 2,427 cf 11,624 ± 2,441; ns). Students in the Intervention Group improved their education scores more than students in the control group (18 ± 12 cf 8 ± 7 points, P = 0.01); Letter Recognition improved in particular (9 ± 6 cf 2 ± 4 points, P = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The incorporation of three 5-minute activity breaks was associated with increased school time physical activity and improved learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":91732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of childhood obesity","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5603259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35377864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Assessments Help Elucidate Sustained Improvements in Fitness and Metabolic Health in Obese Children.","authors":"Cassandra M Vanderwall, R Randall Clark, Jens C Eickhoff, Aaron L Carrel","doi":"10.21767/2572-5394.100020","DOIUrl":"10.21767/2572-5394.100020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Treatment of childhood obesity is a medical challenge and limited data are available describing successful long term interventions. This study presents a multi-disciplinary intervention that resulted in sustained physiological improvement over a one-year period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The criterion outcome variables include cardiovascular fitness (CVF) measured by a population-specific treadmill test to predict maximal oxygen uptake (predicted VO₂ max) and the body composition (BC) variables of fat mass, non-bone lean mass and percent body fat from whole body dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. Subjects were overweight and obese children (N=79) evaluated at baseline, 6 and 12 months at a University Hospital-based pediatric fitness clinic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistically significant improvements in non-bone lean body mass (+4.24 kg ± 5.0, p<0.0001) and predicted VO₂ max (+0.14L/min ± 0.10, p<0.0001) were seen at 6 months. These significant improvements were sustained over 12 months: body fat percentage (-2.28 ± 3.49, p<0.0001), lean mass (+6.0 kg ± 4.0, p<0.0001) and predicted VO₂ max (+0.22 L/min ± 0.19, p<0.0001). These results were observed despite increases in weight and body mass index (BMI) at 6-months (weight: +6.6 kg ± 6.93, p<0.0001; BMI: +0.37 ± 1.21, p=0.47) and 12-months (weight: +6.3 kg ± 5.8, p<0.0001; BMI: +0.91 ± 2.06, p=0.0002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results reflect the sustained effect of a multidisciplinary approach, and the value of using valid and reliable assessment methods to measure sustained physiological changes in a sample of 79 overweight and obese children.</p>","PeriodicalId":91732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of childhood obesity","volume":"1 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5927628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36065107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}