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Influence of atmospheric rivers on precipitation variability in British Columbia's Gaat Héeni (Silver Salmon River) Watershed. 大气河流对不列颠哥伦比亚省Gaat hsameni （Silver Salmon River）流域降水变率的影响

Discover atmosphere Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-15 DOI: 10.1007/s44292-026-00075-9

Devin J Wittig, Stephen J Déry

{"title":"Influence of atmospheric rivers on precipitation variability in British Columbia's Gaat Héeni (Silver Salmon River) Watershed.","authors":"Devin J Wittig, Stephen J Déry","doi":"10.1007/s44292-026-00075-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44292-026-00075-9","url":null,"abstract":"Atmospheric Rivers (ARs) are major drivers of precipitation across western North America, yet their role in inland, leeward watersheds of northwestern British Columbia remains poorly understood. This study develops the first watershed-scale AR climatology for British Columbia's Gaat Héeni (Silver Salmon River) Watershed, a snow-dominated basin that serves as the migration corridor for Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) returning to Gaat Áayi (Kuthai Lake). Using ERA5-Land reanalysis data (1991-2023) and the SIO-R1 AR Catalog, we quantify long-term precipitation variability and the contribution of ARs to precipitation at monthly, seasonal, and annual scales. Results from 1991 to 2023 reveal a cold, snowfall-dominated watershed with a mean annual air temperature of - 2.3 °C. Despite its proximity to the Pacific Ocean, the Gaat Héeni Watershed remains relatively dry with the 1991-2023 mean annual precipitation totaling 491.5 mm, of which 66.4% falls as snow. Over 1991-2023, ARs contribute between 15.9% and 37.9% of the seasonal precipitation, with fall (September-November) exhibiting the largest share (37.9%). Annual AR contributions to precipitation range from 16.4% to 37.8%, with a mean of 26.4% over the study period. While Mann-Kendall trend tests show no significant changes at annual or seasonal scales, September consistently exhibits significant trends in AR contributions to precipitation across all intervals (p = 0.044-0.049). This sub-seasonal signal points to September as a critical period of volatile AR influence on the Gaat Héeni Watershed as this coincides with Sockeye Salmon spawning migrations.","PeriodicalId":520478,"journal":{"name":"Discover atmosphere","volume":"4 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12907272/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146215459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Tahtsa Ranges Atmospheric River Experiment (TRARE): experimental design and case studies. Tahtsa山脉大气河实验（TRARE）：实验设计和案例研究。

Discover atmosphere Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1007/s44292-025-00040-y

Kelly M Hurley, Jeremy E Morris, Émile Cardinal, Derek E Gilbert, Anna R Kaveney, Bruno S Sobral, Hadleigh D Thompson, Julie M Thériault, Stephen J Déry

{"title":"The Tahtsa Ranges Atmospheric River Experiment (TRARE): experimental design and case studies.","authors":"Kelly M Hurley, Jeremy E Morris, Émile Cardinal, Derek E Gilbert, Anna R Kaveney, Bruno S Sobral, Hadleigh D Thompson, Julie M Thériault, Stephen J Déry","doi":"10.1007/s44292-025-00040-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44292-025-00040-y","url":null,"abstract":"In September and October 2021, the Tahtsa Ranges Atmospheric River Experiment (TRARE) was held in western Canada to collect detailed hydrometeorological data on atmospheric rivers and other mid-latitude storms impacting British Columbia's upper Nechako Watershed and surrounding regions. A total of 11 precipitation events including six atmospheric rivers yielded a cumulative precipitation total of 250 mm at Huckleberry Mine, our primary field site. This paper summarizes the TRARE experimental setup that included six principal field sites including Huckleberry Mine along with nine secondary ones where high-frequency (up to the minute-scale) hydrometeorological data were collected. This included an array of four micro rain radars, four optical disdrometers, four meteorological stations, a hotplate precipitation gauge, a weighing precipitation gauge, and a network of tipping bucket rain gauges plus water measurements including levels, discharge and temperatures for two alpine creeks and water levels for one lake. Additional measurements of vertical atmospheric profiles from radiosondes supplemented by in-situ visual observations at two sites provide a comprehensive database to characterize storm evolution and precipitation distribution in the area. The paper highlights sample data from two case studies including an intense atmospheric river that made landfall near the study area. The TRARE field campaign's accomplishments, challenges and lessons learned are then discussed. Furthermore, we report on the learning outcomes, outreach activities and communication strategy from TRARE. The paper closes with the next steps for atmospheric river monitoring and research in north-central British Columbia.","PeriodicalId":520478,"journal":{"name":"Discover atmosphere","volume":"3 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12130117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Model performance and surface impacts of atmospheric river events in Antarctica. 南极大气河流事件的模式性能和地表影响。

Discover atmosphere Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1007/s44292-025-00026-w

Marlen Kolbe, Jose Abraham Torres Alavez, Ruth Mottram, Richard Bintanja, Eveline C van der Linden, Martin Stendel

{"title":"Model performance and surface impacts of atmospheric river events in Antarctica.","authors":"Marlen Kolbe, Jose Abraham Torres Alavez, Ruth Mottram, Richard Bintanja, Eveline C van der Linden, Martin Stendel","doi":"10.1007/s44292-025-00026-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44292-025-00026-w","url":null,"abstract":"There is increasing evidence that atmospheric rivers (ARs) drive extreme precipitation and melt events across Antarctica and that these impacts are more accurately captured in high-resolution models. However, a comprehensive evaluation of AR impacts, comparing the performance of models with varying resolutions and physics across multiple AR events, has not yet been conducted. In this study, we simulate four recent AR events using the regional climate model HCLIM43 in its ALADIN (11 km) and AROME (11 km and 2.5 km) configurations, as well as ERA5 (31 km) and MERRA-2 (50 km), to analyze the dominant factors driving melt and precipitation and how spatial resolution and model physics affect surface impacts compared to observations. The events include intense snowfall and longwave radiation (Jun 2019), surface melt from foehn winds (Feb 2020), a large-scale heat anomaly driven by radiative and turbulent processes (Mar 2022), and inland surface warming after moisture is released by sea ice and ice shelves (Dec 2023). While all reanalyses and models underestimate surface warming and melt during these events, the high-resolution 2.5 km AROME configuration tends to simulate the most realistic precipitation and melt extents, largely due to its improved representation of foehn effects and reduced cloud biases. Longwave radiation generally dominates AR-induced warming, particularly over wider inland regions, while sensible heat fluxes are dominant in coastal and foehn-prone regions. Lastly, substantial differences among models/reanalyses in cloud phase and total cloud water paths underscore the need for improved cloud parameterizations and surface energy budget calculations.Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s44292-025-00026-w.","PeriodicalId":520478,"journal":{"name":"Discover atmosphere","volume":"3 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0