Next research最新文献

{"title":"Particulate matter induced cell death: Current understanding of molecular drivers that lead to lung damage.","authors":"Durgesh N Das, Dhruv Mitroo","doi":"10.1016/j.nexres.2026.101769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexres.2026.101769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Particulate matter (PM), ubiquitous in indoor and outdoor air parcels, is an environmental hazard and poses a risk to human health. The proclivity for PM to be continuously inhaled is what leads to adverse human outcomes. This is because often if not always, PM is chemically laden with toxins. The scientific literature is impressively growing with studies in vitro and in vivo that probe PM-induced cellular deaths, resulting in improved knowledge of disease onset. New cell death mechanisms are being proposed, including revisions of canonical definitions (e.g., necrosis). It is helpful in our view if the current knowledge of the processes within a cell initiated by PM insults and leading to cell death are summarized and supplemented to the literature. Such a summary should highlight proteins that act as death activators or gatekeepers in a given affected transduction pathway. Additionally, this summary should discern how PM dose can promote cell death versus lead to signaling that restores cell function. The result should underscore cell resiliency and provide insight on therapeutic strategies. To this end, the objective of this review is to present reception, transduction, and the response of a cell to PM exposure. We emphasize cellular transduction pathways that have been reported by the literature as impacted significantly by PM uptake (that would otherwise occur during homeostasis in a well-regulated manner) and the resulting defined cell deaths: autophagy, apoptosis, necrosis, and cuproptosis. We find that while reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent inflammatory cytokine release are commonly studied and subject to therapeutic research, damage to organelles such as the mitochondrion (and leading to mitophagy) is receiving equivalent attention as attractive research targets. We conclude the review by scaling cell death to organ or organism pathophysiology and the importance of a genetic mutations for burden of PM-induced disease. That is, while air pollution or PM might not directly cause mutations, it can be a driver by creating an environment within the cell that favors the growth and progression of cells with these mutations.</p>","PeriodicalId":520985,"journal":{"name":"Next research","volume":"9 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13245553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148214222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PFAS Policies and Reductions in Drinking Water Contamination Across the United States: Incorporated Policy Perspectives from Los Angeles Residents.","authors":"Shiwen Li, Rebecca Schielzeth, Tamar Galindo, Connie Valencia, Adam L Smith, Lida Chatzi, Max T Aung","doi":"10.1016/j.nexres.2026.101827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexres.2026.101827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many U.S. states have adopted per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)-related policies, but evidence on whether these actions reduce detections in drinking water is limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a nationwide analysis of the EPA Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) and a community study in Los Angeles (LA). State-wide PFAS policies correlated with PFAS detections in public water systems (n = 56,856) using UCMR3 (2013-2015) and UCMR5 (2023-2025) for six PFAS (PFBS, PFHpA, PFHxS, PFNA, PFOA, PFOS). We examined associations between detections or changes in detections and two metrics: (1) total PFAS policy counts and (2) the proportion of water-related PFAS policies. In LA, we conducted focus groups/interviews (n = 29) and tested a 55-PFAS panel in household tap water (n = 23; Pasadena/Torrance n = 9; Central/Southeast LA n = 14).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total policy counts were not associated with lower PFAS detection in UCMR5, except for a borderline reduction in PFBS (β = -0.0003, p = 0.06). A higher proportion of water-focused policies was associated with increased odds of PFAS detection, with significant associations for PFBS (OR = 3.79, 95% CI: 2.83-5.10), PFHpA (2.66, 1.64-4.33), PFHxS (3.10, 2.10-4.62), and PFOS (3.37, 2.41-4.71). Similar results were observed for changes in detection. In LA, residents reported distrust in tap water, low PFAS awareness, and emphasized independent testing, subsidized filtration, and clearer communication.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Greater concentrations of water-focused policies were linked to increased PFAS detections, likely reflecting enhanced surveillance or responses in high-burden states. Community perspectives highlight that policy also requires trust, transparency, and resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":520985,"journal":{"name":"Next research","volume":"9 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13178463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147966970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Movement disorder emergencies at a tertiary-care center in West Bengal, India: Spectrum, etiologies, diagnostic implications.","authors":"Dinesh Kumar Manna, Ankur Banik, Debsadhan Biswas, Sandip Pal, Asutosh Pal, Arkaprabha Sau, Mihira Chakravarthy, Julián Benito-León","doi":"10.1016/j.nexres.2026.101706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexres.2026.101706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute-onset movement disorders, often termed movement disorder emergencies, present in emergency and inpatient neurology settings and may arise from diverse causes, including potentially reversible metabolic and medication-related conditions.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to describe the clinical phenomenology and etiological spectrum of movement disorder emergencies presenting to a tertiary care center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective, single-center, hospital-based cross-sectional observational study over 12 months (February 2023 to January 2024) at a tertiary-care hospital in Kolkata, Eastern India. Patients aged 12 years or older with a movement disorder onset within 4 weeks were enrolled. Movement disorder presentations were categorized as hyperkinetic, hypokinetic, or mixed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty patients were included (mean age 48.0 years, standard deviation 18.0; 57.5% male). Hyperkinetic presentations predominated (80.0%), followed by mixed (13.7%) and hypokinetic (6.2%) presentations. The most frequent phenomenologies were hemichorea and myoclonus (18.7% each), followed by acute parkinsonism (17.5%), dystonia (16.2%), and tremor (15.0%). Mean symptom duration at presentation did not differ across movement disorder categories (p = 0.36). The movement disorder category was not associated with sex (p = 0.68), age group (p = 0.39), or timing of presentation (p = 0.632). The leading etiologies were metabolic (26.2%) and drug-induced (25.0%), followed by vascular (15.0%), functional (8.7%), and infectious (6.2%) causes. Functional etiologies presented exclusively with hyperkinetic phenomenology.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this tertiary-care cohort, movement disorder emergencies were predominantly hyperkinetic, and metabolic and drug-induced causes accounted for over half of the cases. These findings support an expeditious diagnostic approach that prioritizes rapid metabolic screening, careful medication review, and targeted neuroimaging when clinically indicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":520985,"journal":{"name":"Next research","volume":"9 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13299396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148348686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk perceptions, government role, and public protective behavior in the face of environmental health hazards.","authors":"Rotem Dvir, Hyunseok Hwang","doi":"10.1016/j.nexres.2026.101537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexres.2026.101537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we expand research on climate change mitigation behavior by exploring individuals' protective actions in the face of a diverse set of environmental hazards including air pollution, water and soil contamination, spillage of toxicants, polluted food and consumer products. Also, we investigate protective actions related to consumption choices (food and cleaning products) or behavioral change (staying indoors). Those actions reflect a broader range of responses of at-risk individuals who wish to reduce the health-related ramifications of pollution-type hazards. We build on <i>Protection Motivation Theory (PMT)</i> to describe the factors that motivate individuals' behavior. In particular, we emphasize the emergence of risk perceptions and their subsequent effects on behavior. We also account for PMT's coping appraisal by assessing the role of the government in motivating protective actions. We use American national-level data from a survey that highlights environmental health and employ both regression and structural equation modeling (SEM). The empirical analysis reveals the critical role of risk perceptions that have both a direct effect on mitigation behavior and it mediates the effects of several antecedents on protective actions. Our findings extend research on individual protective behavior to mitigate the detrimental health effects of less common hazards like air and water pollution or soil contamination and toxicants release. In particular, we offer evidence on the drivers of mitigating actions to reduce the health-specific risks from environmental hazards that are not necessarily natural and can be a result of human action.</p>","PeriodicalId":520985,"journal":{"name":"Next research","volume":"8 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13313588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients with Neuralgic Amyotrophy Commonly Visit the Emergency Department Without Receiving a Correct Diagnosis.","authors":"Gracyn J Campbell, Bradley Bedell, Michelle Akerman, Ek T Tan, Noriko Anderson, Carlo J Milani, Ann Poncelet, Darryl B Sneag","doi":"10.1016/j.nexres.2025.100746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexres.2025.100746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neuralgic amyotrophy (NA), or Parsonage-Turner syndrome is a peripheral neuropathy characterized by spontaneous, severe pain in the upper extremity, followed by severe muscle weakness.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the frequency with which patients with neuralgic amyotrophy (NA) (Parsonage-Turner syndrome) visit an emergency department (ED) or urgent care center (UCC) at symptom onset, and to characterize their clinical presentations and diagnostic evaluations performed at such visits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study retrospectively reviewed registries at 2 different sites for patients with suspected NA. Patients were included in this study if their NA diagnoses were confirmed by criteria including clinical signs and symptoms, electrodiagnostic testing (EDX), and imaging (if available). Data was collected through patient surveys and searches of electronic medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the 2 registries, 178 patients were identified, 30% of whom (54) visited the ED/UCC and 43 met inclusion criteria. During the initial ED/UCC visit, 56% of patients underwent at least 1 of the following imaging examinations: x-ray (37%), MRI (21%), ultrasound (7%) and/or CT (7%). A total of 23% of patients were not provided any specific diagnosis by the ED/UCC and only 1 patient (2%) received a diagnosis of NA. The mean ± standard deviation of the number of days between symptom onset and eventual NA diagnosis was 117 days ± 124.8.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most patients with NA who initially present to an ED/UCC at symptom onset do not receive a correct diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":520985,"journal":{"name":"Next research","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12425469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145067608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent urinary metabolic signatures in children with type 1 diabetes.","authors":"Ernesto S Nakayasu, Javier E Flores, Lisa M Bramer, Jackson Chin, Young-Mo Kim, Farooq Syed, Erika M Zink, Brigitte I Frohnert, Carmella Evans-Molina, Paul B Kaplowitz, Fran E Cogen, Rembert Pieper, Thomas O Metz, Bobbie-Jo M Webb-Robertson","doi":"10.1016/j.nexres.2025.100725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexres.2025.100725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are an estimated 3.7 million people with undiagnosed type 1 diabetes (T1D), living primarily in poor areas of the globe. Therefore, there is a need for non-invasive, affordable tests to provide accurate diagnosis despite the time post-disease onset and fasting state. Here, we studied persistent urinary T1D biomarkers that can be used to develop such tests. We analyzed the urine metabolomes of three independent cohorts of samples collected within 48 h (from Indiana University), and 1 year (from University of Colorado) and 1-10 years (6 years in average) (from Children's National Medical Center) post-diagnosis. Samples were submitted to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and machine learning analyses to determine diagnostic metabolite panels. The data were also mapped into a metabolic pathway to understand persistently regulated processes in T1D. Seven metabolites showed consistent increases in all three cohorts: D-glucose, D-mannose, myo-inositol, 3-hydroxyisobutyric acid, gluconolactone, D-gluconic acid, and D-glucuronic acid. A combination of machine learning analysis and metabolite ratios as biomarker candidates diagnosed T1D with high sensitivity and specificity across different cohorts and times. Mapping the regulated metabolites into a pathway showed impairment in glycolysis and overflow of glucose towards other pathways in subjects with T1D that was persistent over time. We identified and cross-validated highly specific and sensitive urinary biomarkers. This opens opportunities to develop affordable, robust, and non-invasive tests. The results also show that most of the biomarkers were signatures of dysregulated glucose metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":520985,"journal":{"name":"Next research","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12807541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146000391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between food frequency checklist responses and internal biomarkers of exposure to pesticides and heavy metals among U.S. pregnant women.","authors":"Lisa Jo Melnyk, Thomas J Luben, Jacob Donovan, Kent Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.nexres.2025.100538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexres.2025.100538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A self-administered food consumption frequency checklist was completed over a 3-day period by 640 pregnant women to assess its utility for identifying associations between exposure to chemical contaminants and food consumption. Responses were segregated by food categories. Demographic information was self-reported. Chemical measurements included cadmium, lead, and methylmercury in blood samples and urinary (creatinine corrected) total arsenic, six organophosphate metabolites (dialkylphosphates), and summed polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolites. Frequencies for each food group were compared to demographics and geometric mean concentrations of each contaminant to determine any associations using a one-way analysis of variance. Age, race/ethnicity, education, and household income showed significant associations with several food groups (p < 0.05). Methylmercury concentrations were significantly associated with consumption of fish. Lead concentrations were significantly associated with consumption of milk, dairy, grains, fruits, and vegetables (p < 0.05). Urinary metabolite concentrations indicated significant associations between total arsenic and fish; dimethyldithiophosphate and water, protein, and fish; dimethylthiophosphate and fish; diethylthiophosphate and fruit and fish; and summed PAHs and water and grains (p < 0.05). Demographic characteristics play a role in potential exposures to these participants. The usefulness of the food frequency checklist to predict chemical exposures through biomarkers in blood and urine was mixed across chemicals and food types in that sometimes the prediction matched expected results (e.g., methylmercury and total arsenic concentrations associated with fish consumption) and sometimes it did not (e.g., no association between summed PAH concentrations and consumption of protein).</p>","PeriodicalId":520985,"journal":{"name":"Next research","volume":"2 3","pages":"100538"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12774382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145919755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variable Neuronal Expression of Green Florescent Protein in the Brain of a Transgenic Swine Reporter Model.","authors":"Molly Hower, Viktoriya Bondarenko, Marina E Emborg, Jeanette M Metzger","doi":"10.1016/j.nexres.2025.100624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexres.2025.100624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transgenic pigs are emerging as large animal models for biomedical research. Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing transgenic reporter pigs (GFP-Tg; NSRRC:0016 GFP <i>NT92</i>) express GFP via the ubiquitous pCAGG promoter. Their level of GFP expression across brain regions has not yet been evaluated. Brain tissue sections from GFP-Tg animals were immunostained against GFP and the neuronal marker NeuN, or against GFP, NeuN, and the dopaminergic neuronal marker tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). The presence and intensity of neuronal GFP expression was evaluated in the amygdala, caudate, hippocampus, primary motor cortex (M1), putamen, and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Images from each region were captured, and individual neurons were counted and rated based on their intensity of GFP expression as being GFP positive (GFP+), equal (GFP=) to neuropil, dim (GFPd), or negative (GFP-). Nearly all neurons in the amygdala (99.2%), caudate (99.0%), hippocampus (99.7%), M1 (99.4%), and putamen, (98.8%) showed high GFP-immunoreactivity (combined GFP+ and GFP=), in contrast to the SNpc, which had significantly less (61.4%; p=0.0266). The number of GFP- neurons was significantly higher in the SNpc than in the amygdala (p =0.0342), hippocampus (p=0.0366), and M1 (p=0.0437). Overall, this study demonstrates high neuronal GFP expression in the GFP-Tg reporter pig, but with variability between brain regions, particularly decreased GFP expression in dopaminergic nigral neurons. Future research utilizing this model, such as studies to evaluate the efficacy of genome-editors for Parkinson's disease through their ability to turn off GFP expression in the nigrostriatal system, should account for this neuronal GFP-expression variability.</p>","PeriodicalId":520985,"journal":{"name":"Next research","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12337955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144839970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing ductility in tungsten-based refractory high-entropy alloys through al and cu alloying: A first-principles study.","authors":"Michael Woodcox, Avik Mahata","doi":"10.1016/j.nexres.2025.100743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexres.2025.100743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We employ density functional theory to explore how Al and Cu substitution influence the mechanical properties of the refractory high-entropy alloy MoNbTaW. Replacing W with Al or Cu reduces the alloy's density and alters its electronic structure in distinct ways. Projected density of states and Bader charge analyses indicate that Cu weakens metallic bonding, while Al promotes more directional, covalent-like interactions. These modifications enhance ductility, as evidenced by increases in Poisson's ratio ( <math><mi>v</mi></math> ) and the Pugh ratio ( <math><mi>γ</mi></math> ). Electron localization function results further reveal greater charge delocalization in the alloyed systems, supporting the conclusion that strategic Al and Cu incorporation can improve ductility without compromising thermodynamic stability. These findings provide insight into designing lightweight, ductile, and stable tungsten-based high-entropy alloys for demanding structural applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":520985,"journal":{"name":"Next research","volume":"2 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13108468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147795802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of traditional biosolids disposal methods for biosolids contaminated with <i>Bacillus globigii</i> spores.","authors":"Adam C Burdsall, Matthew Magnuson, Jeffrey G Szabo, J Lee Heckman","doi":"10.1016/j.nexres.2025.100212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nexres.2025.100212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>If biosolids are contaminated with <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> spores, either through intentional actions or a natural outbreak, a water resource recovery facility may need to consider whether their treatment processes can sufficiently inactivate this pathogen to prevent its spread. Three methods commonly employed to treat biosolids-lime stabilization, aerobic composting, and incineration-were investigated in this study through literature review and bench-scale experimentation using <i>Bacillus globigii</i> as surrogate for <i>B. anthracis</i>. This research studied parameters of these methods of pathogen treatment in wastewater biosolids that may lead to organisms surviving treatment. The literature component of this investigation indicated that lime stabilization introduces calcium ions that can fortify spores, making it problematic, and possibly counterproductive, for spore inactivation. Therefore, the experimental component of this investigation focused on aerobic composting and incineration. Although 60°C could inactivate <i>Bacillus globigii</i> to below detection limits in a control experiment involving direct application of heat, aerobic composting struggled to maintain sufficient temperature for the needed time and inactivated 2 to 4 log₁₀ units of <i>Bacillus globigii</i> spores, which may not provide reliable inactivation. Incineration studied in a bench-scale fluidized bed incinerator designed to mimic full-scale incinerators showed that spores could survive under certain combinations of furnace temperature and biosolids moisture content. Namely, 1000°C removed ∼3 log₁₀, while 500°C removed ∼7 log₁₀. Higher moisture content achieved nearly complete inactivation of spores at 750 and 1000°C. The results from this investigation may help operators assess their facility's methods for treating biosolids contaminated with high consequence persistent pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":520985,"journal":{"name":"Next research","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13138016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147849382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}