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The Empire Cites Back: The Occlusion of Non-Western Histories of IR 
and the Case of India 帝国的回引：非西方投资者关系史的闭塞与印度案例
International Studies Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1177/00208817241247174
Martin J. Bayly
{"title":"The Empire Cites Back: The Occlusion of Non-Western Histories of IR \u2028and the Case of India","authors":"Martin J. Bayly","doi":"10.1177/00208817241247174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00208817241247174","url":null,"abstract":"The call for a ‘global’ and ‘post-Western’ international relations (IR) discipline is rightly gathering momentum, yet arguably this research agenda contains presumptions as to the absence of a historical tradition of IR thinking in places such as India. Turning attention to marginalized histories of Indian IR, this commentary on the global IR debate offers a historical corrective to these presumptions and calls for greater attention to extra-European disciplinary histories. In so doing, important patterns of co-constitution reveal the connected histories of disciplinary development that challenge the analytical categories that often characterize the global IR and post-Western IR literature. A more historicized global IR debate offers a fruitful research agenda that explores the multiple connected beginnings of IR as a global discipline responsive to a variety of intellectual lineages, encompassing a variety of political purposes and revealing entanglements of imperial and anti-imperial knowledge.","PeriodicalId":512609,"journal":{"name":"International Studies","volume":" 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140998327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding China’s Grand Strategy Through the Belt and Road 
Initiative 通过 "一带一路 "倡议了解中国的大战略
International Studies Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1177/00208817241247665
Gadde Omprasad
{"title":"Understanding China’s Grand Strategy Through the Belt and Road \u2028Initiative","authors":"Gadde Omprasad","doi":"10.1177/00208817241247665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00208817241247665","url":null,"abstract":"China’s transition from a country striving for self-reliance in the 1950s to the world’s dominant power in 2020 is remarkable. The economic and foreign policies it followed during various phases of development helped the country to achieve the targets and goals that it set up for itself. The ambitious Belt and Road Initiative by President Xi Jinping to rebuild old Silk routes and to build new connectivity projects containing road, rail and sea transport corridors include in China’s Grand Strategy. That is to achieve self-sufficiency of up to 70% in advanced technology sectors by 2025 and to reach a preeminent position in the world by 2049. This includes protecting security interests as well as the flow of energy resources required for a steady progress. The article provides an overview of China’s progress and plans from Mao’s regime to Xi Jinping’s presidentship. In the process, it explains China’s changed priorities, interests and how foreign policy also changed according to the changing economic policies.","PeriodicalId":512609,"journal":{"name":"International Studies","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141008465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The ’Strategic Relations’ and Its Forms: An Attempt at Conceptualisation 战略关系 "及其形式：概念化尝试
International Studies Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1177/00208817241234161
Masoud Abdi, Seyed Abdolazim Mousavi
{"title":"The ’Strategic Relations’ and Its Forms: An Attempt at Conceptualisation","authors":"Masoud Abdi, Seyed Abdolazim Mousavi","doi":"10.1177/00208817241234161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00208817241234161","url":null,"abstract":"‘Strategic Relations’ is a concept that has been used extensively in diplomatic and journalistic contexts, but it has been less investigated in scientific studies. Recently, concepts such as ‘strategic alliance’, ‘strategic coalition’, ‘strategic partnership’ and ‘strategic competition’ have been introduced to use as other forms of ‘strategic relationship’. However, the starting point of this study was composed of the following question: what is a strategic relationship and how is the concept related to a strategic alliance, coalition and partnership strategic competition? To answer this question, a descriptive-explanatory study was conducted. The data were collected through desk studies, interviews with experts by Delphi technique and by inferential analysis be studied. This study theoretically focused on concepts such as ‘cooperation’, ‘competition’ and ‘strategy’.","PeriodicalId":512609,"journal":{"name":"International Studies","volume":"82 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Humanitarian Intervention in Syria: A Critical 
Analysis 叙利亚的人道主义干预：批判性分析
International Studies Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.1177/00208817241228385
Ramakrushna Pradhan, Anantagopal Sing
{"title":"Humanitarian Intervention in Syria: A Critical \u2028Analysis","authors":"Ramakrushna Pradhan, Anantagopal Sing","doi":"10.1177/00208817241228385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00208817241228385","url":null,"abstract":"In academic and intellectual circles, Humanitarian Intervention (HI) and the duty to protect have historically been seen as morally and ethically right because of its contentious practices have been at the forefront of international relations discourse in recent years. Having failed to come up with a consensus set of rules, parameters and principles to justify intervention, the Just War logic of Humanitarian Intervention falls flat on the face of the sovereign rights of the states. In this milieu, this article critically examines the rationale of humanitarian intervention in Syria and evaluates the concept of just war to claim that it is outdated and its application in the name of humanitarian intervention needs to be assessed. This study adopts the theory of social constructivism to decode the liberal perspective of Humanitarian Invention as a just war or socially constructed to manipulate world public opinion and address the inherent national interests of involved countries or the diplomatic failure of the United Nations Organization.","PeriodicalId":512609,"journal":{"name":"International Studies","volume":"99 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140261185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Press and the Intelligence Community: The Construction of OTRAG and Cóndor as Global Threats 新闻界与情报界：将 OTRAG 和 Cóndor 塑造成全球威胁
International Studies Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1177/00208817241228384
Daniel Blinder
{"title":"The Press and the Intelligence Community: The Construction of OTRAG and Cóndor as Global Threats","authors":"Daniel Blinder","doi":"10.1177/00208817241228384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00208817241228384","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies the way the US government through the Central Intelligence Agency, the Washington Post and the New York Times approached in tandem the development of rockets in Argentina and in two African countries (Zaire and Libya) during the last stretch of the Cold War. A qualitative analysis is carried out from primary government and journalistic sources, looking at how the media acted alongside the government and the intelligence community, providing the same information and a very similar interpretation of the facts, building common sense and a geopolitical imaginary. This is a geopolitical analysis of the construction of imagery of the dangerous identity of the OTRAG and the Cóndor II in the 1970s and 1980s. The conclusions show that both cases were construed as a geopolitical identity on non-core countries that ended in pressures, the projects be terminated, managing to build a sense by which the economic and political interests of the United States were projected hegemonically as universal interests.","PeriodicalId":512609,"journal":{"name":"International Studies","volume":"16 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140409635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Impact of Confucianism and Hinduism on China–India Economic Relations 儒教和印度教对中印经济关系的影响
International Studies Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1177/00208817241228369
Zhang Yang
{"title":"The Impact of Confucianism and Hinduism on China–India Economic Relations","authors":"Zhang Yang","doi":"10.1177/00208817241228369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00208817241228369","url":null,"abstract":"The research focuses on the impact of culture on the economic relations of China and India as it is reflected in economic activities mainly in Beijing, Shanghai and New Delhi, Gurugram (Haryana) where the author conducted interviews. This cultural analysis of the Chinese and Indian economy mainly focuses on Confucianism and Hinduism as imperatives in economic choices. This research is based on qualitative analysis and the use of the interdisciplinary theory of Psycho-Culturology. It is based on the inductive method. It argues that China attaches importance to economic development and believes that economic development can promote peace. For China, developing the economy remains at the centre of its foreign policies. Characteristics such as cultural confidence and independent pursuit have essential roles reflected in India’s national behaviour. These differences have also been known to cause misperceptions and hinder the economic relations between the two countries.","PeriodicalId":512609,"journal":{"name":"International Studies","volume":"386 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139847930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Impact of Confucianism and Hinduism on China–India Economic Relations 儒教和印度教对中印经济关系的影响
International Studies Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI: 10.1177/00208817241228369
Zhang Yang
{"title":"The Impact of Confucianism and Hinduism on China–India Economic Relations","authors":"Zhang Yang","doi":"10.1177/00208817241228369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00208817241228369","url":null,"abstract":"The research focuses on the impact of culture on the economic relations of China and India as it is reflected in economic activities mainly in Beijing, Shanghai and New Delhi, Gurugram (Haryana) where the author conducted interviews. This cultural analysis of the Chinese and Indian economy mainly focuses on Confucianism and Hinduism as imperatives in economic choices. This research is based on qualitative analysis and the use of the interdisciplinary theory of Psycho-Culturology. It is based on the inductive method. It argues that China attaches importance to economic development and believes that economic development can promote peace. For China, developing the economy remains at the centre of its foreign policies. Characteristics such as cultural confidence and independent pursuit have essential roles reflected in India’s national behaviour. These differences have also been known to cause misperceptions and hinder the economic relations between the two countries.","PeriodicalId":512609,"journal":{"name":"International Studies","volume":" 80","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139788338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Regional Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation: A Case of CANWFZ Treaty 区域核裁军与核不扩散：加澳新无核武器区条约》案例
International Studies Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1177/00208817241228720
Aashriti Gautam
{"title":"Regional Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation: A Case of CANWFZ Treaty","authors":"Aashriti Gautam","doi":"10.1177/00208817241228720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00208817241228720","url":null,"abstract":"Nuclear weapons are highly potent and devastating instruments found in the military stockpiles of contemporary nations. The immense magnitude and pace of devastation that nuclear weapons may cause, coupled with the relative ease with which governments can acquire these offensive capabilities and the inability to effectively defend against a nuclear assault, render nuclear weapons highly valuable. Against this true but bitter reality of the present world order, the author posits that creating nuclear-weapon-free zones (NWFZ) on a regional scale can serve as a beacon of hope and a significant catalyst in the global effort to achieve a nuclear-weapon-free world. To further analyse this idea, the author explores NWFZ and their relevance to regional denuclearization by focusing on the Central Asian nuclear-weapon-free zone (CANWFZ) treaty. The article is divided into four sections. The first section includes a review of contemporary literature about disarmament and nuclear non-proliferation. The second section examines the development of the CANWFZ and its commitment to the objectives of disarmament and nuclear non-proliferation. The third section involves assessing the barriers to this regional cooperation that impede its full implementation. Section four explores the potential reformative strategies that can improve the effectiveness of CANWFZ and elevate it to a model for other regional groupings in achieving a nuclear-free world.","PeriodicalId":512609,"journal":{"name":"International Studies","volume":"173 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139859596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Regional Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation: A Case of CANWFZ Treaty 区域核裁军与核不扩散：加澳新无核武器区条约》案例
International Studies Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1177/00208817241228720
Aashriti Gautam
{"title":"Regional Nuclear Disarmament and Non-Proliferation: A Case of CANWFZ Treaty","authors":"Aashriti Gautam","doi":"10.1177/00208817241228720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00208817241228720","url":null,"abstract":"Nuclear weapons are highly potent and devastating instruments found in the military stockpiles of contemporary nations. The immense magnitude and pace of devastation that nuclear weapons may cause, coupled with the relative ease with which governments can acquire these offensive capabilities and the inability to effectively defend against a nuclear assault, render nuclear weapons highly valuable. Against this true but bitter reality of the present world order, the author posits that creating nuclear-weapon-free zones (NWFZ) on a regional scale can serve as a beacon of hope and a significant catalyst in the global effort to achieve a nuclear-weapon-free world. To further analyse this idea, the author explores NWFZ and their relevance to regional denuclearization by focusing on the Central Asian nuclear-weapon-free zone (CANWFZ) treaty. The article is divided into four sections. The first section includes a review of contemporary literature about disarmament and nuclear non-proliferation. The second section examines the development of the CANWFZ and its commitment to the objectives of disarmament and nuclear non-proliferation. The third section involves assessing the barriers to this regional cooperation that impede its full implementation. Section four explores the potential reformative strategies that can improve the effectiveness of CANWFZ and elevate it to a model for other regional groupings in achieving a nuclear-free world.","PeriodicalId":512609,"journal":{"name":"International Studies","volume":"263 36‐40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139799573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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