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Llull Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas最新文献

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A stage in the recent history of the National Museum of Natural Sciences (1970-1985) told by its protagonists 国家自然科学博物馆近代史上的一个阶段（1970-1985 年），由其主人公讲述
Llull Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.martin
Carolina Martín Albaladejo, Soraya Peña de Camus Sáez
{"title":"A stage in the recent history of the National Museum of Natural Sciences (1970-1985) told by its protagonists","authors":"Carolina Martín Albaladejo, Soraya Peña de Camus Sáez","doi":"10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.martin","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.martin","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a singular study highlighting how oral sources can be a fundamental tool in historical reconstruction. The stage in which the study is located is that of the 70s and 80s of the 20th century and the protagonist is the National Museum of Natural Sciences. It will be shown how the data provided through interviews with Museum professionals or those related to it, once contrasted with those obtained from conventional sources (archive and bibliographic material), serve to complement and/or ratify situations of special relevance in the history of the institution. Two cases are tested, the general state of the Museum, its collections, exhibitions and research in the aforementioned period, and its reunification at the end of 1984 incorporating the Spanish Institute of Entomology, the Institute of Geology and the Museum itself into a single center.","PeriodicalId":513232,"journal":{"name":"Llull Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas","volume":"47 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141269946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Water gas: between the alternative and disappointment in the mid-nineteenth century 水煤气：十九世纪中叶的选择与失望之间
Llull Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.barca
Francesc X. Barca-Salom
{"title":"Water gas: between the alternative and disappointment in the mid-nineteenth century","authors":"Francesc X. Barca-Salom","doi":"10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.barca","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.barca","url":null,"abstract":"By the middle of the 19th century, gas lighting had reached a good level of implementation in some European countries. In France, lighting based on coal distillation had been implemented in many towns, resisting the emergence of other alternatives such as wood gas or resin gas. However, some drawbacks remained that led some inventors to make advances in obtaining hydrogen gas from water. The procedure was not unknown, but it had not gone beyond the laboratory phase. The transition to the industrial phase occurred in the 1850s with the work of some French inventors and with its subsequent application in some factories in this country. In this paper we study the advances and resistance that were generated in France in the development of water gas in those years. In addition, we delve into the repercussions that these new techniques had in Spain, either in the proposed applications or in those carried out.","PeriodicalId":513232,"journal":{"name":"Llull Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas","volume":"29 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141268709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Madrid Científico (1894-1936): the defense of professional engineering, technical instruction, and scientific communication 马德里科学》（1894-1936 年）：捍卫专业工程、技术指导和科学传播
Llull Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.sierra
Javier Sierra de la Torre
{"title":"Madrid Científico (1894-1936): the defense of professional engineering, technical instruction, and scientific communication","authors":"Javier Sierra de la Torre","doi":"10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.sierra","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.sierra","url":null,"abstract":"Madrid Científico was a tecno-scientific communication periodical published between 1894 and 1936 that has so far received almost no attention by historians of science. This comes as a surprise since it was a very successful journal aimed first at professional engineers but which soon became a science popularization journal for larger audiences. The editors managed to continue publishing issues for almost four decades without any institutional support, assuming the role of true advocates for Spanish professional engineers through critical and dissenting evaluation of their profession. This article conducts and analysis of the magazine’s contents and argues that a significant number of its editors and contributors considered themselves not only as specialists in the application of technical knowledge but also as “scientists” in the fullest sense of the term. It is inferred from this that civil and military engineers, both individually and collectively, played a prominent role in shaping public perceptions of science in Spain during the first third of the 20th century.","PeriodicalId":513232,"journal":{"name":"Llull Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141272323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Resistance to the Basque smallpox inoculation campaign of 1771: acts and protagonists 抵制 1771 年巴斯克天花接种运动：行动与主角
Llull Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.ochoa
Javier Esteban-Ochoa-de-Eribe
{"title":"Resistance to the Basque smallpox inoculation campaign of 1771: acts and protagonists","authors":"Javier Esteban-Ochoa-de-Eribe","doi":"10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.ochoa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.ochoa","url":null,"abstract":"This work is an attempt to identify and analyse some of the acts of resistance faced by the smallpox inoculation campaign of the Basque provinces of Spain started at 1771. First, the author describes the main features of said campaign. Second, he focuses on the unpublished work Impugnación contra algunos médicos de Guipúzcoa y Vizcaya sobre materia de viruelas y inoculación, written by the antiinoculationist priest Francisco Ygnacio López de Luzuriaga. Third, he outilnes other acts of resistance that help to put the work into context. Overall, the work offers a historical approach to those who opposed the inoculation of smallpox.","PeriodicalId":513232,"journal":{"name":"Llull Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141271595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Social Darwinism and nutrition: Fernando Monckeberg’s role in the malnutrition eradication program during the Chilean military dictatorship 社会达尔文主义与营养：费尔南多-蒙克伯格在智利军事独裁期间消除营养不良计划中的作用
Llull Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.robinson
César Leyton Robinson
{"title":"Social Darwinism and nutrition: Fernando Monckeberg’s role in the malnutrition eradication program during the Chilean military dictatorship","authors":"César Leyton Robinson","doi":"10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.robinson","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.robinson","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the malnutrition eradication plan devised and overseen by paediatrician and nutritionist Fernando Monckeberg within the framework of the malnutrition eradication policies implemented by the Chilean military dictatorship during the 1970s and 1980s. It also examines the theoretical and conceptual aspects developed by this author within the context of renewed social Darwinism, with eugenic consequences, such as “sociogenic damage” and the relationship between nutrition and intellectual development. It subsequently analyses practical and technical aspects encompassing the principles of healthcare intervention in populations, the relationship between nutrition and hygiene, and their implications for housing policies. In addition, the inherent contradictions and challenges associated with implementing social action programs amid the backdrop of a neoliberal dictatorship are considered.","PeriodicalId":513232,"journal":{"name":"Llull Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas","volume":"40 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141270302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A study on the initial impact of the news of the discovery of X-rays in Spanish society 关于 X 射线发现的消息在西班牙社会的初步影响的研究
Llull Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.gomez
Javier Gómez-Sellés
{"title":"A study on the initial impact of the news of the discovery of X-rays in Spanish society","authors":"Javier Gómez-Sellés","doi":"10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.gomez","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.gomez","url":null,"abstract":"The news of the discovery of X-rays spread rapidly throughout Europe, including Spain. In Spain, the news surpassed the academic field, becoming popular through different channels, mainly through the shocking image of the skeleton of a hand. X rays captured the attention of writers and thinkers; they influenced journalism and language; they appeared in advertisements associated with both medical cabinets and miracle products; But, above all, X rays became a metaphor for science as an illuminator of the shadows that accompany the human being. The impressive impact that X-rays discovery had on society at the end of the 19th century has been studied by different authors in the United States, Germany, or France. So far, however, it seems that there has been little discussion about which effects had this fact on Spanish society. Therefore, this paper is aimed to reproduce the diffusion and initial influence of the news of the discovery of X-rays in Spanish society at the end of the 19th century, beyond the scientific, medical, or purely academic field, in order to help to reconstruct the birth process of the use of ionizing radiation in Spain, concluding that it had a similar impact to that of the neighboring countries.","PeriodicalId":513232,"journal":{"name":"Llull Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas","volume":"27 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141270531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Argos. Start-up of an experimental nuclear reactor in Barcelona 阿尔戈斯在巴塞罗那启动实验核反应堆
Llull Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.acosta
Faustino Acosta Ortega
{"title":"Argos. Start-up of an experimental nuclear reactor in Barcelona","authors":"Faustino Acosta Ortega","doi":"10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.acosta","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47101/llull.2024.47.94.acosta","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides information about the construction and development of an experimental nuclear reactor in Barcelona, its operation, and subsequent dismantling. The influence that the conferences in Geneva in 1955 and 1958 and the experimental reactors presented there had on the selection of the Argonaut-type reactor is highlighted. Articles published between 1958 and 1962 that provide technical details about the reactor’s construction process are mentioned and described. The reactor’s dismantling process is also discussed. Additionally, the involvement of institutions and persons in the reactor’s development, as well as the training of technicians who participated in its construction, are also cited.","PeriodicalId":513232,"journal":{"name":"Llull Revista de la Sociedad Española de Historia de las Ciencias y de las Técnicas","volume":"33 49","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141270703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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