Oral (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献

{"title":"Trauma, Terror, and Toothpaste: Exploring Memories for Dental Visits Across a Range of Patient Fear.","authors":"Kelly A Daly, Jennie Ochshorn, Richard E Heyman, Ronni D Lipnitsky, Suher Baker, Adrianna O Rozbicka, Sidhant Athilat, Allan Pike","doi":"10.3390/oral5030065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oral5030065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Emotional fear memories are increasingly recognized as contributors to the development of specific fears and phobias. Despite this, relatively little dental fear research has specifically focused on patient memories or their potential role in the etiology of dental fear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This two-study paper employs qualitative thematic analysis of memories for dental visits among traumatized patients (study 1) and the general patient population (ranging from endorsing no dental fear to severe fear). Recollections were evaluated based on the characteristics (i.e., sensory descriptors, affectively laden, intrusive) of emotional fear memories (studies 1 and 2) and according to a modified cognitive vulnerability model of dental fear (study 2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Characteristics of emotional fear memories were ubiquitous across recollections of individuals who endorsed traumatic dental visits in childhood. Among the general patient population, these characteristics and cognitive vulnerability themes (particularly perceptions of the visit and dentist as dangerous and untrustworthy) were more prevalent in the earliest remembered visits for fearful individuals. When individuals were asked to recall their worst dental visits, emotional fear memory characteristics and vulnerability perceptions were evident across the spectrum of current fear (none to severe).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study contributes to nascent work examining memory in specific fears and phobias and suggests that worst recollections across a general sample share many of the characteristics that might otherwise imply vulnerability for anxiety. We recommend that dental practices universally screen patients for fear, inquire about past negative experiences, partner with patients to minimize evoking their specific vulnerabilities, and diligently implement these personalized care plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":520446,"journal":{"name":"Oral (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13120756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147794783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current AI Applications and Challenges in Oral Pathology.","authors":"Zaizhen Xu, Alice Lin, Xiaoyuan Han","doi":"10.3390/oral5010002","DOIUrl":"10.3390/oral5010002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly through machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and natural language processing (NLP), has shown remarkable promise in image analysis and clinical documentation in oral pathology. In order to explore the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in oral pathology, this review highlights key studies demonstrating current AI's improvement in oral pathology, such as detecting oral diseases accurately and streamlining diagnostic processes. However, several limitations, such as data quality, generalizability, legal and ethical considerations, financial constraints, and the need for paradigm shifts in practice, are critically examined. Addressing these challenges through collaborative efforts, robust validation, and strategic integration can pave the way for AI to revolutionize oral pathology, ultimately improving patient outcomes and advancing the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":520446,"journal":{"name":"Oral (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144061914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Mixed Methods Comparison of Oral Hygiene Behaviors by Gender Among Mexican-Origin Young Adults in California.","authors":"Melissa Yu, Guadalupe X Ayala, Melody K Schiaffino, Kristin S Hoeft, Vanessa Malcarne, Tracy L Finlayson","doi":"10.3390/oral5010005","DOIUrl":"10.3390/oral5010005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This mixed methods study explores gender differences in, and reasons for, toothbrushing and flossing among Mexican-origin adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Interviews and surveys about oral hygiene behaviors were collected from 72 adults (ages 21-40) living on the California-Mexico border. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed in their original language (English/Spanish), then coded. Survey responses were linked to coded transcripts in Dedoose. Qualitative reports were thematically analyzed for each behavior, stratified into four groups by gender and whether or not participants met American Dental Association (ADA) weekly guidelines (brushing ≥ 14/week; flossing ≥ 7/week). Self-reported weekly frequencies of brushing and flossing were collected continuously, and then dichotomized as meeting guidelines or not. Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square tests assessed differences in hygiene behavior frequency by gender. Negative binomial and logistic regressions were performed, accounting for socio-demographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 76% and 40% of adults met ADA guidelines for brushing and flossing, respectively. There were no differences in meeting ADA guidelines by gender. When brushing was examined continuously, women brushed 1.24 (1.05-1.47; <i>p</i> = 0.0099) times the rate of weekly brushing than men in the full model; flossing frequency differences were not found. Men and women, whether ADA guidelines were met or not, identified similar brushing and flossing facilitators (health concerns, aesthetics), and barriers (lack of time, not being home). Some women (mothers) were motivated to brush to be role models for their children. Self-efficacy, or confidence in ability to brush or floss, was described differently by adults who met ADA guidelines (high self-efficacy) compared to the adults not meeting guidelines (low self-efficacy).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Integrating quantitative and qualitative data obtained from Mexican-origin adults identified few differences in both oral hygiene behaviors and the factors that influence their enactment.</p>","PeriodicalId":520446,"journal":{"name":"Oral (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11887658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143589549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pre-Adoption Assessment of a Collaborative Care Approach to Dental-Fear Treatment.","authors":"Kelly A Daly, Richard E Heyman, Alison L Drew, Amy M Smith Slep, Rochelle Bubis, Jahyung Jai Lee, Victoria V V Pearce, Racquel Jones, Marissa Ruggiero, Mark S Wolff","doi":"10.3390/oral4040046","DOIUrl":"10.3390/oral4040046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With an estimated global prevalence rate of over 30%, dental fear is a ubiquitous public health phenomenon. Dental fear's adverse effects on patient oral health and quality of life are well established; the stresses and financial repercussions it can pose to providers are increasingly recognized. Although dental fear is highly treatable, a disseminable intervention that satisfies the needs of patients and dental care providers has yet to be realized.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We sought to understand allied dental professionals' experiences treating patients with dental fear and their impressions of, and receptivity to, a stepped-care approach, including perceived barriers and facilitators to its adoption.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirteen semi-structured focus groups comprising students in (a) current dental hygiene programs and (b) other dental programs, who had prior experience working as licensed dental hygienists or allied professionals (i.e., dental assistants, dental therapists, dental treatment coordinators; <i>N</i> = 49) were conducted. Focus group discussions were recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participant responses supported the need for innovation in managing dental fear in practices, and supported hygienists as likely facilitators of any new behavioral approach. Overall, participants were receptive to the idea of a stepped-care treatment approach but identified several factors (e.g., accessibility, costs, treatment credibility) that would need to be addressed for its adoption by patients and dental professionals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A stepped-care approach to dental fear treatment has promise to meet the needs of patients and dental professionals. Potential barriers and facilitators to adoption provide a roadmap for future intervention refinement and efficacy testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":520446,"journal":{"name":"Oral (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"4 4","pages":"589-599"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}