Archives of general internal medicine最新文献

High sense of mastery reduces psychological distress for African American women but not African American men. 高度的掌控感可以减轻非裔美国女性的心理痛苦，但非裔美国男性则不然。

Archives of general internal medicine Pub Date : 2019-01-01

Shervin Assari

{"title":"High sense of mastery reduces psychological distress for African American women but not African American men.","authors":"Shervin Assari","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research has suggested that relative to Whites, African Americans (AAs) may be at a systemic disadvantage regarding the health effects of socioeconomic position (SEP) indicators as well as psychological assets (e.g., sense of mastery). However, less is known about how these diminished returns differ between AA men and women. This study tested whether AA men and women differ in the mental health effects of high sense of mastery. The National Survey of American Life (NSAL, 2003) recruited 3570 AA adults who were either female (n = 2299) or male (n = 1271). Dependent variable was psychological distress. Independent variable was sense of mastery. Gender was the focal moderator. Age and educational attainment were the covariates. Multiple linear regression model was applied for statistical analysis. Overall, high sense of mastery was associated with lower psychological distress. Significant interaction was found between gender and sense of mastery on psychological distress suggestive of a stronger association for AA women compared to men. A smaller mental health gain of high sense of mastery for AA men compared to AA women is indicative of within race heterogeneity regarding diminished returns. Racism and discrimination may be why high sense of mastery does not translate to mental health gain for AA men.","PeriodicalId":72283,"journal":{"name":"Archives of general internal medicine","volume":"3 1","pages":"5-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6615738/pdf/nihms-1030133.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41221614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Subjective financial status and suicidal ideation among American college students: Racial differences. 美国大学生的主观经济状况与自杀意念：种族差异。

Archives of general internal medicine Pub Date : 2019-01-01

Shervin Assari

{"title":"Subjective financial status and suicidal ideation among American college students: Racial differences.","authors":"Shervin Assari","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The current study aimed to compare American Black and White college students for the protective effect of subjective socioeconomic status (SES) on suicidal ideation.Methods: This study used data from the Healthy Mind Study (HMS 2015-2017). This study included 2,983 undergraduate college students who were at least 18 years of old. These participants were either White (n=2,704) or Black (n=279). The dependent variable was suicidal ideation. The independent variable was subjective SES. Age, gender, transition status, first generation status, and social isolation were covariates. Race/ethnicity was the moderator. Logistic regressions were applied to test the effect of subjective SES on suicidal ideation in the overall sample and by race/ ethnicity.Results: In the overall sample, high subjective SES was associated with less suicidal ideation in the pooled sample of college students. A significant interaction was found between race and subjective SES on suicide risk, suggesting a larger protective effect of high subjective SES for Whites than Blacks. In race-stratified models, high subjective SES was associated with less suicidal ideation for White college students but not for Black college students.Conclusions: Consistent with the Minorities' Diminished Returns theory and in line with previous research that has documented worse mental health of high SES Blacks particularly Black men, this study showed that high SES protects White college students but not Black college students against suicidal ideation. While Whites with low SES are protected against risk of suicide, risk of suicidal ideation seems to be constant regardless of SES among Black college students.","PeriodicalId":72283,"journal":{"name":"Archives of general internal medicine","volume":" ","pages":"16-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8297587/pdf/nihms-1709549.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39221851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MSI CANCER: FROM GENOMICS TO PERSONALIZED MEDICINE Msi癌症:从基因组学到个性化医疗

Archives of general internal medicine Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4066/2591-7951-C1-024

Duval Alex

引用次数: 0

ELECTROSPUN NANOFIBERS IN SKIN WOUND HEALING AND TOPICAL DRUG DELIVERY 电纺丝纳米纤维在皮肤伤口愈合和局部给药中的应用

Archives of general internal medicine Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4066/2591-7951-C1-023

M. Vlachou

引用次数: 0

INDICATORS OF METABOLIC ACTIVITY OF MICRO BIOCENOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH STOMACH CANCER 胃癌患者微生物病代谢活性指标的研究

Archives of general internal medicine Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4066/2591-7951-c1-022

Gramatiuk Svetlana

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of oral versus insulin therapy for newly diagnosed diabetes in low-income settings. 口服与胰岛素治疗对低收入地区新诊断糖尿病的疗效比较

Archives of general internal medicine Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Elizabeth M Vaughan, Jennette P Moreno, David Hyman, Tzu-An Chen, John P Foreyt

{"title":"Efficacy of oral versus insulin therapy for newly diagnosed diabetes in low-income settings.","authors":"Elizabeth M Vaughan, Jennette P Moreno, David Hyman, Tzu-An Chen, John P Foreyt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There are conflicting recommendations and highly variable practices regarding the level of A1c to initiate insulin for individuals with newly diagnosed diabetes. This is complicated in low-income settings where adverse reactions or negative perceptions of insulin are often magnified.Objectives: Compare the clinical outcomes of insulin and Oral Agents (OAs) in low-income settings in the United States.Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review in community clinics serving low -income individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes who were initiated on insulin or OAs. The primary outcome was change of hemoglobin A1c (A1c) from baseline to 12 months. Secondary outcomes consisted of other clinical measures including Emergency Department (ED) visits.Results: A total of 18% (88/489) of patients were started on insulin. The adjusted average decrease of A1c from baseline was greater in the OA group (insulin: -1.97% vs. OA: -2.52%; p<0.001). In a subset analysis of individuals with A1cs >11%, significantly more patients were started on OAs (insulin: n=51, OA: n=93; p<0.001) and A1c improvements were similar at 12 months (insulin: -5.06% [12.94% to 7.88%] OA: -4.62% [12.57% to 7.96%]; p=0.846). Baseline A1c predicted insulin initiation (p<0.001): For every one-unit increase in baseline A1c, the odds of insulin initiation increased by 47.5%. Individuals in the insulin group had more ED visits per year (0.169 vs. 0.0025; p<0.005).Conclusions: Given the positive clinical outcomes of OAs even with markedly elevated A1c levels in addition to the healthcare system benefits, they are a promising initial therapy for low-income adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":72283,"journal":{"name":"Archives of general internal medicine","volume":"1 2","pages":"17-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5836790/pdf/nihms934330.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35893997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0