医学心理学(英文)最新文献

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Hypo-anxious phenotype of adolescent offspring prenatally exposed to LPS is associated with reduced mGluR5 expression in hippocampus. 产前暴露于LPS的青春期后代低焦虑表型与海马中mGluR5表达降低有关。

医学心理学(英文) Pub Date : 2014-04-01 DOI: 10.4236/ojmp.2014.33022

Dany Arsenault, Aijun Zhu, Chunyu Gong, Kun-Eek Kil, Sreekanth Kura, Ji-Kyung Choi, Anna-Liisa Brownell

{"title":"Hypo-anxious phenotype of adolescent offspring prenatally exposed to LPS is associated with reduced mGluR5 expression in hippocampus.","authors":"Dany Arsenault, Aijun Zhu, Chunyu Gong, Kun-Eek Kil, Sreekanth Kura, Ji-Kyung Choi, Anna-Liisa Brownell","doi":"10.4236/ojmp.2014.33022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojmp.2014.33022","url":null,"abstract":"Many studies have reported long-term modulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) by inflammatory processes and a pharmacological modulation of mGluR5 is known to regulate anxiety level. However, it is not known if non-pharmacological modulation of mGluR5 by inflammation impaired the unconditional level of anxiety. In this study, we investigated this relation in LPS prenatal immune challenge (120μg/kg, 3x i.p. injection in late gestation), a developmental model of neuroinflammation in which some studies have reported hypo-anxious phenotype. Using positron emission tomographic imaging (PET) approaches, we have demonstrated a decrease in the binding potential of [18F]fluoro-5-(2-pyridinylethynyl)benzonitrile ([18F]FPEB, a radioligand for mGluR5) in hippocampus of adolescent offspring prenatally exposed to LPS, without significant change in the binding of [11C]peripheral benzodiazepine receptor 28 ([11C]PBR28), an inflammatory marker. In addition, dark-light box emergence test revealed a lower level of anxiety in LPS-exposed offspring and this behavioural phenotype was associated with the binding potential of [18F]FPEB in hippocampus. These results confirm that neuroinflammation during developmental phase modulates the physiology of mGluR5 and this alteration can be associated with behavioural phenotype related to anxiety. In addition, this study supports a hypotheses that mGluR5 could be used as a diagnostic target in anxiety.","PeriodicalId":56802,"journal":{"name":"医学心理学(英文)","volume":"3 3","pages":"202-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4240012/pdf/nihms591497.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32833311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Long-Term Impact of Caregiving and Metabolic Syndrome with Perceived Decline in Cognitive Function 8 Years Later: A Pilot Study Suggesting Important Avenues for Future Research. 护理和代谢综合征对8年后认知功能下降的长期影响:一项为未来研究提供重要途径的试点研究

医学心理学(英文) Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/ojmp.2013.21005

Beverly H Brummett, Shirley B Austin, Kathleen A Welsh-Bohmer, Redford B Williams, Ilene C Siegler

{"title":"Long-Term Impact of Caregiving and Metabolic Syndrome with Perceived Decline in Cognitive Function 8 Years Later: A Pilot Study Suggesting Important Avenues for Future Research.","authors":"Beverly H Brummett, Shirley B Austin, Kathleen A Welsh-Bohmer, Redford B Williams, Ilene C Siegler","doi":"10.4236/ojmp.2013.21005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojmp.2013.21005","url":null,"abstract":"The chronic stress of caregiving has been associated with increased risk for cognitive decline and dementia. One theoretical model suggests that a group of risk factors known as the metabolic syndrome MET_SYN (e.g. hypertension, poor glucose regulation, central obesity, and high triglyceride levels) that have demonstrated associations with both stress and cognitive decline, may mediate the association between caregiver stress and cognitive decline. It is also possible that caregiving may moderate the association between MET_SYN and cognitive decline. The present study examined these two potential models. The study sample consisted of 53 caregivers for a relative with dementia and 24 participants who did not have caregiving responsibilities at baseline. We examined associations among caregiving history (yes/no), self-reported decline in cognitive function (the AD8) at follow-up, and a MET_SYN factor comprised of increased systolic blood pressure (SBP), glycosylated hemoglobin concentration (HbA1c), waist circumference, and triglyceride levels at baseline when caregiving was assessed. MET_SYN was associated with AD8 (p = 0.010). Caregiving history was not directly associated with AD8 ratings, however, caregiving did moderate the association between MET_SYN and AD8 (p = 0.043) assessed 8 years later. In caregivers MET_SYN scores reflecting higher risk were associated with scores on the AD8 indicting decline, whereas, in controls MET_SYN was unrelated to AD8 assessment. Thus, it can be concluded that caregiver stress may increase the association between metabolic risk factors and decline in cognitive functioning up to 8 years later.","PeriodicalId":56802,"journal":{"name":"医学心理学(英文)","volume":"2 1","pages":"23-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3952276/pdf/nihms556542.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32181675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Continued Successful SA Recovery during the Maintenance Stage: Intra-Individual Resource Loss & Gain Predict Relapse. 在维持阶段持续成功的SA恢复：个体内部资源的损失和获得预测复发。

医学心理学(英文) Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/ojmp.2012.11001

Lisa C Walt, Ed Stevens, Leonard A Jason, Joseph R Ferrari

{"title":"Continued Successful SA Recovery during the Maintenance Stage: Intra-Individual Resource Loss & Gain Predict Relapse.","authors":"Lisa C Walt, Ed Stevens, Leonard A Jason, Joseph R Ferrari","doi":"10.4236/ojmp.2012.11001","DOIUrl":"10.4236/ojmp.2012.11001","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVES: We combine Hobfoll's Conservation of Resources (COR) theory and key components of self-help group \"step work\" ideology to investigate how dynamic changes in key intra-individual resource loss and gains (self-esteem, abstinence self-efficacy, existential growth) influence relapse rates in a sample of individuals in the Maintenance Stage of substance abuse recovery. METHODS: Participants (n = 579) completed two surveys over a nine month period that assessed baseline and changes in intra-individual loss and gain resources as well as relapse rates over study course. Multiple regression analyses were performed to predict whether baseline and dynamic changes in intra-individual scores predict relapse rates over time. RESULTS: Individuals that reported lower levels of resource gain at baseline, as well as decreased gain trajectories and increased loss trajectories over time were more likely to relapse. CONCLUSIONS: Findings support self-help group \"step work\" models and the application of COR theory for relapse likelihood prediction in a sample of individuals in longer term substance abuse recovery. Research efforts should examine the complex relationship between these dynamic intra-individual resources, social cognition, self-regulation and relapse risk. Future interventions should address the importance of the continual development and protection of these valuable intra-individual resources to prevent relapse.","PeriodicalId":56802,"journal":{"name":"医学心理学(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3548223/pdf/nihms361589.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31176724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0