Journal of the Urban and Regional Information Systems Association最新文献

{"title":"Crowdsourcing Bicycle Volumes: Exploring the role of volunteered geographic information and established monitoring methods","authors":"Greg P. Griffin, J. Jiao","doi":"10.31235/osf.io/e3hbc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/e3hbc","url":null,"abstract":"The recent interest in performance measures and new bicycle infrastructure development has triggered rapid advancements in monitoring methods for active transportation, but comprehensive monitoring programs for the bicycle mode are far from ubiquitous. This study evaluates the use of GPS survey data and a new crowdsourced volume dataset that may offer promise to extend the reach of limited counting programs. The authors integrated count data from 5 separate trail locations in Austin, Texas, with a previous survey using the CycleTracks smartphone app, and a new data product derived from a larger-scale use of the Strava fitness app. New crowdsourced methods offer prospect to expand the relative time and geography of bicycle traffic monitoring, but do not currently offer many other attributes about trips obtainable from other methods. Further studies involving the combination of high-accuracy monitoring points with crowdsourced datasets may improve the efficiency of monitoring programs over large areas.","PeriodicalId":89820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Urban and Regional Information Systems Association","volume":"80 1","pages":"57-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69652143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Qualitative Framework for Evaluating Participation on the Geoweb","authors":"B. B. Walker, C. Rinner","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14636625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32920/ryerson.14636625","url":null,"abstract":"The participatory Geoweb emerges from the synthesis of map-based online applications and Web 2.0 concepts such as user-generated content, enhanced interactivity, and cloud computing. The result is a wide range of tools and projects using these tools to communicate, collaborate, deliberate, and inform spatial decision making. This article draws upon the literature in participatory geographic information systems to propose the “3E Framework,” which provides both a structured conceptual model and a practical tool for the evaluation of projects on the participatory Geoweb. The framework deconstructs participation on the Geoweb into the provider and public realms and represents the engagement, empowerment, and enactment processes. It includes 20 evaluation questions that are derived from themes in the literature.","PeriodicalId":89820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Urban and Regional Information Systems Association","volume":"25 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69468601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building the School Attendance Boundary Information System (SABINS): Collecting, Processing, and Modeling K to 12 Educational Geography.","authors":"Salvatore Saporito,&nbsp;David Van Riper,&nbsp;Ashwini Wakchaure","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The School Attendance Boundary Information System is a social science data infrastructure project that assembles, processes, and distributes spatial data delineating K through 12^th grade school attendance boundaries for thousands of school districts in U.S. Although geography is a fundamental organizing feature of K to 12 education, until now school attendance boundary data have not been made readily available on a massive basis and in an easy-to-use format. The School Attendance Boundary Information System removes these barriers by linking spatial data delineating school attendance boundaries with tabular data describing the demographic characteristics of populations living within those boundaries. This paper explains why a comprehensive GIS database of K through 12 school attendance boundaries is valuable, how original spatial information delineating school attendance boundaries is collected from local agencies, and techniques for modeling and storing the data so they provide maximum flexibility to the user community. An important goal of this paper is to share the techniques used to assemble the SABINS database so that local and state agencies apply a standard set of procedures and models as they gather data for their regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":89820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Urban and Regional Information Systems Association","volume":"25 2","pages":"49-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5693243/pdf/nihms888322.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35564401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust Principal Component Analysis and Geographically Weighted Regression: Urbanization in the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area of Minnesota.","authors":"Debarchana Ghosh,&nbsp;Steven M Manson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we present a hybrid approach, robust principal component geographically weighted regression (RPCGWR), in examining urbanization as a function of both extant urban land use and the effect of social and environmental factors in the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area (TCMA) of Minnesota. We used remotely sensed data to treat urbanization via the proxy of impervious surface. We then integrated two different methods, robust principal component analysis (RPCA) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) to create an innovative approach to model urbanization. The RPCGWR results show significant spatial heterogeneity in the relationships between proportion of impervious surface and the explanatory factors in the TCMA. We link this heterogeneity to the \"sprawling\" nature of urban land use that has moved outward from the core Twin Cities through to their suburbs and exurbs.</p>","PeriodicalId":89820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Urban and Regional Information Systems Association","volume":"20 1","pages":"15-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3693392/pdf/nihms416069.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31190826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing the Usability of an Argumentation Map as a Participatory Spatial Decision Support Tool","authors":"Christopher L Sidlar, C. Rinner","doi":"10.32920/ryerson.14639697.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32920/ryerson.14639697.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Argumentation Maps support participants in geographically referenced debates as they occur, for example, as part of urban planning processes. In a quasi-naturalistic case study, 11 student participants discussed planning issues on the University of Toronto downtown campus. The analysis of this case study focuses on general usability aspects of an Argumentation Map prototype, such as cost of entry, efficiency, interactivity, and connectivity. By applying usability analysis methods from the field of human-computer interaction, we evaluate the learnability, memorability, and user satisfaction with this tool’s functionality. Our findings indicate that the participants were generally satisfied, but we include specific suggestions for improving the functionality of Argumentation Maps, e.g., with respect to map navigation, display of discussion contributions, and online status of participants. On a more general level, this case study contributes to the methods spectrum of research into participatory spatial decision support systems as an example of user testing in a realistic decision-making context.","PeriodicalId":89820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Urban and Regional Information Systems Association","volume":"19 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69468841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical Methods for Spatial Data Analysis","authors":"E. Ozdenerol","doi":"10.4324/9780203491980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203491980","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical Methods for Spatial Data Analysis Oliver Schabenberger and Carol A. Gotway (Chapman & Hall/CRC Press) 2005, 488 pages. ISBN 1-58488-322-7. Hard cover only. Statistical Methods for Spatial Data Analysis offers plenty of information for the analysis of spatial data in a variety of disciplines. It is clearly written and well organized. The chapters are highly topical and come at a time when the literature on statistical methods for spatial data analysis is steadily growing. Interesting and relevant to the readership of the URISA Journal, this book is a valuable resource for educators, students, geographic information system (GIS) practitioners, and spatial scientists from varying disciplines. The aim of the book is ambitious: comprehensive and illustrative compilation of the basic statistical theory and methods for spatial data analysis. Few books on the subject of statistical methods for spatial data analysis describe the methods in a thorough yet accessible manner. This text stands out because of its comprehensive coverage of a wide range of statistical methods and spatial analysis techniques. One of the book's main strengths is the clear organization of its chapters. Each chapter starts with an explanation of the theory with well-chosen examples explaining the statistical method. Most of the examples use simplified real-world datasets and sometimes hypothetical datasets with a few exceptions. For example, the woodpecker data, lightning-strikes data, rainfall data, and low-birth-weight data represent a variety of disciplines, which makes the book very useful for scientists across disciplines. Necessary equations are provided for each method with a wealth of informative figures, which contribute substantially to developing a better understanding of the methods described. As could be expected for a book of this nature, it includes a fair amount of mathematics. Each chapter ends with problems that encourage the readers/students to apply the statistical methods described to a specific problem. The book contains nine chapters. The introductory chapter provides the needed background on the characteristics and types of spatial data, and the nature of spatial processes and patterns such as autocorrelation functions and the effects of autocorrelation on statistical inference. Chapter 2 describes the theoretical framework of random fields necessary for subsequent chapters, particularly Chapters 4 and 5. Chapter 3 covers point-pattern analysis with a well-named title, \"Mapped Point Patterns.\" The authors should be congratulated on doing such a solid job of including the relevant spatial processes and techniques applicable to point-pattern analysis. Chapter 4 primarily deals with semivariogram, estimation, and modeling of the covariance function. Chapter 5 covers spatial prediction and kriging. In this chapter, the authors elaborate on general details of the spatial prediction problem and give an extensive overview of kriging, with comparisons suc","PeriodicalId":89820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Urban and Regional Information Systems Association","volume":"18 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4324/9780203491980","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70588170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a city skyline for Hong Kong using GIS and urban design guidelines","authors":"A. Mak, Ernest Kin-Man Yip, P. Lai","doi":"10.5353/TH_B2704980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5353/TH_B2704980","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Hong Kong is a metropolis with a dense population. The need to cope with rapid population growth under the constraint of limited amounts of developable lands has resulted in a concentrated development of high-rises. Enterprising developers have clearly exploited such behaviors in the urban development of Hong Kong. Buildings have been constructed to maximum heights whenever a height restriction was not specified in the authorization to build, or stretched to their limits sideways if given a height restriction. Both of these situations have given rise to either repetitive and monotonous roofs-capes or walls of regimental building flanking the harbor front. The objective of this research is to evaluate and redesign the city skyline of Hong Kong based on Urban Design Guidelines established by the Planning Department. The study makes use of the Geographic Information System (GIS) technology and its 3-dimensional (3D) modeling functions to construct, assess, and analyze the city skyline. Introduction The term \"city skyline\" refers to a profile of buildings that forms the cityscape in daytime and the silhouette at night (Lim and Heath 1993). It comprises a group of tall buildings against the undulating backdrop of mountains enwrapping in a natural setting. City skyline registers unique characteristics of a city's landscape shaped by planning controls, topographical conditions, commercial considerations, building design parameters, and environmental concerns. The cities of New York, San Francisco, Sydney, Shanghai, and Toronto are among major metropolitan cities in the world with uniquely identifiable skylines. Cities today are much more concerned about their images because a good impression is key to tourist attraction. Local governments of major cities have tried various means to enhance the visual quality of their city skylines by exerting more control over building heights and design parameters, as well as by constructing more green corridors (Council of the City Vancouver 1997; Lower Manhattan Development Corporation 2002; United Kingdom Parliament 2003). The question is whether there are any standards to form judgment in our assessment of a city skyline. What criteria or factors are used to form an opinion about a city skyline? Are there objective methodologies to define these criteria? Aesthetic value has emerged as an important criterion for evaluating the quality of a city skyline (Delafons 1990; Habe 1989; Preiser and Rohane 1988). A great deal of focus in aesthetic interests concerns the height or the design quality of a building. Some writers have attempted to quantify the design quality of buildings with associated preferences. Stamps (1991) investigated the influence of height, complexity, and style on the preference of individual buildings, and concluded that relative complexity is a predictor of preference for individual high-rise buildings. Heath, Smith, and Lim (2000) investigated the effects of the silhouette and facade comp","PeriodicalId":89820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Urban and Regional Information Systems Association","volume":"17 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71088347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}