Engineering and Applied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Design of a LabVIEW-Based Virtual Instrument for the Disabled","authors":"Chamod Rathnayake, Eranda Dhanushka, Sanjaya Thilakarathne, Thushani Mallikarathne, Madhushani Perera","doi":"10.11648/j.eas.20240903.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20240903.12","url":null,"abstract":"The eye is a prominent organ with complex functions that play a crucial role in our daily lives. The ability to perceive objects from varying distances and angles is vital for navigation, interaction, and understanding the world around us. The coordination of multiple muscles to move the eye allows us to focus on specific points of interest and gather visual information effectively. The concept of using the electrical signals generated by eye movements, known as the electrooculogram (EOG), has been studied in this research. EOG signals can be captured by placing electrodes around the eyes and measuring the potential differences generated as the eyes move. It was noted that a limited number of studies were carried out on EOG-based designs. However, continued research and development in this area have the potential to enhance the quality of life for individuals with disabilities and contribute to our understanding of both the visual system and human-computer interaction. This paper focuses on addressing the relatively underexplored areas of vertical and horizontal eye movements, as well as eye blinking, in the context of electrooculogram (EOG)-based designs. In this research, sharp EOG signals were observed in different eye movement patterns, and those signals were utilized to control assistive devices for individuals with mobility impairments with the LabVIEW software interface.\u0000","PeriodicalId":511665,"journal":{"name":"Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"169 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141388556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supervisor-Field Engineering Approach (S-FEA) of Determining Tyre Failures in the Haul Trucks at Newmont Ahafo Mine","authors":"Festus Kunkyin-Saadaari, Richard Gyebuni, Clifford Asamoah-Danquah","doi":"10.11648/j.eas.20240903.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20240903.11","url":null,"abstract":"Surface mining operations depend critically on the durability and performance of haul truck tyres, as achieving optimal operational hours directly influences cost-effectiveness and productivity. This study delves into the causes of premature tyre failures, which prevent mining companies from reaching their operational targets. Among the most frequent types of tyre damage are bead damage, separation, punctures, heat separation, impacts, liner, tube, or rust band failures, radial cracks, and failures due to repairs. Additional issues include seized brakes, shoulder and sidewall cuts, tread chunking, and tread cuts, as well as wear from normal operations. To systematically identify and analyse these failures, the study employed the Supervisor-Field Engineering Approach (S-FEA) during the period from January 2020 to December 2020. The findings indicate that the predominant causes of significant tyre failures are multifaceted, including poor underfoot conditions, presence of water, operator negligence, and incorrect tyre inflation. Other critical factors contributing to tyre deterioration are excessive heat generation, and mechanical stress such as spinning, skidding, or sliding. Additionally, external factors such as rocks becoming lodged between dual wheels, underinflation, and overloading were identified as contributing to tyre failures. The study strongly recommends that mining operations adhere to the specified Ton Mile Per Hour (TMPH) ratings, which are designed to optimize tyre performance by matching tyre capabilities with the operational demands. By adhering to these guidelines, mines can enhance tyre longevity, reduce downtime due to tyre failures, and ultimately achieve a more efficient and cost-effective mining operation. This approach not only addresses immediate operational challenges but also contributes to sustainable mining practices by reducing waste and increasing the reuse of resources.\u0000","PeriodicalId":511665,"journal":{"name":"Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"103 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141126180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rheological Properties of Bentonite/Polymer Based Drilling Fluid Under Different pH Conditions","authors":"H. Ouaer","doi":"10.11648/j.eas.20240902.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20240902.12","url":null,"abstract":"To success the drilling operations, different criteria must be taken in account. One of the most important criterion is the design and performance of drilling fluids, which is greatly related to their rheological properties. Furthermore, it is crucial to study the rheological behavior of water-based drilling fluid based on bentonite/polymer. The current study aims at addressing the influence of pH on the rheological properties of bentonite/polymer based drilling fluid, furthermore, recommending the best range of pH, which provides high performance and safety of this drilling fluid. The obtained results showed that shear stress increased when increasing pH. It can be also noticed that the plastic viscosity (PV) and yield point (YP) of the drilling fluid 1 (F1) increased in high pH region and decreased in the other pH region. The plastic viscosity of the drilling fluid 2 (F2) is not significant. The higher value of YP/PV is located at a pH of 8.44, and this ratio decreases when increasing pH. These findings proved that keeping pH superior to 7 and inferior to 12 resulted in good rheological properties of drilling fluids that will help to remove the rock cuttings from the borehole to surface, and minimize the total cost of the drilling operations.","PeriodicalId":511665,"journal":{"name":"Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140753584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Motion Past a Slip-Stick Sphere and a Shear Free Sphere in a Viscous Fluid","authors":"Md Chowdhury, Sujit Sen, Anjan Chowdhury, Mohammad Ahammad","doi":"10.11648/j.eas.20240902.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20240902.11","url":null,"abstract":"The theoretical development of the complex fluid flows such as more than one obstacle with different shapes have great interest for scientists to understand flow phenomena and verify the model or approximate solution. The complex physical properties due to a uniform streaming motion past two fixed spheres is investigated having one with shear stress and another being shear stress-free. This study concerns analytical technique of a steady incompressible viscous fluid past to two fixed spheres. The Gegenbaur function and associated Legendre polynomials is used to derive the solution that simplify the process of the theoretical calculations. The mathematical expression for the flow fields are obtained in terms of stream functions by Gegenbaur function and associated Legendre polynomials. The physical properties of interest such as the Stokes stream function, the stress and its drag are calculated. It is understandable that for the uniform streaming motion around a sphere with the stress and its drag are affected owing to the presence of another stress-free are analyzed. The present result can be considered as a generalized by making other established results as a corollary of this solution. This theoretical study helps to the numerical or computational work for the verification of their approximated results of interest.","PeriodicalId":511665,"journal":{"name":"Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"254 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140754928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainability and Resiliency Investigation of Grouted Coupler Embedded in RC ABC Bridge Pier at Vehicle Impact","authors":"Suman Roy","doi":"10.11648/j.eas.20240901.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20240901.12","url":null,"abstract":"Increased occurrences of natural and man-made dynamic loading caused by high strain rate dynamic impact load have been recently reported. Different statistical results indicate that vehicular impacts occur more frequently compared to the other dynamic loads. However, existing literature primarily focuses on enhancing survivability and determining damage levels specifically in relation to faster bridge construction methods used as an accelerated bridge construction (ABC). In this context, the present study investigates the dynamic behavior of a commonly used connection type in ABC, namely grouted coupler that connects pre-cast elements like bridge piers and foundations. To execute the research, both the static and dynamic performance of grouted couplers embedded in pier foundation subjected to high strain rate loading incurred by high velocity vehicular impact are examined. A representative non-traditional reinforced concrete (RC) bridge pier is selected for the study with the standardized geometry and selected material properties. The use of splice sleeves as coupler materials and specified cross-sectional hollow cast iron cylinders filled with high strength concrete grout is employed for developing Finite Element (FE) modeling, extracting data from published journals. A commercial software, ANSYS, has been utilized to develop FE models to capture post impact respective static and dynamic behaviors, and the simulation results are then compared with the analytical. This also includes determining material performance via FE simulations. By considering dynamic loading, the dynamic impact factor (DIF) has been evaluated for the reinforcing steel bar adjacent and embedded into the coupler. In addition, dynamic simulations, and material modulus in demand to sustain impact are determined. Thus, the research necessitates mesh-independent sensitivity studies to investigate DIF corresponding to the precise outcomes. The findings of this study manifests valuable information that aids to opt for the suitable coupler connections, considering material properties, and adequate post impact execution. Consequently, it will serve as a useful design tool for design offices, structural practitioners, and forensic structural engineers.\u0000","PeriodicalId":511665,"journal":{"name":"Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"38 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140260692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subsurface Characterization Using Downhole Refraction Survey: A Case Study of the Niger Delta","authors":"C. N. Onwubuariri, Emmanuel Kenechukwu Anakwuba, C. C. Agoha, Emmanuel Egwuonwu, Joseph Ugochukwu, Lawson-Jack Osaki, T. I. Mgbeojedo","doi":"10.11648/j.eas.20240901.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.eas.20240901.11","url":null,"abstract":"This study addresses the critical role of downhole refraction as a method for assessing subsurface characteristics, particularly in areas facing challenges such as ground roll issues and weak reflection signals during seismic data acquisition. Focused on the Agudama, Kenfa, and Yenegwe settlements in the Niger Delta region, where frequent engineering structure collapses occur, the research aims to understand the depth and velocity of unconsolidated zones through downhole refraction. The study emphasizes the limitations of relying solely on uphole refraction and highlights the necessity of downhole methods for accurate velocity determination. The research employs various techniques, including borehole drilling, velocity measurements, and seismic pulse generation. The study's primary objectives include investigating the causes of engineering structure failures, proposing geophysical solutions, and contributing valuable insights into the geological context of the Niger Delta region. The fieldwork involved a comprehensive approach, combining reconnaissance surveys, downhole refraction studies, and the use of specialized equipment such as a Geometrics Stratavisor NZXP seismograph and explosives for seismic sources. The results of the downhole refraction survey reveal a double-layer velocity model in the research areas, indicating variations in weathered or unconsolidated layer thickness and velocities. The study establishes a relationship between elevation, weathered layer thickness, and velocities in both weathered and consolidated layers, offering valuable information for engineering considerations. The research concludes that the downhole refraction method is crucial for evaluating weathered strata properties and provides cost-effective subsurface information. The study recommends drilling below the weathered zone for seismic energy source placement, excavation depths for stable structures, and future investigations focusing on closely spaced data points and additional soil properties. These recommendations aim to enhance the safety and durability of structures in the study area, contributing to the understanding and mitigation of engineering structure failures in the Niger Delta region.\u0000","PeriodicalId":511665,"journal":{"name":"Engineering and Applied Sciences","volume":"23 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140260682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}