European Journal of Sport Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Application of a Mixed Live and Online Live Streaming Exercise Program of Tai Chi and Its Effect on Dynamic Balance, Physical Function of Lower Limbs and Aerobic Capacity of Adults","authors":"Vithleem Chatzipanagioti, A. Gioftsidou, Athanasios Chatzinikolaou, Leonidas Paraschos Karakatsanis, P. Malliou","doi":"10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.3.168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.3.168","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the effect of a mixed intervention program, with live and distance online Tai Chi (TC) practice on healthy adult practitioners and its effect on dynamic balance, physical function of lower limbs and aerobic capacity, which were measured at baseline and follow up. The sample of the study consisted of the experimental group (N = 19) of healthy subjects divided into two groups according to their level of experience in Tai Chi (beginner vs. experienced) and 15 healthy subjects (N = 15) of the control group who were sedentary individuals. The experimental group participated in a supervised Tai Chi program lasting 18 weeks, of which 9 weeks of live training sessions (before the pandemic) and 9 further weeks in online distance practice during the pandemic restrictive measures. The exercise frequency was 3 times/week, lasting 90 minutes during live lessons, while the online exercise duration was adjusted to 60 minutes. The Y-Test (Lower Quarter test) was used to measure the dynamic balance. The single limb single hop test measured physical function, while the 6-minute walking test was applied to measure aerobic capacity. The results of the present study showed that a statistically significant difference was observed in the dynamic balance of the left leg between the pre-and post-training measures for the experimental groups, with the experienced group scoring higher. Right leg results revealed improvements for TC practitioners, with the beginners group scoring significantly higher than experienced and control subjects. The asymmetry score changed positively for both experimental groups, with a higher index for the beginners group. Aerobic capacity scores were significantly improved between baseline and final measurements. The TC practitioners scored significantly higher than the control subjects. Furthermore, concerning the results in the physical function of the lower limbs, the TC-experienced group showed greater improvements compared to both TC beginners and the control group. Similar effects concerned right leg results. TC effectively improves balance and physical function of lower limbs in healthy adults due to the activation of different muscle groups, the sequence of movements, the duration, and the nature of the body mind. It should be incorporated in health prevention programs. Due to the pandemic, the implementation of distance learning became a solution for many exercise programs and complemented their content.","PeriodicalId":511503,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Sciences","volume":"9 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141797746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Coaches’ Knowledge Acquisition about Skilled Performance in Overhead, Single-Handed Fly-Distance Casting","authors":"John Waters","doi":"10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.3.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.3.157","url":null,"abstract":"The performance objective of fly-distance casting is to cast the line as far as possible. The technique has evolved with limited biomechanical analysis, and that conducted has focused on the upper body only. There has been no movement patterning comparison with other sports. Since the 1980s, performance in the ICSF Event 2–38-gram fly-distance casting event at world casting championships has plateaued. The aims of this study were to identify the views of casting coaches (1) about the similarity of fly-distance casting technique to other sports, (2) the determinants of optimal fly-casting distance performance, (3) the role of biomechanics in the development of fly-distance casting technique, and (4) the sources used, and barriers encountered in expanding knowledge. Javelin was the sport most similar to fly-distance casting; line speed was a key performance determinant, and translation, rather than a rotation, was advocated. Coaches agreed biomechanics would be beneficial to performance. Coaches rated little research being available, being unaware of how to access research information and research readability as barriers to knowledge accessibility. This study is the first to identify what fly-casting coaches perceive as the determinants of casting technique, performance and coaching. It establishes a benchmark for further research in areas such as biomechanics, motor learning and sports performance.","PeriodicalId":511503,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Sciences","volume":"57 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141817923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on Blood Glucose Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Literature Review","authors":"Nur Agung Martopo, M. F. Hidayatullah, Rony Syaifullah","doi":"10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.3.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.3.167","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic and progressive disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. This study aims to investigate the effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through a literature review. The comprehensive search in the database resulted in 7,737 articles: Pubmed (2,610), Science Direct (4,724), Scopus (282), and Springer (121), and only 11 articles met the criteria for further review. A comprehensive analysis of the included studies reveals the effect of HIIT on blood glucose levels in type 2 DM patients, which can be observed through changes in blood glucose levels and HbA1c following exercise. In conclusion, our findings suggest that HIIT could be an essential intervention for managing blood glucose in Type 2 DM patients.","PeriodicalId":511503,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Sciences","volume":"118 50","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141820174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observational Study of Growth-Related Knee Pain in Japanese Footballers Aged 12–15 Years: A Subsequent Series Following Children Aged 8–12 Years","authors":"S. Sasaki, Y. Nagano","doi":"10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.2.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.2.155","url":null,"abstract":"This is a subsequent series of studies that examined the factors for growth-related injuries in children aged 8–12 years. We aimed to explore factors associated with growth-related knee pain (GRNP) in Japanese footballers aged 12–15 years. A total of 600 data (200 football players in 7–9th grades) were collected from their parents. Clinical characteristics (age, height, and weight), sports-specific variables (dominant leg, position, and surface), weekly training volume (total days and hours of football), and experience of GRKP (e.g., Osgood–Schlatter disease) within the past 1 year were assessed using a web-based questionnaire. Independent t-tests and chi-square tests were used to investigate the difference between groups with and without GRKP. Logistic regression analyses were also performed to explore risk factors for youth athletes. Additionally, a receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed for the variables used in the logistic regression model. Among junior high school footballers in Japan, 21.0% had experience with GRNP in the past 1 year. Weekly training hours were significantly and positively associated with GRNP (odds ratio, 1.047; 95% confidence interval, 1.016–1.079). The optimal cut-off value for training hours per week was 12.5 h, with low-to-moderate sensitivity (44.4%) and specificity (73.8%). However, clinical and sport-specific characteristics in Japanese footballers aged 12–15 years were not identified as risk factors for recent GRNP. To decrease the risk of GRNP in young Japanese footballers, controlling training volume, which combines adequate recovery or introducing multi-sports events, may be a key strategy for injury prevention.","PeriodicalId":511503,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Sciences","volume":"57 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141387467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropometric and Physical Attribute Profile for Elite Female Ice Hockey Players in China","authors":"Qian Zhang, Lin Yang, Naiyuan Tian, Tieyi Wang, Todd Edward Burkey","doi":"10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.2.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.2.158","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of ice hockey players is greatly influenced by their physical fitness and strength. This study set out to use various parameters to measure the physical strength of a player. The parameters include body mass (kilograms), height (centimeters), 30 m sprinting, vertical jump (centimeters), standing long jump (centimeters), 1 RM back squat (kilograms), 1 RM bench press (kilograms), pull-ups, 3 km running and body composition. The performance of a sample of 31 ice hockey players from China on the mentioned parameters was compared to the world’s top performers in ice hockey games, USA, and it was realized that players with generally lower scores on the factors tend to perform dismally in the game. China has been behind the USA in the world’s rankings, and their performances were generally lower compared to their US counterparts. Data was collected by trained experts and analyzed through Microsoft Excel software. The information from this research is basically an eye-opener to the Chinese female ice hockey stakeholders, including players, coaches, and medical personnel, on the areas that need attention to maintain world-class performances.","PeriodicalId":511503,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Sciences","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140998757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of COVID-19 on Performance and Recovery of Division I Women’s Basketball Players: A Case Study","authors":"Julie Nolan, Christopher Taber, Samah Senbel, Mehul S. Raval, N. S. Artan, Tolga Kaya","doi":"10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.2.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.2.105","url":null,"abstract":"This report aimed to examine the effects of COVID-19 on athletic performance and recovery in women’s basketball players. Twelve participants were included in this case report, with four serving as the test group and eight serving as the control group. All participants wore a Polar GPS unit and a Whoop Strap. The Polar unit was worn during games and practices and used to collect metrics of physical workload. The Whoop strap was worn during daily activities, including periods of sleep, to collect metrics of sleep and recovery. Data were analyzed via descriptive statistics (mean difference ± standard deviations), and T-tests were used to evaluate between-group differences (p < 0.05). To further analyze clinical significance, the Smallest Worthwhile Change (SWC) and Cohen’s d effect sizes were calculated. The results indicated that COVID-19 had the greatest effect on heart rate and sleep metrics with smaller, yet still clinically meaningful, effects on athletic performance. The results show the multisystem effect of COVID-19 on women’s basketball players, including both a physiological and performance decrement during training and less efficient recovery. This was the first study to examine the direct impact of COVID-19 on athletic performance and recovery, and it provides insight into the importance of proper return-to-play considerations.","PeriodicalId":511503,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Sciences","volume":"14 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141020048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation Study to Assess the Concurrent Validity of the Beep Test as a Proxy for Cardiopulmonary Endurance, Using VO2 Max as the Criterion Standard","authors":"Sameera Peumal Senanayake, Prasangi Dabare, Athige Rajith Nelosan Silva, Sujani Pushpika, R. Maddumage","doi":"10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.1.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.1.131","url":null,"abstract":"Rowing, characterized as a “velocity-centric sport,” demands high physical and physiological performance. Cardiorespiratory endurance, an integral component of physical fitness, plays a vital role in rowing performance. Optimal physical fitness is essential for injury prevention and success in international competitions. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is the gold standard for assessing maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), a crucial indicator of cardiopulmonary endurance. The considerable expense and specialized expertise required for CPET have prompted the utilization of field tests, such as the beep test. The current study aims to validate the accuracy of the beep test in measuring VO2 max uptake as the gold standard. The present cross-sectional observational study involved 16 participants from the national rowing pool of Sri Lanka (11 males, 5 females). The study adhered to the Bruce protocol for implementing CPET to measure VO2 max. Concurrently, the standardized beep test, encompassing 21 progressively challenging levels, was administered to assess the VO2 max of participants. The number of shuttles completed during the beep test underwent meticulous conversion into corresponding VO2 max values, facilitating a comparative analysis with the VO2 max values derived from CPET. Among the key findings, the CPET among Sri Lankan rowers, male rowers exhibited statistically significant disparities across several vital physiological parameters, including VO2 max, VO2 max at anaerobic threshold (VO2 max AT), maximum heart rate (HR max), and minute ventilation (VE), against their female counterparts. A statistically significant and positive correlation was discerned among female rowers between the VO2 max values obtained through the gold standard CPET and those derived from the beep test. However, a consistent trend emerged, revealing that the beep test consistently overestimated VO2 max in both male and female rowers compared to the gold standard CPET method. The study underscores the importance of considering population-specific factors and advocates for developing refined equations to enhance the accuracy of field tests in predicting cardiopulmonary endurance.","PeriodicalId":511503,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Sciences","volume":"18 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140696456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Ultrasound Investigation in Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture","authors":"Bukola Veronica Bolarinwa, Darren P. Moloney, Evin Doyle, Thomas Bayer","doi":"10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.1.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.1.142","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aims to investigate the reliability of ultrasound in differentiating between partial and complete TA ruptures. It also aims to establish whether ultrasound findings of TA ruptures are in accordance with intraoperative findings.Method: The authors identified all cases of Achilles tendon rupture treated operatively in a unit over the course of the year. Charts were reviewed retrospectively to identify whether cases had undergone ultrasound. Intraoperative findings and ultrasound reports were compared.Results: 49 cases of Achilles tendon rupture were diagnosed and treated operatively. 23 cases underwent ultrasound of the tendoachilles preoperatively. 8 were reported as partial ruptures. All cases were found to be complete rupture intraoperatively. The sensitivity of ultrasound in establishing completeness of tendoachilles rupture is 63.5%.Conclusion: Ultrasound differentiation of complete vs partial ruptures is not a useful differentiator.","PeriodicalId":511503,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Sciences","volume":"61 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140729998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon Racing Wheelchair Frames: Trespassing Technological Unfairness?","authors":"Santiago Sanz-Quinto, Gabriel Brizuela, Juan Manuel Alonso","doi":"10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.1.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2024.3.1.116","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to compare the performance at World Marathon Majors of three types of racing wheelchair frame materials: Aluminum (Alu), mixed Carbon-Aluminum (CA), and carbon (Carb). Three elite wheelchair athletes (wheelers) (1 male and 2 females) were chosen for the performance analysis, which was conducted on 117 marathons (Alu, n = 49; AC, n = 25; Carb, n = 43). Compared to Alu and CA, Carb was significantly faster (249.18 ± 168.39 s or 4.07%; p = 0.001; Effect size = 0.89) and (388.60 ± 224.06 s or 6.34%; p = 0.0001; Effect size = 0.93), respectively. In addition, no interactions were observed (p > 0.05) between the material of the frame and i) the course profile, ii) the steadiness of intensity, iii) the elevation gained from the start to the finish line, and iv) the surface quality. However, Carb frames behavior in Majors, in which there are remarkable descent sections were 6.9% faster or 412.4 s (effect size = 0.64) relative to Alu, showing an even greater advantage with CA (7.6% or 455.4 s; effect size = 0.63). In conclusion and considering the remarkable advantage in terms of performance that Carb frames confer to elite-wheelers compared to those who use Alu and CA frames, as also the unaffordable price of Carb racing wheelchairs for most elite-wheelers, we advocate for consideration of strict regulations (i.e., do not allow the use of Carb frames at sanctioned marathons) by the government body of this sport IPC Athletics.","PeriodicalId":511503,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Sport Sciences","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140741871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}