Raju Sunagar, Sudeep Kumar, Brian J Franz, Edmund J Gosselin
{"title":"Tularemia vaccine development: paralysis or progress?","authors":"Raju Sunagar, Sudeep Kumar, Brian J Franz, Edmund J Gosselin","doi":"10.2147/VDT.S85545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/VDT.S85545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Francisella tularensis</i> (<i>Ft</i>) is a gram-negative intercellular pathogen and category A biothreat agent. However, despite 15 years of strong government investment and intense research focused on the development of a US Food and Drug Administration-approved vaccine against <i>Ft</i>, the primary goal remains elusive. This article reviews research efforts focused on developing an <i>Ft</i> vaccine, as well as a number of important factors, some only recently recognized as such, which can significantly impact the development and evaluation of <i>Ft</i> vaccine efficacy. Finally, an assessment is provided as to whether a US Food and Drug Administration-approved <i>Ft</i> vaccine is likely to be forthcoming and the potential means by which this might be achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":90078,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"6 ","pages":"9-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/VDT.S85545","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34500087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The utility of human challenge studies in vaccine development: lessons learned from cholera.","authors":"Debbie-Ann T Shirley, Monica A McArthur","doi":"10.2147/VDT.S23634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/VDT.S23634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Experiments in which virulent infectious organisms are administered to healthy adult volunteers with the intent to deliberately induce infection have been practiced for centuries. Many useful applications have developed from these experiments such as the provision of evidence of microbial pathogenicity and the identification of key virulence factors. Challenge studies have also played an important role in the evaluation of preliminary efficacy of potential vaccine candidates. Over the past 40 years, these experimental human challenge studies have found particular utility with regards to the development of both living and nonliving attenuated cholera vaccines. This review highlights some of the important contributions made by these challenge studies to cholera vaccine research.</p>","PeriodicalId":90078,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"2011 1","pages":"3-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/VDT.S23634","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32079649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}