Yaqian Xu, Xinyu Chen, Yuhan Hou, Jianxiong Xu, Hao You, Yu Huang, Bowen Liu, Ashley Hung, Andrew G Richardson, Roman Genov, Xilin Liu
{"title":"An In-Ear Sleep Modulation SoC Featuring a CNN-LSTM Accelerator with Long-Kernel Memory Reuse and Runtime Dynamic Quantization.","authors":"Yaqian Xu, Xinyu Chen, Yuhan Hou, Jianxiong Xu, Hao You, Yu Huang, Bowen Liu, Ashley Hung, Andrew G Richardson, Roman Genov, Xilin Liu","doi":"10.1109/vlsitechnologyandcir65830.2026.11577635","DOIUrl":"10.1109/vlsitechnologyandcir65830.2026.11577635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work presents a 65 nm SoC for closed-loop in-ear sleep modulation. The SoC performs low-noise in-ear EEG sensing, CNN-LSTM-based sleep stage classification, and phase-specific auditory stimulation under 1 mW. A dedicated accelerator is developed, featuring a memory reuse technique to efficiently process long kernels required for low-frequency EEG feature extraction. A runtime dynamic quantization is incorporated, reducing model size by 3.88× with only a 0.28% loss in accuracy. A sensitivity of 98.3% is achieved for deep sleep detection, enabling effective sleep modulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":524191,"journal":{"name":"Digest of technical papers. Symposium on VLSI Technology","volume":"2026 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13559845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148932471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}