European Journal of Clinical Pharmacy最新文献

{"title":"Surgical site infection and predictors among adults in specialized hospital: prospective observational study","authors":"B. Kebede, Biset Asredaw","doi":"10.21203/rs.2.15775/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.15775/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction: Health-care-associated infection (HAI) is a major global safety issue for patients, health care managers and health-care professionals. One of HAI is surgical site infection (SSI). SSI is refers to an infection that occurs after surgery in the part of the body where surgery took place. It arises following surgery and is specifically related to the surgical site. It is estimated that SSIs account between 10-30% of all HAIs. Objective: The objectives of this study was to quantify the rate of wound infection and identify determinant factors Method: Prospective observational study was conducted from January to June 05/2019. All adult patients who met inclusion criteria were included in the study. The data was obtained either directly from the patient, or by observations or from the patient’s file. All patients were followed daily before, during and after operation for 30 days starting from the date of operation. Wound infection was detected at bedside and post-discharge surveillance. Chi-square test was computed to evaluate adequacy of cells for regression analysis. Independent predictors identified using binary logistic regression analysis and statistical significance was considered at p<0.05. Results: Two hundred eighty patients were included with mean age of 42.5±11 and 157(56.1%) patients were females. Caesarean section is the most common type of surgery. The rate of wound infection was found to be 80 (28.57%). The highest SSI rate was observed in gastrointestinal surgery 28(35.0). More than half of the cases were developed in health institution and patients having clean contaminated wound share the highest number. Majority of patients were undergoing emergency surgery with mean duration of surgery 1.8±0.65 hours. Multivariate analysis revealed that seven variables were significantly associated with the prevalence of wound infection; namely patient’s body mass index (P=0.037), age (P=0.046), history of previous surgery (P=0.04), preoperative hospital stay (p=0.0091), wound class (p=0.01) and history of steroid use (p= 0.027). Conclusion: In this study the rate of wound infection was high with patient’s physical status, duration of surgery, previous steroid use being strong predictor of infection. Life style modification is important to reduce body mass index and health professionals should counsel them.","PeriodicalId":53460,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46557351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relevance of platelet glycoprotein GP IIb/IIIa polymorphism to anti-platelets response in acute coronary syndrome","authors":"O. Nayel, M. Sobhy, A. Baraka, Mohammed El Samak, C. Kader","doi":"10.5176/2251-2489_BIOTECH13.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5176/2251-2489_BIOTECH13.34","url":null,"abstract":"The potential implication of P1A gene variants of GPIIIa of platelet GP IIb/IIIa as a genetic risk factor provocateur and/or a therapeutic outcome modulator to anti-platelet therapy in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) was probed. Study enrolled 22 controls and 44 ACS patients [non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) vs ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)]. They were risk stratified (TIMI score), sampled for genotyping and estimation of platelet aggregation, then subdivided according to add-on anti-platelet therapy into: clopidogrel or tirofiban subgroups. After 48 hours, the therapeutic outcome was assessed; clinically, pain relief or complication prevalence (symptomatic, electrocardiographic or hemorrhagic) and the investigational estimates were re-assessed. Intra-procedural evaluation of chest pain, ECG tracing and angiographic findings (number of culprit vessels, thrombus extent, TIMI flow, and myocardial blush) was reported in patients who underwent PCI. Frequency of plA2vs plA1 allele was higher in ACS patients (significant in ≤60 years/doubled in STEMI vs NSTEMI). TIMI score, stratification permitted considering P1A2 variant as independent risk factor in UA/NSTEMI subsets. This was fostered by intra-procedural finding of more stenotic and thrombotic lesions in P1A2 carriers. A lack of significant association between P1A variants and changes in platelet aggregation, debate its causal relation to P1A2 variant being an ACS risk factor. A positive correlation was observed between P1A variants and the therapeutic response outcome to both clopidogrel and tirofiban regarding platelet aggregation and relief of chest pain. Thus, P1A2 variant could be considered a genetic risk factor contributor rather than an anti-platelet therapeutic response modulator, when speaking of ACS. This awaits larger scale pharmacogenomic studies before a final statement is declared so as to individualize anti-platelet therapy to the best of its therapeutic outcome in ACS settings","PeriodicalId":53460,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Pharmacy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70797891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}