{"title":"Religious mass suicide before Jonestown: the Russian Old Believers.","authors":"T. Robbins","doi":"10.2307/3711273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3711273","url":null,"abstract":"Over a period of several decades in late seventeenth and early eighteenth century Russia, tens of thousands of \"Old Believers\" committed suicide, generally by self-immolation. Most of the suicides were not individual acts but transpired in the context of catastrophic collective events at hermitages or monasteries. In several instances the number of persons who perished at a burned-out settlement far exceeded the number of deaths at Jonestown. Convergences with the People's Temple holocaust include: a general climate of apocalyptic excitation; a sectarian mani-chean outlook which perceived absolute evil triumphant in the world, and in which \"political\" themes became more prominent over time; and a conviction of imminent armed assault by hostile forces. Both the Old Believers and the People's Temple experienced difficulties in resolving the tension between the impulse to violently confront a demonic state and the desire to develop a communal refuge where they could live according to their faith. Marked divergences include the degree of actual persecution, and the post-holocaust survival and growth of the Old Believers.","PeriodicalId":82625,"journal":{"name":"SA. Sociological analysis","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79155318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Religious insanity in America: the official nineteenth-century theory.","authors":"W. Bainbridge","doi":"10.2307/3711479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3711479","url":null,"abstract":"the opportunity for exploring the alleged role of religion in producing insanity. Enshrined in publications of the U.S. government and in the chief psychiatric texts as part of the official theory of madness, the idea of religious insanity may have served a number of functions for the new profession of psychiatry, as well as offering afflicted families an optimistic interpretation of mental problems. A mixture of medical, moral and religious ideas, the dominant psychiatric theory cast opposition to high-tension, sectarian religion in an apparently scientific context.","PeriodicalId":82625,"journal":{"name":"SA. Sociological analysis","volume":"45 1","pages":"223-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90231333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Religious affiliation, labor force participation and fertility.","authors":"J. Marcum, M. Radosh","doi":"10.2307/3711546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3711546","url":null,"abstract":"Different teachings on family and procreation make balancing the demands of church and career more difficult for Catholic than Protestant women. Examination of 1965 National Fertility Survey data reveals fertility differences by religious affiliation primarily for women who worked in the past but are not now employed. For Catholics their fertility is high and similar to that of women who have never worked; for Protestants their fertility is low and similar to that of currently employed women. Further analysis of unwanted fertility suggests this pattern occurs because lower contraceptive efficacy leads more Catholic women to leave the labor force. (authors)","PeriodicalId":82625,"journal":{"name":"SA. Sociological analysis","volume":"15 1","pages":"353-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81500827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Religion, psychiatry, and problems of everyday life.","authors":"A. Abbott","doi":"10.2307/3709909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3709909","url":null,"abstract":"A common assertion holds that psychiatrists inherited from the clergy the interpretation and control of individual problems with everyday life. This paper questions that view on several grounds, drawing on American evidencefrom the period 1875-1935. First, such problems were extensively handled by non-clergy professionals in the nineteenth century. Second, psychiatry remained numerically miniscule until after the Second World War. Third, early clergy pastoral theory saw everyday life problems instrumentally, as aids to salvation. While later pastoral theories did propose direct interpretation and control of everyday life problems, these theories were in fact psychiatrically inspired. Thus, while the \"inheritor theory\" may hold at some deepfunctional level, it should not be hypostatized to define an actual historicalprocess of displacement. Problems of Everyday Life in the 19th Century It has become common to assert that psychiatrists are the priests of our time. By this it is usually meant that psychiatrists have acquired, from the clergy, the social function of the interpretation and control of individual problems with life. There are several elements to this view. First, clergy are assumed to have traditionally handled such problems. Second, psychiatrists are supposed by some process to have ousted them from this position. Third, a fairly constant set of problems concerning the meaning and nature of human life is taken as given. By analyzing a particular case, America from 1880 to 1930, I shall show that these assumptions are in fact mostly erroneous. Starting from a discussion of the traditional","PeriodicalId":82625,"journal":{"name":"SA. Sociological analysis","volume":"11 1","pages":"164-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88108594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dilemmas of charismatic leadership: the case of the People's Temple.","authors":"D. Johnson","doi":"10.2307/3709960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3709960","url":null,"abstract":"which focuses primarily on strategies the leader adopts to strengthen his leadership position and to overcome its inherent precariousness. Some of these strategies center on internal relations within the group, and some deal with the group's relations with the environment. Paradoxically, however, these strategies, even if successful, have unintended consequences which may undermine the leader's charismatic power and authority. The second goal is to apply this theoretical model in an ex postfacto interpretation of the evolution of the People's Temple, under Rev.Jones' influence, and its culmination in the mass suicides in Guyana. The theoretical model in this paper provides an alternative to the popular interpretation of the mass suicides in Guyana, and of sects and cults generally, as reflecting psychopathological problems and deficiencies in the social environment.","PeriodicalId":82625,"journal":{"name":"SA. Sociological analysis","volume":"63 1","pages":"315-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76698576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Religion and the \"right to life\": correlates of opposition to abortion.","authors":"Larry R. Petersen, A. Mauss","doi":"10.2307/3710566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3710566","url":null,"abstract":"The small amount of literature on the relationship between religion and attitudes on abortion does not give us a clear indication of the importance of religion in determining attitudes on abortion. But literature on political attitudes indicates that opposition to \"easy\" abortion is associated with political conservatism. There is another body of literature indicating that religious and political conservatism/liberalism are highly correlated. The hypothesis inferred from this is that the membership of the more conservative Protestant churches (and probably the Catholic Church) would tend to oppose \"easy\" abortion, while the membership of the more liberal churches wouldfavor \"easy\" abortion. An aspect of Rosenberg and Abelson's Affective-Cognitive Consistency Theory provides theoretical backing for this hypothesis. Using a nationwide sample of National Opinion Research Center data, we found that religious","PeriodicalId":82625,"journal":{"name":"SA. Sociological analysis","volume":"8 1","pages":"243-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85006141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：