{"title":"Fiber-FISH: experiences and a refined protocol.","authors":"M Heiskanen, O Kallioniemi, A Palotie","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the most time-consuming steps in positional cloning is the physical mapping of probes from the critical chromosomal region and the assembly of a genomic contig of large insert probes. New high-resolution Fiber-FISH techniques have significantly facilitated this tedious task by enabling rapid direct visualization of the order, degree of overlap and gap sizes of adjacent large insert clones. We have developed a method, where agarose-embedded DNA (PFGE block) is used as a source for preparing linearized DNA targets on microscope slides. This modification of the fiber-FISH technique has been successfully used in physical mapping in the 1-300 kb range as well as for detecting genomic rearrangements. Here, we present a refined protocol of our original technique. The application of this technique to agarose embedded yeast cells is also demonstrated. Finally, critical steps and trouble shooting of the method are addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":79402,"journal":{"name":"Genetic analysis : biomolecular engineering","volume":"12 5-6","pages":"179-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19713311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using electroporation and a slot cuvette to deliver plasmid DNA to insect embryos.","authors":"R A Leopold, K J Hughes, J D DeVault","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microinjection is the method used almost exclusively to deliver DNA constructs to insect embryos while electroporation is commonly used for DNA delivery to bacteria, cell cultures and certain plant tissues. This communication describes a method using an easily constructed slot cuvette and the electroporation technique for transfer of DNA to insect embryos for possible use in developing methods for germline transformation. This method eliminates time-consuming individual embryo manipulation and thus far has been found to be adaptable for use on several types of insect embryos. Using this method, we show successful transfer of plasmid DNA to embryos of the corn earworm moth, Helicoverpa zea, and the house fly, Musca domestica.</p>","PeriodicalId":79402,"journal":{"name":"Genetic analysis : biomolecular engineering","volume":"12 5-6","pages":"197-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19713264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rapid detection of common Chinese glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) mutations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE).","authors":"V M Lam, W Huang, S T Lam, C Y Yeung, P H Johnson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe here the use of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to detect the most common Chinese glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) variants, which are the single point mutations: G-->T at nt 1376, G-->A at 1388 both in exon 12 and A-->G at nt 95 in exon 02. In each case, the mutant allele resolves well from the normal allele(s). The distinct heteroduplex bands are characteristic of a particular genotype suggesting that this feature is very useful for identifying all heterozygous carriers for this and other X-linked diseases. When the analysis is extended to other exons, DGGE scans the gene and coupled with direct sequencing, it leads to the identification of new G6PD variation(s). With this approach, we identified a mutation in exon 9 which had not been reported in Hong Kong. Since DGGE can rapidly screen many unknown samples in one gel, this approach could be used to diagnose these G6PD mutations and to identify the at-risk for counselling.</p>","PeriodicalId":79402,"journal":{"name":"Genetic analysis : biomolecular engineering","volume":"12 5-6","pages":"201-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19713265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wavelet analysis of DNA sequences.","authors":"M Altaiski, O Mornev, R Polozov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wavelet decomposition is applied to the analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the rhodopsin gene of Chinese Hamster cells. The Lipschitz-Hölder exponents for the probability measurements of adenine, guanine, thymine and cytosine distributions are obtained. The local scaling found by means of wavelet analysis is argued to be an indication of long-range correlations.</p>","PeriodicalId":79402,"journal":{"name":"Genetic analysis : biomolecular engineering","volume":"12 5-6","pages":"165-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19713308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A nonradioactive method for improved restriction analysis and fingerprinting of large P1 artificial chromosome clones.","authors":"T Ota, C T Amemiya","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The P1 artificial chromosome (PAC) cloning system is very useful for physical mapping, however, the large insert sizes cause difficulty in routine restriction analysis. In order to facilitate restriction mapping and fingerprinting, we have developed a simple, nonradioactive method for end-labeling and detection of restriction fragments from PAC clones. This method is very easy to implement, gives good differentiation of restriction fragments, and uses comparatively small amounts of DNA. We have used this method for restriction analysis of PAC clones containing inserts from human as well as from lower vertebrates. The method should also be applicable to other large-insert plasmid systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":79402,"journal":{"name":"Genetic analysis : biomolecular engineering","volume":"12 5-6","pages":"173-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19713310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Protein folding: from basic science to biotechnology.","authors":"W T Miller, D P Raleigh","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79402,"journal":{"name":"Genetic analysis : biomolecular engineering","volume":"12 5-6","pages":"169-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19713309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J M Aliotta, J J Pelletier, J L Ware, L S Moran, J S Benner, H Kong
{"title":"Thermostable Bst DNA polymerase I lacks a 3'-->5' proofreading exonuclease activity.","authors":"J M Aliotta, J J Pelletier, J L Ware, L S Moran, J S Benner, H Kong","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A thermostable DNA polymerase, the Bst DNA polymerase I, from Bacillus stearothermophilus N3468 was prepared to near-homogeneity. The dominant species of the Bst DNA polymerase I preparation sized about 97 kDa when analyzed on SDS polyacrylamide gels. The Bst polA gene that codes for Bst polymerase I was cloned and sequenced. Comparative sequence analysis showed that all three conserved 3'-->5' exonuclease motifs found in E. coli DNA polymerase I were missing in Bst DNA polymerase I. This cast doubt on the existence of a 3'-->5' exonuclease function in that enzyme. Four biochemical assays were used to measure exonuclease activities of Bst DNA polymerase I, testing both full-length Bst polymerase I and the Bst large fragment which lacks the N-terminal 5'-->3' exonuclease domain. These exonuclease assays demonstrated that Bst DNA polymerase I only contained a double-strand dependent 5'-->3' exonuclease activity but lacked any detectable 3'-->5' proofreading exonuclease activity. The lack of 3'-->5' exonuclease function in a variety of thermostable repair DNA polymerases may reflect enhancement of thermostability at the expense of proofreading activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":79402,"journal":{"name":"Genetic analysis : biomolecular engineering","volume":"12 5-6","pages":"185-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19713312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D J Fu, N E Broude, H Köster, C L Smith, C R Cantor
{"title":"Efficient preparation of short DNA sequence ladders potentially suitable for MALDI-TOF DNA sequencing.","authors":"D J Fu, N E Broude, H Köster, C L Smith, C R Cantor","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Duplex probes with five-base single-stranded overhangs were developed for positional sequencing by hybridization [Broude et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91:3072-3076, 1994]. The partially duplex probes can be employed to capture single-stranded oligonucleotide targets and form primer-template complexes. Recently we showed that partially duplex probes can prime Sanger sequencing reactions on immobilized, but non-ligated long single-stranded targets (approximately 500 nucleotide) [Fu et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci, in press]. Here immobilized, non-ligated partially duplex probes were used to capture and sequence short single-stranded targets. This strategy is capable of rapidly preparing large numbers of samples for future mass spectrometric DNA sequencing.</p>","PeriodicalId":79402,"journal":{"name":"Genetic analysis : biomolecular engineering","volume":"12 3-4","pages":"137-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19650239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}