Crop health最新文献

{"title":"Controlled-release gel encapsulation: an emerging technology for delivering beneficial microorganisms in sustainable plant disease management.","authors":"Jingjing An, Xigang Wang, Gang Qiao, Chengjin Guo, Xiaojiao Li, Xianchao Sun","doi":"10.1007/s44297-026-00088-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44297-026-00088-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As climate change intensifies, the accelerated spread of plant diseases poses severe threats to global crop production, leading to substantial losses in yield, quality, and economic returns, thereby jeopardizing food security and agricultural sustainability. With increasing awareness of the environmental risks associated with chemical pesticides, eco-friendly alternatives are urgently needed. Although biological control represents a promising green strategy, its practical efficacy is often limited by poor microbial survival, low environmental stability, and short functional duration under field conditions. In response, controlled-release gel encapsulation technology has emerged as an innovative approach, integrating advances in materials science, microbiology, and plant pathology. By combining physical protection, controlled delivery, and induced resistance mechanisms, this technology significantly improves the viability, persistence, and performance of beneficial microorganisms in agricultural settings. This review systematically examines the application of controlled-release gel-based encapsulation of beneficial microbes in plant disease management, covering their mechanisms of action, material selection, encapsulation techniques, and practical benefits, while also addressing current challenges. Future perspectives should focus on the development of intelligent-responsive materials and the enhancement of the stability of target microorganisms. Moreover, the environmental safety and ecological sustainability of these materials should be evaluated using multi-omics and artificial intelligence technologies combined with systematic field validation and full life-cycle assessment. This review aims to establish a scientific foundation and offer strategic guidance for the practical application and optimization of controlled-release gel encapsulation technology in sustainable, green plant disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":519973,"journal":{"name":"Crop health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13594003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149019397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-DNA acts as an immunostimulant for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) that induces defense against pests and diseases and increases seed yield.","authors":"Dalia Durán-Flores, Martin Heil","doi":"10.1007/s44297-026-00086-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44297-026-00086-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Treating plants with plant-derived DNA triggers a strong and usually highly self/nonself-specific immune response. Several studies reported an induction of early signaling responses, resistance gene expression, and increased resistance to certain biotic stressors for self-DNA-treated Arabidopsis and also for crops like bean, lettuce, tomato, maize, or peach. These results indicate that self-DNA might bear potential as a tool for future strategies for a preventive biological pest control. However, it remains to be studied how DNA treatment affects different major defense hormones, to which degree responses at the early signaling levels predict the resistance at the phenotypic level, and whether the results of the earlier, lab-based studies would translate to the agronomic field. Here, we treated common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plantlets with self-DNA and with nonself-DNA from a congeneric species (lima bean, Phaseolus lunatus) and from a more distantly related species in the same family (Acacia farnesiana). We observed a self/nonself-specific induction of jasmonic acid only by self-DNA that was associated with decreased feeding by a chewing herbivore. By contrast, salicylic acid was induced by self- and nonself-DNA to similar degrees, which was also reflected in reduced population densities of several pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Most importantly, under open field conditions, a single self-DNA-treatment increased yield approximately 1.5-fold in the rainy season and 3.2-fold in the dry season. We suggest that self-DNA merits attention as a tool for future, preventive strategies in the biological control of pests and plant diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":519973,"journal":{"name":"Crop health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13554015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148915009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in semiochemicals of the sweet potato weevil, Cylas formicarius, and its application in pest management.","authors":"Shuyan He, Chao Li, Yulin Gao","doi":"10.1007/s44297-026-00087-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44297-026-00087-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sweet potato weevil (SPW), Cylas formicarius, is one of the most destructive pests of sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas L., across tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. The concealed feeding habits of larvae and the nocturnal activity of adults render conventional chemical-based control largely ineffective. Semiochemical-based management, especially the use of female-produced sex pheromone, has emerged as a promising strategy for integrated pest management (IPM) for this pest insect. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the chemical ecology of C. formicarius, including the identification and behavioral activity of the sex pheromone, the diversity and ecological functions of sweet potato plant volatiles, their roles in SPW's host finding, oviposition, and direct defense, and the development of optimized trapping systems. Applications of the sex pheromone in monitoring, mass trapping, and mating disruption are discussed, together with factors influencing trap efficacy, such as design, color, height, dose, and lure longevity. The integration of pheromone-based tactics with host plant resistance and biological control agents is also addressed. Future research directions for improving the practical use of semiochemicals against this serious pest are proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":519973,"journal":{"name":"Crop health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13542018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148890153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression and immunoassay application of full-length recombinant antibody recognizing chlorantraniliprole using Pichia pastoris expression system.","authors":"Lianrun Huang, Panpan Cui, Yang Zhang, Yanling Wu, Yuan Ding, Maojun Jin, Xiude Hua","doi":"10.1007/s44297-026-00085-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44297-026-00085-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Full-length recombinant antibodies (rAbs) expressed in yeast offer the advantage of a eukaryotic system ensuring proper folding and bioactivity, along with high yield and low cost. In this study, plasmids encoding the light chain and heavy chain of the anti-chlorantraniliprole monoclonal antibody (mAb) were constructed under the control of inducible alcohol oxidase promoters and equipped with secretory signal peptides. Subsequently, the rAb was expressed in Pichia pastoris and further utilized to develop a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). The visual limit of detection (vLOD) of the rAb-based LFIA was 0.63 ng/mL, which was twofold lower than that of the mAb-based LFIA. Validated via recovery experiments, the rAb-LFIA demonstrated that the vLOD of chlorantraniliprole in rice, apple, and grape samples complied with the maximum residue limits specified in Chinese and European Union food safety standards. Moreover, the rAb-LFIA exhibited reliability comparable to that of UPLC-MS/MS in the detection of blind samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":519973,"journal":{"name":"Crop health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13504142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148815454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A versatile, low-cost, and reusable hydroponic system for the cultivation of plants of various species.","authors":"Jingxiong Zhang, Xin Zhang, Min Qian, Jianqiang Wu","doi":"10.1007/s44297-026-00084-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44297-026-00084-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydroponic systems are important tools in plant research, as the roots of plants cultivated in hydroponic systems can be easily observed, treated, and sampled. However, the application of many hydroponic systems in research is constrained by species specificity, high costs, and complex assembly requirements. To address these limitations, we developed a versatile, low-cost, and easy-to-assemble hydroponic system capable of supporting the growth of multiple plant species. Here, we demonstrate successful hydroponic cultivation of eight dicotyledonous plant species, including model plants (Arabidopsis and Nicotiana benthamiana), horticultural crops (tomato and cucumber), and staple crops (soybean). Importantly, N. benthamiana, Arabidopsis, tomato, and soybean can complete their entire life cycles in this hydroponic system and ultimately produce mature seeds. This hydroponic cultivation system has a wide range of applications, particularly for the study of root physiology, host‒parasitic plant interactions, biotic and abiotic stress assays, and root exudates. This system provides a practical platform for plant research in laboratories.</p>","PeriodicalId":519973,"journal":{"name":"Crop health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13442767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148681833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crop health management for food and nutritional security and soil health.","authors":"Rattan Lal","doi":"10.1007/s44297-026-00083-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44297-026-00083-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of \"crop health\" is in accordance with the \"one health\" approach, which states that \"health of soil, plants, animals, people, ecosystems, and the planetary processes is one and indivisible.\" It specifically implies vigor and growth of crop plants, resilience against biotic and abiotic stresses, and ability to produce adequate amounts of nutritious and safe food while also protecting and restoring soil health and the environmental quality. The One Health approach is gaining momentum because of the widespread and persistent problems of undernutrition and malnutrition along with environmental degradation, especially in low-income countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Latin America. The \"Crop Health\" approach is pertinent in the current era of escalating global warming, aggravating soil degradation, dwindling biodiversity, decreasing quality and renewability of water resources, the ever-growing problem of food and nutritional insecurity, and increasing risks of war and political instability. The strong interconnectivity of the nexus of soil, environment, and crop health is the driver of growing interest in the Crop Health approach and its management by improving soil health and environment quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":519973,"journal":{"name":"Crop health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13447651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148681836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional conservation of IR75q.2 in the recognition of volatile acids and aldehydes in two Spodoptera species.","authors":"Jin-Meng Guo, Ji-Xiang Wang, Yu He, Xuan-Pu Luan, Zhi-Qiang Wei, Xiao-Long Liu, George F Obiero, Qi Yan, Shuang-Lin Dong, Jin Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s44297-026-00082-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44297-026-00082-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ionotropic receptors (IRs) serve as important chemosensory receptors for the perception of diverse ecological volatiles in insects, but their specific functions in Lepidoptera remain largely unexplored. This study systematically compared the ligand recognition profiles and key binding residues of the highly expressed IR75q.2 receptor in two Spodoptera species. Phylogenetic and conserved motif analyses revealed sequence and structural conservation of the IR75 receptors across five noctuid species. Transcriptome data analysis further showed that IR75q.2 had the highest expression in the antennae among the clade, suggesting its importance in olfaction. Functional assays using the Xenopus oocyte expression system showed that IR75q.2 from two Spodoptera species displayed conserved ligand response profile, responding to three medium-chain fatty acids and their corresponding aldehydes, with nonanoic acid as the strongest ligand. Molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis further identified Phe284/285 and Arg289/290 as conserved key residues involved in nonanoic acid recognition by IR75q.2. Finally, nonanoic acid was determined to elicit both electrophysiological and behavioral responses in adults of the two Spodoptera species. Taken together, our study reveals conserved ligand recognition profiles and key binding residues of IR75q.2 in two Spodoptera species, providing insights into the functional evolution of IR75 clade in the olfactory system.</p>","PeriodicalId":519973,"journal":{"name":"Crop health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13388880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148538064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon farming strategies for mediterranean agriculture: the role of biochar in climate-smart agroecosystems.","authors":"Daniele Borgatti, Emanuele Radicetti, Roberto Mancinelli, Lorenzo Coluccia, Mohamed Allam, Aftab Jamal, Zainul Abideen, Muhammad Ahsan, Mortadha Ben Hassine","doi":"10.1007/s44297-026-00081-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44297-026-00081-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mediterranean agriculture is increasingly constrained by climate change-driven stresses, including rising temperatures, intensified drought, and soil organic matter depletion, all of which threaten crop health and yield stability. Carbon farming has emerged as a strategy to integrate climate mitigation with agricultural resilience, and biochar represents a distinctive tool within this framework due to its capacity for long-term carbon sequestration and soil modification. This review synthesizes peer-reviewed studies published between 1999 and 2025 to assess the role of biochar in Mediterranean agroecosystems, with a specific focus on crop health outcomes. Across Mediterranean systems, biochar consistently increases soil organic carbon stocks through the addition of recalcitrant carbon forms and generally reduces nitrous oxide emissions while carbon dioxide emissions remain neutral. However, methane emissions may increase under warm and moist conditions, highlighting the importance of comprehensive greenhouse gas accounting. Biochar improves crop performance primarily when it alleviates limiting soil constraints, particularly in degraded or coarse-textured soils, under water-limited or saline conditions, and in perennial cropping systems. Long-term benefits are most evident in tree crops and vineyards, and legumes often show positive responses linked to enhanced nutrient availability and rhizosphere functioning. In contrast, cereal and leafy vegetable crops exhibit more variable responses, including neutral or negative effects under non-limiting conditions. Overall, biochar is most effective when applied selectively at moderate rates (approximately 10-30 Mg ha⁻¹) and integrated with complementary climate-smart practices. Future research should prioritize long-term, crop-centered assessments and methane mitigation strategies to support context-specific biochar deployment in Mediterranean agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":519973,"journal":{"name":"Crop health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13369108/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148440610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory role of epigenetics in rice immunity against bacterial and fungal pathogens.","authors":"Gulmeena Shah, Habib Ullah, Lin Chen, Amir Zaman Shah, Rozina Shaheen, Jinglan Liu, Weiwen Kong","doi":"10.1007/s44297-026-00080-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44297-026-00080-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rice (Oryza sativa), a major crop, faces significant threats from various pathogens, which affect global food security. Recent research in plant biology highlights the crucial role of epigenetic mechanisms in regulating rice immunity. Epigenetics involves heritable changes in gene expression without alterations to the DNA sequence, mediated by DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs. This review critically evaluates the role of epigenetics in rice immunity, focusing on key epigenetic modifications and their impact on disease resistance, including WRKY transcription factors and epigenetic regulatory factors, such as RdDM (RNA-directed DNA methylation). These epigenetic regulators enable rice plants to dynamically withstand pathogen attacks by modulating the expression of defense-related genes. This review evaluates the epigenetic responses of rice to major pathogens, including Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) and Xanthomonas oryzae (Xoo). We move beyond simple descriptions of epigenetic marks to analyze the functional integration of these pathways and their trade-offs with plant growth. Finally, we discuss the potential of \"epigenetic breeding\" and CRISPR-based epi-editing as a sustainable frontier for developing broad-spectrum resistance in rice. Future research should focus on identifying specific epigenetic markers associated with resistance traits and integrating epigenetic approaches with traditional breeding and biotechnological methods to achieve sustainable rice production and ensure food security in the face of evolving pathogen threats.</p>","PeriodicalId":519973,"journal":{"name":"Crop health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13319856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148364769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leptochloa chinensis identified as a new reservoir host of southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus.","authors":"Pengpeng Ren, Jianing Lei, Yuhua Qi, Mengnan Chen, Zhuangxin Ye, Zhiming Chen, Jianping Chen, Chuanxi Zhang, Junmin Li, Jiangxing Wu, Qianzhuo Mao","doi":"10.1007/s44297-026-00079-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44297-026-00079-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) is a destructive pathogen of rice that is transmitted by the white-backed planthopper (WBPH, Sogatella furcifera). Identifying infectious reservoirs within the SRBSDV cycle is critical for developing effective disease management strategies. This research identifies Chinese sprangletop (Leptochloa chinensis), a noxious weed commonly found in rice ecosystems, as a previously unrecognized natural host of SRBSDV. SRBSDV infection was detected in L. chinensis samples collected from rice paddies exhibiting SRBSDV symptoms. Transcriptomic analyses, observation of SRBSDV virions, and typical profiles of SRBSDV-derived small interfering RNAs provided evidence of active, low-level, and asymptomatic viral infection. Genomic comparisons revealed minor genetic divergence in the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) gene, suggesting host-specific adaptation without compromising transmissibility. Further investigations using transmission experiments demonstrated that WBPHs microinjected with SRBSDV obtained from L. chinensis efficiently transmitted the virus to rice seedlings at a rate of 35.7%. This study emphasizes the necessity of integrating weed management into SRBSDV control strategies to disrupt viral reservoirs and mitigate outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":519973,"journal":{"name":"Crop health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13304047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148321613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}