Philippine Journal of Crop Science最新文献

{"title":"Characterization and Phenotypic Trait Analyses of Five Dendrobium Species","authors":"Philippine Journal of Crop Science, Krizzia Nikita P. Velasquez, Pablito M. Magdalita, Norma G. Medina, Ryan Rodrigo P. Tayobong, Jemimah C. Banganan, Mylene C. Nieves, Ruben L. Villareal","doi":"10.63568/pjcs.v50i2.1539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.63568/pjcs.v50i2.1539","url":null,"abstract":"Phenotyping of 50 Dendrobium genotypes belonging to five Dendrobium species including Dendrobium anosmum (Lindl.), Dendrobium aphyllum (Roxburgh) C.E.C Fisch., Dendrobium crumenatum Swartz, Dendrobium profusum, and Dendrobium bullenianum Rchb.f., and pollen fertility testing of selected D. anosmum genotypes was conducted to characterize and analyze them morphologically in terms of flower, leaf spike traits and growth habit. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the different quantitative traits evaluated grouped them into 16 principal components, wherein the first four components have Eigenvalues greater than one and, they have contributed 80.93% of the total cumulative variability. Fifteen phenotypic traits have high variances as shown by the four most important principal components, and these have significance to the different genotypes since they can be used as basis for selection in breeding work to improve the Dendrobium orchid. The relationship of the different quantitative traits was subjected to correlation circle analysis, and it revealed that flower width, flower length, petal length, dorsal and lateral sepal length, lip length, lip width, peduncle length, petal thickness and flower lifespan are positively correlated. Furthermore, Agglomerative hierarchal clustering analysis indicated that the 50 individual Dendrobium genotypes clustered into three classes with different class sizes. The dendrogram showed a highly branched structure indicating a high variability among the 50 Dendrobium genotypes, suggesting a wide window for selection of desirable genotypes. The Dendrobium selections that are floriferous with big flowers included: Genotype #3 from D. anosmum, Genotype #20 from D. aphyllum and Genotype #32 from D. cremenatum.","PeriodicalId":54623,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Crop Science","volume":"50 2","pages":"46-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147893965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Paclobutrazol Application on the Phenological Patterns of Flowering, Fruit Production and Cherelle Wilt Incidence in Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)","authors":"Philippine Journal of Crop Science, Mylene C. Nieves, C.M. Protacio, Ma. Lourdes S. Edaño, Eureka Teresa M. Ocampo, Antonio C. Laurena","doi":"10.63568/vol49iss3pp25-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.63568/vol49iss3pp25-33","url":null,"abstract":"Cherelle wilting, a major constraint in cacao production, is caused by inefficient carbohydrate distribution in developing cherelles. Understanding carbohydrate metabolism in cacao can improve our knowledge of its physiology and help develop yield-enhancing strategies. Improving carbohydrate assimilation in cacao during critical flowering and pod setting stages requires thorough analysis of physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes, necessitating prompt intervention. Paclobutrazol (PBZ) by inhibiting gibberellin biosynthesis, can increase carbohydrate accumulation in sink tissues. This boosts photoassimilate partitioning to the reproductive structures, sustaining cherelle growth and improving cacao yield. In a separate study, two cacao varieties (UF667 and UF18) were applied with paclobutrazol to enhance flower, cherelle, and pod production. Ten-year-old trees were treated with 0.1% paclobutrazol, untreated trees served as controls. Vegetative growth, flower, cherelle, and pod production were recorded monthly. Carbohydrate content and leaf SPAD values were determined in UF667 leaves. Data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation and T-test at a 95% confidence interval. Paclobutrazol enhanced chlorophyll (as represented by leaf SPAD value) but did not significantly affect carbohydrate accumulation in cacao leaves. Increased leaf SPAD value in mature leaves boosted flowering intensity and cherelle formation. PBZ increased the total number of flower cushions and flowers per tree in UF18, and the total flowers and flowers per cushion in UF667. Cherelle formation and pod retention in PBZ-treated trees were not significantly different from untreated trees. Flower production increased by over 100%, but the conversion rate to cherelles and pods was very low. Paclobutrazol increased dried bean yield from 1.18 to 2.84 kg per tree per year in cacao var UF18, much higher than the local production. Cherelle wilt increased with more cherelles and pods, indicating competition for photoassimilates. Overall, PBZ was effective in enhancing flower production in cacao. However, proper cultural management practices, such as pruning and pest control measures, should be implemented alongside paclobutrazol to sustain the growth of developing cherelles and improve pod retention.","PeriodicalId":54623,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Crop Science","volume":"49 3","pages":"25-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ovcre.uplb.edu.ph/journals-uplb/index.php/PJCS/article/download/1285/1007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147878145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The economics of timeliness in the crop intensification of rainfed farms in Iloilo, Central Philippines","authors":"N. Roxas, J. Angus, C. Barlow","doi":"10.25911/5D6CF8556FBB8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25911/5D6CF8556FBB8","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this study has been to investigate the role of timeliness in the crop intensification of rainfed farms in Iloilo, Central Philippines. Specifically, it undertakes an economic evaluation of reducing the delay in crop establishment by comparatively estimating the additional benefits between power tiller use and carabao in land preparation. A simulation model of rice crop growth is used to predict yield estimates by incorporating established functional growth relationships, local environmental determinants (landscape positions of field), and management criteria given 31 years' annual rainfall data to account for variability. The simulated yields are then economically evaluated to determine the level of profitability (additional returns) by using time and partial budgeting techniques. In general, yields were higher and stable in lower field positions using a shorter turn-around period (TAP) of crop establishment. The inverse relationship between grain yield and TAP, grain yield and landscape position (LP) was mainly due to (i) Water availability in the field, and (ii) Timeliness of crop establishment. Specification of the cropping strategy, i.e. TAP's of 5,10,20 and 30 days, showed that the shorter the TAP, the higher the additional returns in using carabao. To compare the power tillers (7 TAP), Additional Returns were better than 10,20 and 30 but lower than 5 TAP of carabao. This suggests that the time saved in reducing the delay in TAP, compensated for the cost of using both 5 TAP and power tillers, in terms of higher","PeriodicalId":54623,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Crop Science","volume":"40 1","pages":"15-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"1981-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82328811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}