Медицинская этика最新文献

Connecting links of history. Yaroslavl and Sergey Spasokukotsky 连接历史的纽带雅罗斯拉夫尔和谢尔盖-斯帕索库茨基

Медицинская этика Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.24075/medet.2024.004

NT Eregina

{"title":"Connecting links of history. Yaroslavl and Sergey Spasokukotsky","authors":"NT Eregina","doi":"10.24075/medet.2024.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/medet.2024.004","url":null,"abstract":"Biography of Sergey Spasokukotsky, the outstanding Russian surgeon, is closely related to the Yaroslavl Territory. He spent his childhood in the Danilovsky region, coming from a large and friendly family of a zemstvo doctor. In 1880–1888, he studied at the Men’s Gymnasium after his family had moved to Yaroslavl. The building now belongs to the Yaroslavl State Medical University where a representative of his scientific school, Professor Busalov AA, worked decades later. Life and activity of Sergey Spasokukotsky represent a bright example of unselfish service to medicine. Being a graduate of the Emperor’s Moscow University, he had a chance to continue his medical career in Moscow but went to the province where he worked as a zemstvo doctor for many years, actively implementing advance achievements of medicine into abdominal surgery, neurosurgery, pulmonary surgery, creating novel and modifying available surgeries. S. Spasokukotsky and his student developed an affordable and effective method of preparing a surgeon’s hands for a surgery with 0.5% ammonia solution (method by Spasokukotsky and Kochergyn). The scientific and practical activities of Sergey Spasokukotsky resulted in the development of a large scientific school with an ultimate scientific social responsibility, originality, great depth and boldness while solving the issues of surgical pathology.","PeriodicalId":507498,"journal":{"name":"Медицинская этика","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140401929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bioethical approach to estimation of pharmacoepidemiological and pharmacoeconomic aspects of psoriasis treatment 从生物伦理角度估算银屑病治疗的药物流行病学和药物经济学问题

Медицинская этика Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.24075/medet.2024.001

EI Samarina, EG Lileeva, JV Rybachkova

{"title":"Bioethical approach to estimation of pharmacoepidemiological and pharmacoeconomic aspects of psoriasis treatment","authors":"EI Samarina, EG Lileeva, JV Rybachkova","doi":"10.24075/medet.2024.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/medet.2024.001","url":null,"abstract":"Bioethical approach to determine the feasibility of using medicines involves systemic analysis of pharmacoepidemiological and pharmacoeconomic aspects of treatment, especially while treating the most common and chronic diseases. Psoriasis is the most common disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, accounting for 15% of cases. The rate of psoriatic complications constitutes 6–42%. Skin lesions, psoriatic arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory intestinal diseases, mental disorders and malignant lesions produce a great effect on health, duration and quality of life, and result in early loss of labor capacity and disability of patients. So, it is important to study effectiveness and safety of systemic medicines in patients with severe and moderate-to-severe disease and perform subsequent analysis of possible use and comparison of the effectiveness of various combinations. Most affordable but ineffective medicines commonly cause real growth of further expenses on treatment, and postpone administration of more effective, though much more expensive medicines. Economic aspects of rational use of healthcare resources are becoming increasingly important whereas pharmacoeconomic values are crucial while selecting a treatment strategy.","PeriodicalId":507498,"journal":{"name":"Медицинская этика","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140269288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

School of research ethics. Axiology of bioethics and challenges of technological development 研究伦理学院。生物伦理公理与技术发展的挑战

Медицинская этика Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.24075/medet.2023.035

DE Firsov

{"title":"School of research ethics. Axiology of bioethics and challenges of technological development","authors":"DE Firsov","doi":"10.24075/medet.2023.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/medet.2023.035","url":null,"abstract":"Intensive development of modern science expands the scope of bioethical issues. Debates on ethical aspects of bioinformatics, neurotechnology, genetics, bioeconomics, ethics of preclinical and clinical trials are actively developing. Axiology of bioethics is of particular relevance. It is the structure of valuable categories that determines the priorities of ‘human science’ development taking into account the historical experience of interaction between a person and community, and criteria of civilized changes in the actual and perspective (prognostic) sense. Development of bioethical axiology is influenced by the challenges of technological development of the current decade, the issues that objectively demand a reaction on the part of the state and society. One of the main tasks of modern bioethics is to develop bioethical thinking, and grounds for using bioethical axiology in the scientific process. Health axiology, which represents a fixed conscious attitude to the issues of health developed during the academic process to be subsequently used during a labor process, is practical expression of bioethical thinking. Bioethical dialogue is essential as it urges young perspective specialists to examine novel bioethical scientific issues and achieve technological country-specific goals. Focus on young scientist’s potential totally corresponds to the cross-cutting goal of axiological, prognostic and educational tasks of bioethics. Bioethical thinking is developed based on the experience of the school of ethics of scientific research, which is an educational project intended for young Russian researchers.","PeriodicalId":507498,"journal":{"name":"Медицинская этика","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140277469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethical aspects, safety issues of cardiac surgery and prediction of adverse events 心脏手术的伦理问题、安全问题和不良事件预测

Медицинская этика Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.24075/medet.2023.034

MV Shereshneva, MV Ilyin

引用次数: 0

Analysis of requirements for confidentiality and exchange of digital health data 对数字健康数据保密和交换要求的分析

Медицинская этика Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.24075/medet.2023.030

AK Alzubaidi

{"title":"Analysis of requirements for confidentiality and exchange of digital health data","authors":"AK Alzubaidi","doi":"10.24075/medet.2023.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/medet.2023.030","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides answers to immediate questions associated with the state regulation of confidentiality of information and exchange of data in the era of digital healthcare. The institute of medical confidentiality which originated in the ancient world is still evolving throughout the development of medical law. In the current era of global digitalization, however, the issues related to data confidentiality have become more relevant than ever. With all the modern technologies and digital health care platforms on the rise, new challenges associated with protection of these patients are emerging. To ensure the reliable protection of patient’s personal and medical information, doctors and medical institutions have to meet data security standards. It becomes vital to develop effective strategies and mechanisms to prevent unauthorized access and data leakage due to a larger volume of electronic medical records and digital data exchange. Strict rules and standards regulating collection, storage and transfer of medical data belong to a key aspect in this area. The Russian Federation is making great efforts to create the legislation which could protect the rights of patients and made medical establishments to follow the high standards of confidentiality, and to develop technical aids that provide data encryption and protection against hacker attacks.","PeriodicalId":507498,"journal":{"name":"Медицинская этика","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139191030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Real-world data in legal framework of the Russian Federation 俄罗斯联邦法律框架中的真实世界数据

Медицинская этика Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.24075/medet.2023.031

M. Borzova, VV Kalinichenko, A. Kolbin

引用次数: 0

Medicinal product early access programs: experience of the BRICS group, European Union, and United States of America 医药产品早期获取计划：金砖五国集团、欧洲联盟和美利坚合众国的经验

Медицинская этика Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.24075/medet.2023.029

VV Оmelyanovskiy, NP Rukavitsyna, P. Mukhortova, AA Kingshott, SI Zinadinov, AG Kharitonova, EI Minakova, LO Krekhtunova, VO Barysheva

引用次数: 0

Education, health, and mercy. Training sisters of mercy at the Yaroslavl Medical University 教育、健康和仁慈在雅罗斯拉夫尔医科大学培训怜悯修女

Медицинская этика Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.24075/medet.2023.027

AL Khokholov, PS Zhbannikov, AYu Zarov, DE Firsov, AV Shkurankov, SV Makarov

引用次数: 0

On justifiability of animal research (based on the article by Cameron Shelley entitled ‘Why test animals to treat humans? on the validity of animal models’) 关于动物研究的合理性（根据卡梅伦-雪莱（Cameron Shelley）题为 "为什么用动物实验来治疗人类？

Медицинская этика Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.24075/medet.2023.026

HG Lugowska

{"title":"On justifiability of animal research (based on the article by Cameron Shelley entitled ‘Why test animals to treat humans? on the validity of animal models’)","authors":"HG Lugowska","doi":"10.24075/medet.2023.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24075/medet.2023.026","url":null,"abstract":"The article sums up the pros and cons regarding the animal models selected and critically explored by Cameron Shelley in the article entitled ‘Why test animals to treat humans? On the validity of animal models’. Special attention is given to the adaptation of the topic-related English version of this discourse for a Russian-speaking reader. Arguments of supporters and opponents of animal models provided by C. Shelley are reviewed. The issue of the effective use of animals in biomedical research considering the validity criterion is being discussed. The connection between the validity and morality of an animal model suggested by C. Shelley is further elaborated. According to C. Shelley, out of three critical arguments for animal modeling, the pseudoscience argument and the disanalogy argument do not work, as the pressing issues they raise are interpreted by supporters in the wrong way. The predictive validity argument is not sufficient, as the doubts raised about the predictive power of animal models are either not supported or lack clear formulation. C. Shelley states that assessing the validity of an animal model is a complex task, which includes various approaches to determining the extent of model validity as appropriate, and defines the problem as an issue of determining the type of validity and its effect on the assessed morality of an animal model. According to the author, ethical issues come down to pragmatics of validity as a criterion capable of disorientating critics of animal modeling or at least reconciling them with the necessity and inevitability of animal experiments.","PeriodicalId":507498,"journal":{"name":"Медицинская этика","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139305217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Medical students in clinical training: ethical aspects 临床培训中的医学生：伦理问题

Медицинская этика Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.24075/medet.2023.028

VA Deeva, EV Guseva, VS Demyanov, PA Isaeva, MA Polushkina, DM Ruck, AS Tihonova, TG Kim

引用次数: 0