Annals of clinical pathology最新文献

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Diversity of the cochlear and vestibular pathologies in human temporal bones of newborns infected with cytomegalovirus. 巨细胞病毒感染新生儿颞骨耳蜗和前庭病变的多样性

Annals of clinical pathology Pub Date : 2022-01-01

Vladimir Tsuprun, Mark R Schleiss, Sebahattin Cureoglu

{"title":"Diversity of the cochlear and vestibular pathologies in human temporal bones of newborns infected with cytomegalovirus.","authors":"Vladimir Tsuprun, Mark R Schleiss, Sebahattin Cureoglu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Hypothesis: Human temporal bones of newborns with congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection can be characterized by diverse cochlear and vestibular histopathologies associated with the variability in sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and vestibular dysfunction in these newborns.Background: Only a small number of studies on the cochlear and vestibular pathologies in human temporal bones with cCMV infection have been previously reported.Methods: Cochleovestibular histopathologies were evaluated in 4 temporal bones from 3 infants with cCMV infection by light microscopy.Results: In one available temporal bone of the infant in Case 1, no cytomegalic cells were found. Large areas of cellular and non-cellular structures were observed in the scala tympani of the perilymphatic space; however, there was no obvious loss of cochlear or vestibular hair cells. In Case 2, cytomegalic cells, a loss of vestibular hair cells, and a loss of nerve fibers were observed only in the area of dark cells in the vestibular labyrinth of the left temporal bone. No cytomegalic cells were found in the right temporal bone of the same infant; however, there was a loss of outer hair cells in the organ of Corti and hypervascularity in the stria vascularis. The one available temporal bone of the infant in Case 3 showed cytomegalic cells and a loss of hair cells in both cochlear and vestibular parts of the inner ear.Conclusions: Human temporal bones of newborns with cCMV demonstrate diverse cochleovestibular histopathologies. This diversity is consistent with the variable SNHL and vestibular dysfunction reported in infected newborns.","PeriodicalId":72216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10062439/pdf/nihms-1880429.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9651028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fasciola hepatica ESPs Could Indistinctly Activate or Block Multiple Toll-Like Receptors in a Human Monocyte Cell Line. 肝片形吸虫ESPs可以模糊地激活或阻断人单核细胞系中的多个toll样受体。

Annals of clinical pathology Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-03-31

Olgary Figueroa-Santiago, Ana M Espino

{"title":"Fasciola hepatica ESPs Could Indistinctly Activate or Block Multiple Toll-Like Receptors in a Human Monocyte Cell Line.","authors":"Olgary Figueroa-Santiago, Ana M Espino","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Fasciola hepatica is a parasitic helminth that induces Th2/Treg responses in its mammalian host. Some reports have suggested that ESPs achieve these polarized immune responses by delaying the activation of dendritic cells and macrophages during the early stages of innate immunity, a process that is mediated by TLR4. The present study aimed to investigate whether TLRs other than TLR4 could also be targeted by F. hepatica ESPs. To achieve this aim a screening system was optimized using THP1-Blue CD14 cells. ESPs were first separated based on their molecular weight and according their net charge by ion exchange chromatography (IEC). Results demonstrated that F. hepatica ESPs mainly cathepsin, serpin and endopin are capable of activating TLR2, TLR4, TLR8 and likely also TLR5 and TLR6. In contrast, fatty acid binding protein strongly suppressed the stimulation induced by various TLR-ligands. Further studies are needed to understand how these apparent contradictory effects of molecules of the same protein mix complement each other in the context of an active infection resulting in the polarized Th2-immune response that characterize F. hepatica infections.","PeriodicalId":72216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5690573/pdf/nihms898964.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35565333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Therapeutic Potential of Arsenic Trioxide (ATO) in Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Role of Oxidative Stress in ATO-Induced Apoptosis. 三氧化二砷(ATO)治疗肝癌的治疗潜力:氧化应激在ATO诱导的细胞凋亡中的作用。

Annals of clinical pathology Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-01-04

Erika B Dugo, Clement G Yedjou, Jacqueline J Stevens, Paul B Tchounwou

{"title":"Therapeutic Potential of Arsenic Trioxide (ATO) in Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Role of Oxidative Stress in ATO-Induced Apoptosis.","authors":"Erika B Dugo, Clement G Yedjou, Jacqueline J Stevens, Paul B Tchounwou","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the dominant form of primary liver cancer, is the sixth most common cancer in the world with more than 700,000 people diagnosed annually. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been shown to be a potent anticancer agent in various carcinomas, proving particularly effective in the clinical treatment of relapsed and refractory acute promyelocytic leukemia. However, its bioactivity and molecular mechanisms against HCC has not been fully studied. Using human HCC (HepG2) cells as a test model, we studied the effects of ATO and examined the role of oxidative stress (OS) and apoptosis in cytotoxicity. OS biomarkers showed a significant increase (p< 0.05) of malondialdehyde concentrations, and a gradual decrease of antioxidant enzymes (GPx & CAT) activities with increasing ATO doses. Flow cytometry data showed a dose dependent increase in annex in V positive cells and caspase 3 activities. These results were confirmed by data of the DNA laddering assay showing a clear evidence of nucleosomal DNA fragmentation, as well as data from Western blotting showing a significant modulation of specific apoptotic related proteins, including the activation of p53 and p21 expression and the down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression in ATO-treated cells. Taken together, our research demonstrates that ATO has a potential therapeutic effect against HCC, and its cytotoxicity may be mediated via oxidative stress and activation of the mitochondrial or intrinsic pathway of apoptosis.","PeriodicalId":72216,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5713642/pdf/nihms849629.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35228586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0