Tim K. Tsang, Richael Q. R. Du, Vicky J. Fang, Eric H. Y. Lau, Kwok Hung Chan, Daniel K. W. Chu, Dennis K. M. Ip, J. S. Malik Peiris, Gabriel M. Leung, Simon Cauchemez, Benjamin J. Cowling
{"title":"Decreased risk of non-influenza respiratory infection after influenza B virus infection in children","authors":"Tim K. Tsang, Richael Q. R. Du, Vicky J. Fang, Eric H. Y. Lau, Kwok Hung Chan, Daniel K. W. Chu, Dennis K. M. Ip, J. S. Malik Peiris, Gabriel M. Leung, Simon Cauchemez, Benjamin J. Cowling","doi":"10.1017/s0950268824000542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268824000542","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Previous studies suggest that influenza virus infection may provide temporary non-specific immunity and hence lower the risk of non-influenza respiratory virus infection. In a randomized controlled trial of influenza vaccination, 1 330 children were followed-up in 2009–2011. Respiratory swabs were collected when they reported acute respiratory illness and tested against influenza and other respiratory viruses. We used Poisson regression to compare the incidence of non-influenza respiratory virus infection before and after influenza virus infection. Based on 52 children with influenza B virus infection, the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of non-influenza respiratory virus infection after influenza virus infection was 0.47 (95% confidence interval: 0.27–0.82) compared with before infection. Simulation suggested that this IRR was 0.87 if the temporary protection did not exist. We identified a decreased risk of non-influenza respiratory virus infection after influenza B virus infection in children. Further investigation is needed to determine if this decreased risk could be attributed to temporary non-specific immunity acquired from influenza virus infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":519253,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology & Infection","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140617977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}