Annals of translational medicine & epidemiology最新文献

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Medicine Student towards Novel Corona Virus (COVID-19) 医学生对新型冠状病毒(COVID-19)的知识、态度和实践

Annals of translational medicine & epidemiology Pub Date : 2021-07-02 DOI: 10.26420/anntranslmedepidemiol.2021.1017

D. Waggas, Hasan Aa, Professors in Psychiatric

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Medicine Student towards Novel Corona Virus (COVID-19)","authors":"D. Waggas, Hasan Aa, Professors in Psychiatric","doi":"10.26420/anntranslmedepidemiol.2021.1017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/anntranslmedepidemiol.2021.1017","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The emerging respiratory disease is caused by the novel type of corona virus which is named as COVID-19. This respiratory illness has received internal attention and it is categorized as highly threaten disease in the US by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The purpose of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of undergraduate medical students towards COVID-19. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional design was used to assess knowledge, practice and attitudes of 255 undergraduate medical students towards COVID-19. Study participants were recruited from the Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences between April and August 2020. Results: The results of study participants showed that undergraduate medical students had moderate knowledge towards COVID-19 (Mean=20.54, SD ± 4.67). Also, participants had high level of knowledge regarding nature of diseases and precautionary measures by health care providers dimensions. However, they expressed limited knowledge towards mode of transmission. Moreover, study participants demonstrated an optimistic attitude toward disease as the average 43.78 and good practice towards COVID-19 (average 18.67). Conclusions: The study results revealed that study participants demonstrated good knowledge with favorable and accepted practice. This study suggests the importance of emphasis on infectious disease in medical curriculum.","PeriodicalId":90436,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine & epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85366339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Literature Review of Sebaceous and Non-Sebaceous Lymphadenoma 皮脂腺和非皮脂腺淋巴结瘤的文献综述

Annals of translational medicine & epidemiology Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.26420/anntranslmedepidemiol.2021.1016

Liang S, Zheng Y, Shen Z, L. L., G. Q, W. W, Xue W, Zhao J

{"title":"Literature Review of Sebaceous and Non-Sebaceous Lymphadenoma","authors":"Liang S, Zheng Y, Shen Z, L. L., G. Q, W. W, Xue W, Zhao J","doi":"10.26420/anntranslmedepidemiol.2021.1016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/anntranslmedepidemiol.2021.1016","url":null,"abstract":"Lymphadenoma of the salivary gland is a rare form of tumor that can be branched into Sebaceous Lymphadenoma (SLA) and Non-Sebaceous Lymphadenoma (NSLA). It is painless, hyperdense, shiny yellowish/brownish unicystic or multicystic mass which is encapsulated and well defined having lymphocytic and/or lymphoid follicles background present with or without sebaceous differentiation. Both SLA and NSLA are predominantly located in parotids with occasional case appearing in minor salivary glands and has <100 and <50 reported cases respectively in English literature. We have attempted to compile reported case studies on SLA and NSLA and tried to make analysis on the basis of findings. Our analysis revealed that both SLA and NSLA are often non-malignant in nature but feature of malignancy cannot be completely ruled out. Data also found that SLA and NSLA has a significant gender bias towards males but NSLA is more likely to appear at an early age as compared to SLA which often emerge after the 5th decade of life. Further, differential diagnosis should be considered to distinguish SLA and NSLA from Warthin’s tumor, pleomorphic adenoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, cystadenoma, lymphoepithelial cysts, myoepithelial sialadenitis, malignant lymphoma and metastatic adenocarcinoma of lymph node. This review discusses various techniques used in the past studies that can be helpful in making differential diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":90436,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine & epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86560456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intervention Approaches for Addressing Breast Cancer Disparities among African American Women. 解决非裔美国妇女乳腺癌差异的干预方法。

Annals of translational medicine & epidemiology Pub Date : 2014-09-08

Steven S Coughlin

{"title":"Intervention Approaches for Addressing Breast Cancer Disparities among African American Women.","authors":"Steven S Coughlin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"African American women in the U.S. have a higher mortality rate from breast cancer than white women. Black-white differences in survival persist even after accounting for disease stage and tumor characteristics suggesting that the higher rates of breast cancer mortality are due to social factors. Several factors may account for racial differences in breast cancer mortality including socioeconomic factors, access to screening mammography and timely treatment, and biological factors. Efforts to prevent deaths from breast cancer and to address breast cancer disparities have focused on early detection through routine mammography and timely referral for treatment. There is a need for culturally appropriate, tailored health messages for African American women to increase their knowledge and awareness of health behaviors for the early detection of breast cancer. Several promising intervention approaches are reviewed in this article including: 1) the use of cell phone text messaging and smart phone apps to increase breast cancer screening; 2) the use of radio stations that target African American audiences (\"black radio\") for health promotion activities; and 3) church-based behavioral interventions to promote breast cancer screening among African American women.","PeriodicalId":90436,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine & epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4283773/pdf/nihms-628253.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32958513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Statins and Finasteride Use Differentially Modify the Impact of Metformin on Prostate Cancer Incidence in Men with Type 2 Diabetes. 他汀类药物和非那雄胺使用差异改变二甲双胍对2型糖尿病男性前列腺癌发病率的影响

Annals of translational medicine & epidemiology Pub Date : 2014-01-01

Wang Chen-Pin, Hernandez Javier, Carlos Lorenzo, John R Downs, Ian M Thompson, Bradley Pollock, Donna Lehman

{"title":"Statins and Finasteride Use Differentially Modify the Impact of Metformin on Prostate Cancer Incidence in Men with Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Wang Chen-Pin, Hernandez Javier, Carlos Lorenzo, John R Downs, Ian M Thompson, Bradley Pollock, Donna Lehman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Metformin has shown promise for cancer prevention. Prior studies suggested that metformin might interact potential prostate cancer (PCa) prevention agents: finasteride and statins. This study assessed if concurrent use of statins or finasteride modified the long-term impact of metformin on PCa risk in men with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).Materials and methods: The study cohort consisted of 71,999 men with T2DM seen in the Veteran Administration Health Care System, without prior cancer or liver diseases, nor prescription of thiazolidinediones or insulin between FY2003-FY2013. Cox proportional hazard analyses (adjusting for covariates and propensity scores of metformin use) were conducted to compare the hazard ratio (HR) of PCa associated with metformin use between statins or finasteride users and none users.Results: Mean follow-up was 6.4±2.8 years; 5.2% (N= 3,756) of the cohort subsequently received a PCa diagnosis. Both statins and finasteride significantly modified the impact of metformin on PCa incidence (p-value<0.001): HR's of PCa associated with metformin use were 0.89 (p-value=0.02) among non-statin/non-finasteride users, 0.73 (p-value<0.001) among statin users, and 1.42 (p-value<0.001) among finasteride users.Conclusion: Metformin was associated with reduced PCa risk in men with T2DM. This impact was enhanced by statins but reversed by finasteride. Metformin, statins, and finasteride are potential PCa prevention agents. The interaction of these drugs on PCa risk needs further confirmation in other cohorts. Our finding of differential impacts of metformin, statins, and finasteride (alone or in combination) on PCa risk is informative for treatment management in men at risk for PCa and T2DM.","PeriodicalId":90436,"journal":{"name":"Annals of translational medicine & epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4300536/pdf/nihms649129.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33003098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0