{"title":"Inhibition control and working memory capacity in children with SLI.","authors":"Klara Marton, Lyudmyla Kelmenson, Milana Pinkhasova","doi":"10.2117/psysoc.2007.110","DOIUrl":"10.2117/psysoc.2007.110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the \"inefficient inhibition hypothesis\" (IIH; Bjorklund & Harnishfeger, 1990; Wilson & Kipp, 1998) in three groups: children with specific language impairment (SLI), age-matched and language-matched controls. The IIH suggests that individuals with efficient inhibition skills perform better on working memory tasks because they are able to keep out irrelevant information from working memory. Children with SLI show processing capacity limitations. This study examined whether the working memory limitations are impacted by inhibition problems in this population. Working memory capacity was measured with a listening span task and children's inhibition errors were categorized. These errors reflected either immediate or delayed inhibition problems and they indicated either contextual distractions or perseverations. Children with SLI produced more inhibition errors than their peers in most categories. The results show an association between inhibition control and working memory capacity, but the direction of causality is not clear.</p>","PeriodicalId":87730,"journal":{"name":"Psikhologyah : ketav 'et mada'i Yisre'eli le-'iyun ule-mehkar","volume":"50 2","pages":"110-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2423934/pdf/nihms-30593.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27491887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Denise Saint Arnault, Shinji Sakamoto, Aiko Moriwaki
{"title":"A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY OF THE EXPERIENTIAL STRUCTURE OF EMOTIONS OF DISTRESS: PRELIMINARY FINDINGS IN A SAMPLE OF FEMALE JAPANESE AND AMERICAN COLLEGE STUDENTS.","authors":"Denise Saint Arnault, Shinji Sakamoto, Aiko Moriwaki","doi":"10.2117/psysoc.2005.254","DOIUrl":"10.2117/psysoc.2005.254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Negative emotions such as anger, sadness and fear are universal; however, there is cultural variability in the ways that specific emotions cluster together. This Experience Sampling Method study collected daily life emotions of distress for 44 American and 50 Japanese college students. These women reported their experiences of 37 distresses once a day for seven days. Cluster Analysis revealed that Americans had upset, depression, hostility and dependency clusters. The Japanese had depression, sad/angry, gloomy, hate and interpersonal clusters. Cultural analysis of idioms of distress and clinical implications are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":87730,"journal":{"name":"Psikhologyah : ketav 'et mada'i Yisre'eli le-'iyun ule-mehkar","volume":"48 4","pages":"254-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3898867/pdf/nihms57299.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32064723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}