Urban anthropology and studies of cultural systems and world economic development最新文献

{"title":"City of Crisis","authors":"A. Murphy","doi":"10.1515/9783839428429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783839428429","url":null,"abstract":"Ethnographic and questionnaire data from two surveys, in 1977 and 1987, of households in the southern Mexican city of Oaxaca, are compared to show the effects of the 1980s economic crisis on urban households. The crisis has resulted in the transfer of workers from the formal sector to the informal sector, and consequently lowered wages. This has had profound effects on household structure, as they have increased the number of workers, mainly women, to keep income at minimum levels. Households that adapt successfully have more members and own (have built) their own home. The overwhelming conclusion from analysis of interhousehold sharing data is that, with the cut-back in government resources, households are increasingly going it alone.","PeriodicalId":89051,"journal":{"name":"Urban anthropology and studies of cultural systems and world economic development","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67068378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Labor Migration, Drug Trafficking Organizations, and Drug Use: Major Challenges for Transnational Communities in Mexico.","authors":"Víctor García, Laura González","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In our article, we present the recent findings of our ethnographic field study on drug use and the emergence of a drug use culture in transnational communities in Mexico. Transnational communities are part of a larger migratory labor circuit that transcends political borders and are not restricted to a single locality. Transnational migrants and returning immigrants link the multiple localities through their social networks. In southern Guanajuato, Mexico, using a transnational migration paradigm, we examined the manner in which transnational migration and drug trafficking organizations are contributing to a growing drug problem in these communities. We found that transnational migrants and returning immigrants, including deported workers, introduce drugs and drug use practices, and contribute to the creation of a drug use culture within the communities. The social conditions in the community that foster and proliferate drug use are many: the erosion of the traditional family, truncated kinship bases, and new social formations. These conditions are all consequences of migration and emigration. Recent drug cartel activities are also contributing to this growing drug problem. The cartels have aggressively targeted these communities because of availability of money, existing drug use, a drug use culture, and the breakdown of traditional deterrents to substance abuse. Although a number of communities in three municipalities were part of our study, we focus on two: Lindavista, a rancho, Progreso, a municipal seat. Our field study in Mexico, one of four sequential ethnographic field studies conducted in Guanajuato and Pennsylvania, was completed over a six month period, from September, 2008, through February, 2009, using traditional ethnography. The four field studies are part of a larger, ongoing, three-year bi-national study on drug use among transnational migrants working in southeastern Pennsylvania. This larger study, near its third and final year, is funded by the National Institute of Drug Abuse.</p>","PeriodicalId":89051,"journal":{"name":"Urban anthropology and studies of cultural systems and world economic development","volume":"38 2-4","pages":"303-344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2949286/pdf/nihms161949.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29338469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropology and the Cold War Mediterranean","authors":"Jane Schneider","doi":"10.7916/D8611620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7916/D8611620","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89051,"journal":{"name":"Urban anthropology and studies of cultural systems and world economic development","volume":"41 1","pages":"107-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71364802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction: An African Diaspora Perspective For Urban Anthropology","authors":"F. Harrison","doi":"10.2307/40553114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/40553114","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue is the outgrowth of a 1985 American Anthropological Association symposium that the Association of Black Anthropologists (ABA) and the Society for Urban Anthropology (SUA) cosponsored.1 That session's and now this special issue's title plays on that of a recent book, BLACK FOLK HERE AND THERE: AN ESSAY IN HISTORY AND ANTHROPOLOGY, VOLUME I (1987)2 written by St. Clair Drake, to whom this two-phased project is dedicated. The title of Drake's publication in turn signals his debt to W.E.B. DuBois, the author of BLACK FOLK, THEN AND NOW: AN ESSAY IN THE HISTORY AND SOCIOLOGY OF THE NEGRO RACE (1939). The works of these two scholars, among many others, belong to an intellectual tradition too little known, understood, or appreciated beyond the boundaries of Black and Pan-African Studies, a framework for producing both knowledge and praxis. The purpose of this project has been threefold. First, we aim to bring the contributions of pioneers like Drake to the current discourse in mainstream anthropology, particularly to urban anthropology. Second, our objective is to demonstrate how the directions many urban anthropologists now follow have precedents not only in the commonly cited literature but also in neglected works certain Afro-American scholars produced in the periphery of American academic and intellectual life. Our third aim is to take a recurrent and key theme in Drake's works, viz., variant forms of domination and popular response in Africa and the African diaspora, and to address this broad problem from a variety of perspectives. With sociologist Horace Cayton, St. Clair Drake, while still a University of Chicago graduate student, wrote BLACK METROPOLIS: A STUDY OF NEGRO LIFE IN A NORTHERN CITY (1945). This book was an outcome of a Works Progress Administration (WPA) team-research effort that Lloyd Warner and Horace Cayton administered during the late 1930s. Before","PeriodicalId":89051,"journal":{"name":"Urban anthropology and studies of cultural systems and world economic development","volume":"84 1","pages":"111-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/40553114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68630620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Subordination of Women in Comparative Perspective.","authors":"L. Nader","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvw04j6x.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvw04j6x.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89051,"journal":{"name":"Urban anthropology and studies of cultural systems and world economic development","volume":"62 1","pages":"377-397"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68858819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}