Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage最新文献

Reconstruction of design principles of a late Gothic net vault using 3D laser scanning 利用三维激光扫描技术重建晚期哥特式网状拱顶的设计原理

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1680/jenhh.24.00012

Olaf Huth

{"title":"Reconstruction of design principles of a late Gothic net vault using 3D laser scanning","authors":"Olaf Huth","doi":"10.1680/jenhh.24.00012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jenhh.24.00012","url":null,"abstract":"Precise knowledge of the principles according to which vaults were designed and constructed and how they were implemented in construction not only forms a decisive basis for their preservation as monuments. These principles also provide information about the vaults shape finding and technology of their construction. The load-bearing behavior in its current state can also be traced back to certain premises. Using the example of the late Gothic net vault in the St. Peter and Paul church in Lutherstadt Eisleben, this article shows how design and construction principles of vaults can be precisely deduced with the help of known monitoring methods, tachymetry, and terrestrial three-dimensional (3D) laser scanning. The results of reverse engineering refer to the application of design principles that are relevant in the late Gothic period, such as the principal arch or the plan specifications for maintaining the heights of the ribbed intersections of figured vaults. Due to the artisanal nature of the building process at the time of their construction, individual segments of the vaults may well deviate more significantly from these rules. The fact that these apparent rule deviations may be responses to inadequacies at the project level, from planning to execution, is also explored.","PeriodicalId":508097,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage","volume":"125 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141811359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial rotational behavior of intact and damaged column foot joints: experiment-based numerical modelling 完整和受损柱脚关节的空间旋转行为：基于实验的数值建模

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1680/jenhh.24.00007

Ya-Jie Wu, Wei Meng, Wen-Shao Chang, Qixue Xie, Li-Peng Zhang

{"title":"Spatial rotational behavior of intact and damaged column foot joints: experiment-based numerical modelling","authors":"Ya-Jie Wu, Wei Meng, Wen-Shao Chang, Qixue Xie, Li-Peng Zhang","doi":"10.1680/jenhh.24.00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jenhh.24.00007","url":null,"abstract":"Columns in traditional Chinese timber structures barely rested on stone bases, and the column foot joints were capable to resist moment around any direction. This study numerically investigated the spatial rotational behavior of intact and damaged column based on experiments. Unidirectional cyclic loading tests were carried out on two intact and three damaged column foot joint specimens. A fiber element-based numerical model for the column foot joints was developed and validated by use of the unidirectional loading test results. Numerical analyses were performed based on the fiber element-based model to obtain the rotational behavior of the intact and damaged column foot joints under spatial loading. The analyses indicated that the moment-rotation curve of an intact column foot joint under spatial loading was on an umbrella-shaped surface. The damage at the column foot not only unidirectionally decreased the moment-resisting capacity of a column foot joint, but also resulted to a rotational performance degradation valley on the joint’s moment-rotation surface. The rotational behavior of both the intact and damaged column foot joints under spatial loading was highly nonlinear. This developed fiber element-based model can be further utilized to analyze the structural performance of traditional timber structures under three-dimensional excitations.","PeriodicalId":508097,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141699369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis and mechanical characterisation of stone masonry of fortress Batticaloa, Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡拜蒂克洛要塞石砌体的分析和力学特征

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.1680/jenhh.24.00003

Julian Thamboo, Ramachandran Niroshan, Sivajathurshana Vijayathasan, Marco Corradi

{"title":"Analysis and mechanical characterisation of stone masonry of fortress Batticaloa, Sri Lanka","authors":"Julian Thamboo, Ramachandran Niroshan, Sivajathurshana Vijayathasan, Marco Corradi","doi":"10.1680/jenhh.24.00003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jenhh.24.00003","url":null,"abstract":"Historical fortresses, traditionally constructed with stone masonry, require careful preservation to uphold their cultural significance. Understanding the material and mechanical characteristics of the stone masonry assemblies used in these fortresses is crucial for their conservation. Hence, an inclusive approach was taken to analyze the mechanical attributes of stone masonry utilized in a specific historical fortress in Sri Lanka. This comprehensive method involved two main steps: (1) expert evaluation and (2) non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques. This study incorporated well-established expert evaluation methods tailored for historical masonry, such as the Masonry Quality Index (MQI), Geometric Index (GI), and mechanical characterization based on the Italian Code for Construction specifications. Additionally, two NDT methods—rebound hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity testing—were employed alongside expert evaluations to thoroughly understand the mechanical properties of the stone masonry assemblies. The investigation focused on stone walls in ten different areas of the fortress, all of which were constructed using irregular and pebble stone masonry. The results obtained through NDT methods were then cross-referenced with the expert evaluations. This integrated approach effectively outlined the properties of the stone masonry assemblies, including compressive strength, Young’s modulus, and shear modulus, providing a comprehensive characterization of the structures.","PeriodicalId":508097,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage","volume":"38 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141339952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Concrete touch down: new material technology influences industrial buildings 1912 – 1920 混凝土触地：新材料技术对 1912 - 1920 年工业建筑的影响

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1680/jenhh.23.00017

Thomas Haupt

{"title":"Concrete touch down: new material technology influences industrial buildings 1912 – 1920","authors":"Thomas Haupt","doi":"10.1680/jenhh.23.00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jenhh.23.00017","url":null,"abstract":"Construction technology developed quickly during the first decades of the 20th century. This influenced the construction of industrial buildings at the UNESCO World Heritage site of Rjukan and Notodden in Norway. Behind the construction was Hydro, a company founded in 1905 for the purpose of producing synthetic nitrogen fertilizer to increase the world`s food production. This industrial development demanded large structures such as hydropower stations and production facilities. Concrete was introduced for the first time during this period and systems are characterised by heavy concrete bearing walls and mixed bearing walls where concrete and steel were combined. Such systems demanded significant material resources and resulted in the development of steel and concrete skeleton frames. The development of viable systems was achieved through research in material science and structural engineering, both in the United States and Europe. This paper discusses how concrete influenced construction and building systems at this site. Similarities to industrial buildings and other building typologies are evident and connect the site to the international context architecture and engineering history. Understanding characteristics of individual buildings and presenting them in an order of a construction systems will support the work of architects and engineers in future conservation schemes.","PeriodicalId":508097,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage","volume":"76 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139844067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Concrete touch down: new material technology influences industrial buildings 1912 – 1920 混凝土触地：新材料技术对 1912 - 1920 年工业建筑的影响

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1680/jenhh.23.00017

Thomas Haupt

{"title":"Concrete touch down: new material technology influences industrial buildings 1912 – 1920","authors":"Thomas Haupt","doi":"10.1680/jenhh.23.00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jenhh.23.00017","url":null,"abstract":"Construction technology developed quickly during the first decades of the 20th century. This influenced the construction of industrial buildings at the UNESCO World Heritage site of Rjukan and Notodden in Norway. Behind the construction was Hydro, a company founded in 1905 for the purpose of producing synthetic nitrogen fertilizer to increase the world`s food production. This industrial development demanded large structures such as hydropower stations and production facilities. Concrete was introduced for the first time during this period and systems are characterised by heavy concrete bearing walls and mixed bearing walls where concrete and steel were combined. Such systems demanded significant material resources and resulted in the development of steel and concrete skeleton frames. The development of viable systems was achieved through research in material science and structural engineering, both in the United States and Europe. This paper discusses how concrete influenced construction and building systems at this site. Similarities to industrial buildings and other building typologies are evident and connect the site to the international context architecture and engineering history. Understanding characteristics of individual buildings and presenting them in an order of a construction systems will support the work of architects and engineers in future conservation schemes.","PeriodicalId":508097,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage","volume":"51 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139784064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stability of the “Tensyudai” of a Japanese castle under long-term load 日本城堡 "天守台 "在长期负荷下的稳定性

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.1680/jenhh.23.00005

Takeshi Masui, Wen-Shao Chang

{"title":"Stability of the “Tensyudai” of a Japanese castle under long-term load","authors":"Takeshi Masui, Wen-Shao Chang","doi":"10.1680/jenhh.23.00005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jenhh.23.00005","url":null,"abstract":"Tensyudai is the term used for the truncated masonry base that supports the main tower (Tensyukaku) of a Japanese castle. In response to concerns regarding the structural integrity and conservation of Tensyudai masonry walls, this study seeks to investigate the mechanism of their collapse and load capacity. A reduced scale model of Tensyudai, based on Osaka Castle, was constructed and subjected to a vertical load test to evaluate its three-dimensional mechanical properties. The paper postulates a collapse mechanism, and the equilibrium of forces for the Sumiishi and Hiraishi sections of the Tensyudai are analysed, considering the arch effect. Experimental results are compared, using a series of equations to calculate the collapse burden (q c ). Additionally, the safety factor is determined, based on the active earth pressures at various masses. The findings indicate that the safety factor of a standard Tensyukaku weight is approximately 25, which rises with increased Tensyukaku weight. Moreover, this study contributes to future research and preservation efforts for historical structures, by shedding light on the structural stability and safety of Tensyudai masonry walls. It can also provide basic data for considering the protection of other masonry wall structures from earthquakes.","PeriodicalId":508097,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage","volume":"36 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139172629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A case study of industrial heritage buildings at the Rjukan and Notodden Site in Norway (1905 – 1929) 挪威吕坎和诺托登遗址工业遗产建筑案例研究（1905 - 1929年）

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1680/jenhh.23.00013

Thomas Haupt

{"title":"A case study of industrial heritage buildings at the Rjukan and Notodden Site in Norway (1905 – 1929)","authors":"Thomas Haupt","doi":"10.1680/jenhh.23.00013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1680/jenhh.23.00013","url":null,"abstract":"The UNESCO site of Rjukan and Notodden in Norway consists of unique industrial heritage values because of its architecture and engineering from the first decades of the 20th century. During this period, construction technology experienced speedy developments in Norway, and many different building systems influenced the construction industry. Today, the preserved site with 24 selected industrial buildings offers great insight into the diversity of industrial heritage but bears also substantial conservation challenges. This presents a unique research opportunity, and this case study, which is part of a larger research project, aims to establish an overview over industrial building systems and architecture. The study revealed that industrial and high-rise structures have many commonalities despite very different architectural expressions and functions. Progression from craft-driven to prefabricated mass construction was not an isolated incident but a result of global industrialisation. This affected construction technology and influenced the evolution of both building typologies. Studying and analysing how case buildings resist loads and how that relates to systems development helps to understand the industrial heritage of this site. Through findings this research intends to support heritage conservation schemes where practising architects, engineers, and contractors can apply them for forthcoming project work.","PeriodicalId":508097,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage","volume":"21 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139182422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Briefing: How might civil engineering history be used? 简报：如何利用土木工程史？

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1680/jenhh.23.00021

Felix Birch

引用次数: 0

Enhancing resilience in timber connections with SMA dowel and DVW reinforcement 用 SMA 销钉和 DVW 加固增强木材连接的韧性

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.1680/jenhh.23.00009

Haoyu Huang, Wen-Shao Chang

引用次数: 0