Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science最新文献

Emerging Antimicrobial Research against Superbugs: Perspectives from a Polymer Laboratory. 针对超级细菌的新兴抗菌研究：来自聚合物实验室的观点。

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Mitra S Ganewatta, Md Anisur Rahman, Chuanbing Tang

引用次数: 0

Optimizing Sperm Collection Procedures in Zebrafish. 优化斑马鱼精子采集程序。

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Madelyn B Wasden, Rachel L Roberts, April DeLaurier

{"title":"Optimizing Sperm Collection Procedures in Zebrafish.","authors":"Madelyn B Wasden, Rachel L Roberts, April DeLaurier","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Zebrafish are a highly-valued model organism used for developmental biology research. Zebrafish can be used for genetic manipulation and hence, many mutant and transgenic lines exist. It is impractical to maintain lines of adult zebrafish, due to resource constraints and the need to continuously produce new generations. Therefore, a practical way to preserve zebrafish lines is to freeze sperm and retrieve lines using in vitro fertilization of fresh eggs. Most existing in vitro protocols used by research labs have a wide variety of fertilization rates (ranging from 0% to >90%). Due to this variability, lines may be at risk of not being regenerated, and may be permanently lost. For this project, aspects of existing published sperm collection protocols were tested and modified, with the goal of improving the proportion of males giving quality ejaculate. Males were tested for production of ejaculate by housing fish either in groups or in separate, individual tanks the night before sperm collection. The effect of age of male zebrafish and genetic background (5D and AB lines) on production of quality ejaculate was also tested. Isolating males before sperm collection significantly increased the proportion of individuals producing quality ejaculate. The proportion of fish that gave quality ejaculate samples did not co-vary with age between 17-68 weeks. Overall, AB fish were significantly more likely to give quality ejaculate samples compared to 5D fish. Based on this study, we strongly recommend separating male fish before sperm collection to improve the likelihood of obtaining samples. Our results indicate that AB fish give proportionately better samples than 5D fish, and this does not vary with age between 17-68 weeks.","PeriodicalId":91564,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6018004/pdf/nihms967740.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36263742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reactive oxygen species-mediated neurodegeneration is independent of the ryanodine receptor in Caernorhabditis elegans. 在秀丽隐杆线虫中，活性氧介导的神经退行性变不依赖于ryanodine受体。

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Lyndsay Ea Young, Daniel C Williams

{"title":"Reactive oxygen species-mediated neurodegeneration is independent of the ryanodine receptor in Caernorhabditis elegans.","authors":"Lyndsay Ea Young, Daniel C Williams","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the significant impacts on human health caused by neurodegeneration, our understanding of the degeneration process is incomplete. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is emerging as a genetic model organism well suited for identification of conserved cellular mechanisms and molecular pathways of neurodegeneration. Studies in the worm have identified factors that contribute to neurodegeneration, including excitotoxicity and stress due to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Disruption of the gene unc-68, which encodes the ryanodine receptor, abolishes excitotoxic cell death, indicating a role for calcium (Ca2+) signaling in neurodegeneration. We tested the requirement for unc-68 in ROS-mediated neurodegeneration using the genetically encoded photosensitizer KillerRed. Upon illumination of KillerRed expressing animals to produce ROS, we observed similar levels of degeneration in wild-type and unc-68 mutant strains. Our results indicate that ROS-mediated cell death is independent of unc-68 and suggest multiple molecular pathways of neurodegeneration.","PeriodicalId":91564,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science","volume":"13 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4987101/pdf/nihms773335.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34320107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glamor- or How We Achieved a Common Understanding on the Decrease of Glass Dissolution Kinetics Through International Cooperation 魅力——如何通过国际合作在降低玻璃溶解动力学上达成共识

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science Pub Date : 2009-09-21 DOI: 10.1002/9780470538371.CH12

P. Iseghem, Marc Aerstens, S. Gin, B. Grambow, D. Strachan, B. McGrail, G. Wicks, T. Mcmenamin

{"title":"Glamor- or How We Achieved a Common Understanding on the Decrease of Glass Dissolution Kinetics Through International Cooperation","authors":"P. Iseghem, Marc Aerstens, S. Gin, B. Grambow, D. Strachan, B. McGrail, G. Wicks, T. Mcmenamin","doi":"10.1002/9780470538371.CH12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470538371.CH12","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the EC funded GLAMOR project was to achieve a common understanding of the processes that control the decrease of the dissolution rate of high-level waste glass in water when silica becomes saturated. Is affinity control or a protective layer dominating? The following steps were taken: (1) review of the literature, (2) selection ofselect an experimental dataset, and selection of the models r(t) and GM2003, and (3) application apply by the GLAMOR partners of the models to the datasets. The main focus has beenwas on dissolution tests in pure water at different values of surface-to-volume and pH. Some of the main conclusions were: (1) both affinity and protective layer concepts must be considered in the interpretation of the rate decreasing stage, (2) the residual dissolution rate observed beyond the silica saturation stage is far more important in view of the long-term performance of the glass, and deserves more attention in future R&D. In the GLAMOR final report, we also discussed in detail the modeling parameters, such as the silica saturation concentration, the silica diffusion coefficient, the silica retention factor in the reaction layer, and the water diffusion coefficient.","PeriodicalId":91564,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science","volume":"23 3","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50658711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 38