Revista Catalana d'Ornitologia最新文献

{"title":"Atypical song of Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla","authors":"B. Garcia-Espluga, M.A. Garcia-Reàdigos","doi":"10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"The song of the Eurasian Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla consists of two distinct parts: an initial chattering of different harsh notes followed by a louder, fluting warble. However, some enigmatic individuals present an atypical version of their song characterised by a remarkable simplification of the traditional rich fluting warble. This study documents the unprecedented observation in the Iberian Peninsula of an atypical singer in Els Ports Natural Park (Catalonia, NE Spain). This bird exhibited distinct behavior including perching high in trees and intense morning singing, in addition to the atypical song marked by the substitution of the rich fluting warble by a monotonous series of approximately 15 similar notes. In a meticulous analysis of atypical Blackcap recordings on the online portal xeno-canto, we identified 12 cases of similar atypical singers distributed across Europe. We compared the vocal patterns of these atypical singers with the well-known Blackcap song variant leiern and concluded that there are important differences. People participating in common bird censuses should be aware of this variability in Eurasian Blackcap songs and the occurrence of atypical singers to avoid misidentification. The description and reporting of such observations will help improve knowledge of the complex subject of bird vocalisations.","PeriodicalId":516991,"journal":{"name":"Revista Catalana d'Ornitologia","volume":"28 9-10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139895318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sound amplitude (dB) of male Western Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus","authors":"O. Jordi, A. Farina, S. Mañosa","doi":"10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of the true amplitude (dB) of sound signals is necessary for calculating how far they can travel and the distance at which they can be detected, two crucial aspects for planning bio-acoustic sampling protocols, particularly if endangered species such as the Western Capercaillie are involved. In order to be able to measure the true emission amplitude of male Western Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus calls, we recorded 90 repetitions of the call of a single male using a calibrated microphone located 1 m away from the bird. In this way, we were able to determine for the first time the true amplitude of a calling male Western Capercaillie in the Alt Pyrenees Natural Park, which turned out to be 67.68 ± 0.83 dB. Considering the characteristics of our microphone, this gives an average maximum detection distance of 174.8 m, important information for optimising future bio-acoustic detection and monitoring studies.","PeriodicalId":516991,"journal":{"name":"Revista Catalana d'Ornitologia","volume":"48 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139895488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding on migratory butterflies: opportunistic observations of birds preying on the Painted Lady Vanessa cardui","authors":"C. Stefanescu","doi":"10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Many butterfly species are often seen with severe wing damage, which is regarded as evidence of unsuccessful predation, most likely by insectivorous birds. However, observations of bird predation are rare for the vast majority of butterflies. During a long-term study of the ecology of the Painted Lady Vanessa cardui, a common migratory butterfly, a high frequency of wing damage was noted, especially in North African populations. Attacks by several bird species were confirmed during fieldwork which, along with a number of published and unpublished records from ornithological colleagues, are reported in this note. Twenty-four bird species have been recorded preying on the Painted Lady in the Palaearctic-Afrotropical region. Records from eight additional species from the Nearctic region were obtained from photographs and from the literature. With 16 families (13 passerines and three non-passerines), this bird community embraces a notable diversity of morphologies and prey-capture techniques. The most represented families were the Tyrannidae, the Sylviidae and the Turdidae while the species most frequently recorded as predators were European Bee-eater Merops apiaster, Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus, White-crowned Wheater Oenanthe leucopyga, and Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis. Most observations occurred in March–April and October when the Painted Lady migrates in large numbers, suggesting that a sudden increase in abundance may lead to a regular use of this resource by predators. Moreover, unsuccessful attacks are common, which suggests that butterflies may quite often escape with some form of wing damage. The consequences these interactions have on butterfly populations are speculative but deserve further study.","PeriodicalId":516991,"journal":{"name":"Revista Catalana d'Ornitologia","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139895606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La Red Natura 2000 y las rapaces agroesteparias: el cernícalo primilla en la ZEPA ES435 Área esteparia de la margen derecha del río Guadarrama","authors":"I. Salgado, F. Bustamante","doi":"10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Conservation biologists have questioned the effectiveness of the Natura 2000 network in conserving farmland birds. The Lesser Kestrel population in the SPA ES435 Área esteparia de la margen derecha del río Guadarrama and surrounding areas increased by 11.8% between 1997–1999 and 2019. However, the loss of nesting sites due to building collapse or restoration, the loss of foraging habitat, such as fallow land and field margins, due to agricultural intensification, and the spread of woody crops and solar photovoltaic power stations threaten this Lesser Kestrel population. Furthermore, SPA ES435 protects less than half of this Lesser Kestrel breeding population. It is necessary to enlarge SPAs to cover IBAs and encourage low-intensity farming (habitat quality compensates for habitat loss) within the Natura 2000 network in order to conserve the lesser kestrel and other farmland birds listed in Annex I of the Directive 2009/147/EC.","PeriodicalId":516991,"journal":{"name":"Revista Catalana d'Ornitologia","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139895688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population size and factors influencing the distribution of the urban pigeon Columba livia f. domestica in Pamplona","authors":"J. Arizaga, X. Esparza, L.M. Carrascal","doi":"10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The environmental and trophic conditions of cities often give rise to very large populations of urban pigeons Columba livia f. domestica, which can cause local health and heritage problems due to accumulations of their droppings. Estimating the size of pigeon populations and defining their spatial patterns of abundance are therefore crucial for effective pigeon management in built-up areas. This article estimates the abundance of pigeons in Pamplona and the factors that explain the variability of pigeon abundance at local level. The Random Forest model of abundance at a local scale of 0.25 km2 cells had very high explanatory power, although its predictive power decreased due to this species’ gregariousness. Abundance decreased with increasing distance from the city centre, and from historic buildings and large parks, but increased as the proportion of the area covered by parks and built-up areas increased. The rock pigeon population in Pamplona was estimated at 8,030 individuals (95% CI: 6,483–9,860). The estimated density of urban pigeons for Pamplona as a whole was, on average, 218 birds/km2, although this figure varied considerably between habitats and areas: the highest values were measured in urban areas with historic buildings (exceeding 600 individuals/km2; in 35.8% of the 0.25 km2 cells, more than 200 individuals were estimated). Pigeon densities fell to ca. 250 birds/km2 in urban areas lacking large parks or green spaces whether near or far from historic buildings. In the peri-urban areas (i.e. arable fields, scrub and woodland), densities decreased to around 10–50 individuals/km2. In the city of Pamplona, although the population density of urban pigeons did not reach the numbers observed in other northern Spanish cities such as Barcelona, the habitat preference patterns in urban gradients are consistent with those documented in other European regions. We identify specific urban areas for population control and recommend measures such as feeding bans and waste and facade management to make it difficult for urban pigeons to access roosting and breeding sites in buildings.","PeriodicalId":516991,"journal":{"name":"Revista Catalana d'Ornitologia","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139895691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic approaches for assessing the conservation status of Scopoli’s Shearwater Calonectris diomedea and the Balearic Shearwater Puffinus mauretanicus","authors":"M. Genovart, J.M. Arcos, S. Catchot, R. Escandell, D. García, T. Guilford, J. Igual, M. Louzao, M. McMinn, A. Sanz-Aguilar, G. Tavecchia, D. Oro","doi":"10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"In the north-western Mediterranean there are two breeding species of procellariforms from the Procellariidae family: Scopoli’s shearwater Calonectris diomedea and the Balearic shearwater Puffinus mauretanicus. Long-term monitoring carried out in a number of breeding colonies provides enough data to be able to assess the conservation status of both species using demographic approaches that estimate parameters such as survival, recruitment and fertility. This type of approach is recommended because it provides a reliable conservation diagnosis and knowledge of the processes that determine variations in population dynamics. Both species were found to have critically low adult survival rates, unexpected in such long-lived species, which makes these populations unviable under current conditions. This agrees with previous available information on incidental bycatch on fishing gears, and confirms that this threat, together with predation by terrestrial carnivores are of critical concern for the conservation of the populations. The fact that some of the breeding colonies did not show a declining trend indicates that several compensatory mechanisms, such as an immigration rescue effect, may be acting at local level. Nevertheless, all the evidence gathered to date suggests that these compensatory mechanisms are not permanent and that if no action is taken these populations could become extinct. In the case of Scopolis’ shearwater, the global population is much more abundant, so there may be time for mitigation actions to be undertaken. Given the size of the breeding population of Balearic shearwaters, we recommend urgent measures be carried out to reduce adult mortality in this endemic species to prevent its extinction.","PeriodicalId":516991,"journal":{"name":"Revista Catalana d'Ornitologia","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139895461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of polymelia in the Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus","authors":"Gimeno X. Tomàs","doi":"10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Polymelia is a malformation consisting of the presence of supernumerary limbs. Although relatively common in farm animals and anurans, it is quite rare in wild vertebrates and, especially, birds. I describe here the case of a Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus seen in Barcelona (Catalonia, NE Spain) in January and February 2023 that had an atrophic leg originating from the distal posteromedial part of its right tibiotarsus. It was a healthy-looking bird, apparently in its second winter, and showed normal behaviour with no visible signs of any other pathology or malfunction. We are only aware of one previous case of polymelia in gulls and this is the first time it has been reported in a Black-headed Gull. It is also good example of survival in a bird affected by polymelia.","PeriodicalId":516991,"journal":{"name":"Revista Catalana d'Ornitologia","volume":"49 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139895460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mediterranean Storm-petrel, Bluefin Tuna fish-farms and the storm Gloria: the ‘perfect storm’","authors":"P. Josa, J. Solé, L. Soliño","doi":"10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"In 2021 we published a six-year study (2015–2020) of the occurrence of the Mediterranean Storm-petrel Hydrobates pelagicus spp. melitensis around a Mediterranean Bluefin Tuna Thun- nus thynnus fish-farm, where high concentrations took place during spring and summer. Great abundances of storm-petrels were recorded in 2020, with more than 100 individuals registered throughout April–August, whereas in previous years only a few individuals had been detected in June–July. These figures suggest either an increasing trend of storm-petrel occurrence in the area (i.e. by learning) or an exceptional episode, probably related to storm Gloria in January 2020. Here, we present the results of censuses undertaken in 2021–2022 whose numbers were lower than those registered in 2020 in May–July. This supports the idea that the events occurring in southern Catalonia after storm Gloria created the ‘perfect storm’ for storm-petrels in this area.","PeriodicalId":516991,"journal":{"name":"Revista Catalana d'Ornitologia","volume":"107 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139895647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential effects of avian predators on the behaviour of the Little Bustard Tetrax tetrax during the display season in a cereal pseudo-steppe","authors":"S. Mañosa, M. Julià, F. Oliva, R. Guillem, L. Moreno-Zárate, D. Giralt, G. Bota","doi":"10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62102/2340-3764.2023.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The Little Bustard Tetrax tetrax is an endangered steppe bird whose last remaining breeding populations in Catalonia (NW Spain) are located in the Lleida plains. Although the decline in this population is mainly associated with habitat loss and degradation due to agricultural intensification and urban encroachment, the proliferation of predators, some favoured by hu- mans, may also be having negative effects on this population, either through direct predation or indirect effects on behaviour and survival. Here, we describe the type of behavioural response exhibited by Little Bustards during the display season when they encounter a potential avian predator and discuss the possible indirect effects of these interactions. During counts carried out in the springs of 2010–2022 in three Special Protection Areas in the Lleida plains, 88 encounters between Little Bustards and eight species of avian predators were recorded. Among them, the Western Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus, Montagu’s Harrier C. pygargus and the Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis were the most frequent species involved in these encounters, although only the Yellow-legged Gull conducted deliberate attacks in a consistent way. Irrespective of the predator or its attitude, most encounters resulted in the Little Bustard being flushed. The number of encounters were higher at the beginning of the mating season, which may prevent Little Bustards from settling in otherwise suitable areas of habitat. The flushing of the bustards may increase the risk of collision with power lines and reduce mating success. Since the number of encounters between Yellow-legged Gulls and Little Bustards seems to have increased in recent years in the study area, we believe that there is a need to conduct further studies to understand how these interactions affect the population dynamics and conservation of this endangered species.","PeriodicalId":516991,"journal":{"name":"Revista Catalana d'Ornitologia","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139895694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}