Journal of virology & antiviral research最新文献

Cathepsin B plays a key role in optimal production of the influenza A virus. 组织蛋白酶B在甲型流感病毒的最佳生产中起着关键作用。

Journal of virology & antiviral research Pub Date : 2018-04-01 Epub Date: 2018-05-11 DOI: 10.4172/2324-8955.1000178

Macon D Coleman, Soon-Duck Ha, S M Mansour Haeryfar, Stephen Dominic Barr, Sung Ouk Kim

{"title":"Cathepsin B plays a key role in optimal production of the influenza A virus.","authors":"Macon D Coleman, Soon-Duck Ha, S M Mansour Haeryfar, Stephen Dominic Barr, Sung Ouk Kim","doi":"10.4172/2324-8955.1000178","DOIUrl":"10.4172/2324-8955.1000178","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Influenza A virus (IAV) is the etiologic agent of the febrile respiratory illness, commonly referred to as 'flu'. The lysosomal protease cathepsin B (CTSB) has shown to be involved in the lifecycle of various viruses. Here, we examined the role of CTSB in the IAV lifecycle.Methods: CTSB-deficient (CTSB-/-) macrophages and the human lung epithelial cell line A549 cells treated with CA-074Me were infected with the A/Puerto Rico/8/34 strain of IAV (IAV-PR8). Viral entry and propagation were measured through quantitative real-time RT-PCR; production and localization of hemagglutinin (HA) protein in the infected host cells were analysed by Western blots, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy; production of progeny viruses were measured by a hemagglutination assay.Results: CTSB-/- macrophages and CA-074Me-treated A549 cells had no defects in incorporating IAV-PR8 virions and permitting viral RNA synthesis. However, these cells produced significantly lower amounts of HA protein and progeny virions than wild-type or untreated cells.Conclusion: These data indicate that CTSB is involved in the expression of IAV-PR8 HA protein and subsequent optimal production of IAV-PR8 progeny virions. Targeting CTSB can be a novel therapeutic strategy for treating IAV infection.","PeriodicalId":90004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of virology & antiviral research","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5770218/pdf/nihms6993.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35750444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HIV gp120 sequence variability associated with HAND in Hispanic Women. 西班牙女性中与HAND相关的HIV gp120序列变异

Journal of virology & antiviral research Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-10-06 DOI: 10.4172/2324-8955.1000143

Krystal Colón, Fabián Vázquez-Santiago, Vanessa Rivera-Amill, Gisela Delgado, Steven E Massey, Valerie Wojna, Richard J Noel, Loyda M Meléndez

{"title":"HIV gp120 sequence variability associated with HAND in Hispanic Women.","authors":"Krystal Colón, Fabián Vázquez-Santiago, Vanessa Rivera-Amill, Gisela Delgado, Steven E Massey, Valerie Wojna, Richard J Noel, Loyda M Meléndez","doi":"10.4172/2324-8955.1000143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8955.1000143","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: HIV-1 variants with different tropisms are associated with various neuropathologies. This study intends to determine if this correlation is determined by unique viral env sequences. We hypothesize that HIV-1 envelope gene sequence changes are associated with cognition status.Methods: Viral RNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) co-cultures derived from HIV-1 infected Hispanic women that had been characterized for HIV associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND).Results: Analyses of the C2V4 region of HIV gp120 demonstrated that increased sequence diversity correlates with cognition status as sequences derived from subjects with normal cognition exhibited less diversity than sequences derived from subjects with cognitive impairment. In addition, differences in V3 and V4 loop charges were also noted as well as differences in the N-glycosylation of the V4 region.Conclusions: Our data suggest that the genetic signature within the C2V4 region may contribute to the pathogenesis of HAND. HIV env sequence characteristics for the isolates grouped in milder forms of HAND can provide insightful information of prognostic value to assess neurocognitive status in HIV+ subjects, particularly during the era of highly prevalent milder forms of HAND.","PeriodicalId":90004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of virology & antiviral research","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4922650/pdf/nihms789866.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34525918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Longitudinal Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma HIV-1 Envelope Sequences Isolated From a Single Donor with HIV Asymptomatic Neurocognitive Impairment. 单个HIV无症状性神经认知障碍供体分离的脑脊液和血浆HIV-1包膜序列的纵向分析

Journal of virology & antiviral research Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.4172/2324-8955.1000135

Fabián Vázquez-Santiago, Yashira García, Ivelisse Rivera-Román, Richard J Noel, Valerie Wojna, Loyda M Meléndez, Vanessa Rivera-Amill

{"title":"Longitudinal Analysis of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma HIV-1 Envelope Sequences Isolated From a Single Donor with HIV Asymptomatic Neurocognitive Impairment.","authors":"Fabián Vázquez-Santiago, Yashira García, Ivelisse Rivera-Román, Richard J Noel, Valerie Wojna, Loyda M Meléndez, Vanessa Rivera-Amill","doi":"10.4172/2324-8955.1000135","DOIUrl":"10.4172/2324-8955.1000135","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Combined antiretroviral treatment (cART) has changed the clinical presentation of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) to that of the milder forms of the disease. Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (ANI) is now more prevalent and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality risk in HIV-1-infected people. HIV-1 envelope (env) genetic heterogeneity has been detected within the central nervous system (CNS) of individuals with ANI. Changes within env determine co-receptor use, cellular tropism, and neuropathogenesis. We hypothesize that compartmental changes are associated with HIV-1 env C2V4 during ANI and sought to analyze paired HIV-1 env sequences from plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a female subject undergoing long-term cART.Methods: Paired plasma and CSF samples were collected at 12-month intervals and HIV-1 env C2V4 was cloned and sequenced.Results: Phylogenetic analysis of paired samples consistently showed genetic variants unique to the CSF. Phenotypic prediction showed CCR5 (R5) variants for all CSF-derived sequences and showed minor X4 variants (or dual-tropic) in the plasma at later time points. Viral compartmentalization was evident throughout the study, suggesting that the occurrence of distinctive env strains may contribute to the neuropathogenesis of HAND.Conclusions: Our study provides new insights about the genetic characteristics within the C2V4 of HIV-1 env that persist after long-term cART and during the course of persistent ANI.","PeriodicalId":90004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of virology & antiviral research","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4498488/pdf/nihms692834.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34002506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vitamin D Metabolites Inhibit Hepatitis C Virus and Modulate Cellular Gene Expression. 维生素D代谢物抑制丙型肝炎病毒和调节细胞基因表达。

Journal of virology & antiviral research Pub Date : 2014-10-06 DOI: 10.4172/2324-8955.1000129

J. Gutierrez, Krysten A Jones, Roxana Flores, A. Singhania, C. Woelk, R. Schooley, D. Wyles

{"title":"Vitamin D Metabolites Inhibit Hepatitis C Virus and Modulate Cellular Gene Expression.","authors":"J. Gutierrez, Krysten A Jones, Roxana Flores, A. Singhania, C. Woelk, R. Schooley, D. Wyles","doi":"10.4172/2324-8955.1000129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-8955.1000129","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND AND AIMS\u0000Previous studies suggest that low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] levels are associated with reduced responsiveness to interferon and ribavirin therapy. We investigated the impact of vitamin D metabolites on HCV and cellular gene expression in cultured hepatoma cells.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000HCV Replicon cell lines stably expressing luciferase reporter constructs (genotype 1b and 2a replicon) or JC1-Luc2a were incubated in the presence of vitamin D2, vitamin D3 or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3). Presence of HCV was quantified by a luciferase reporter assay and immunoblot of the Core protein. Synergy of interferon-alpha A/D (IFN-α) and 1,25(OH)2D3 was evaluated using the Chou-Talalay method. Cellular gene expression by microarray analysis using Illumina Bead Chips and real-time quantitative PCR.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Vitamin D2, D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 each demonstrated anti-HCV activity at low micro molar concentrations. In vitro conversion from D3 to 25(OH)D3 was shown by LC/MS/MS. Combination indices of 1,25(OH)2D3 and IFN-α demonstrated a synergistic effect (0.23-0.46) and significantly reduced core expression by immunoblot. Differentially expressed genes were identified between Huh7.5.1 cells in the presence and absence of 1,25(OH)2D3 and HCV. Genes involved with classical effects of vitamin D metabolism and excretion were activated, along with genes linked to autophagy such as G-protein coupled receptor 37 (GPR37) and Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1a). Additionally, additive effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and IFN-α were seen on mRNA expression of chemokine motif ligand 20 (CCL20).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000This study shows that vitamin D reduces HCV protein production in cell culture synergistically with IFN-α. Vitamin D also activates gene expression independently and additively with IFN-α and this may explain its ability to aid in the clearance of HCV in vivo.","PeriodicalId":90004,"journal":{"name":"Journal of virology & antiviral research","volume":"3 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70248123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Role of Coatomer Protein I in Virus Replication. 涂层蛋白I在病毒复制中的作用。

Journal of virology & antiviral research Pub Date : 2012-10-30 DOI: 10.4172/2324-8955.1000102

Jennifer A Thompson, Jay C Brown

引用次数: 10