The Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology最新文献

{"title":"Application of Thermodynamic Modeling (Activity Diagrams) to Carbonated Ultramafic Rocks Associated with Orogenic Gold Environments","authors":"Derek D. V. Leung, D. Tinkham, Andrew M. Mcdonald","doi":"10.3749/2400012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3749/2400012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":506895,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"104 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141683616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perchiazziite, Co2(CO3)(OH)2, a New Member of the Rosasite–Malachite Group from the Monte Ramazzo Mine, Italy","authors":"Anna Barbaro, F. Nestola, A. Kasatkin, Matteo Ardit, Nicola Rotiroti, R. Škoda, A. Agakhanov, M. C. Dalconi, Fabrizio Castellaro","doi":"10.3749/2300048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3749/2300048","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Perchiazziite, ideally Co2(CO3)(OH)2, is a new mineral discovered at the Monte Ramazzo Mine, Genova Province, Liguria, Italy. It occurs as globular aggregates up to 0.1 mm in diameter, composed of very thin fibers. These develop on a matrix composed mostly of goethite and magnetite, in association with calcite and Co-bearing malachite. Aggregates of perchiazziite are pale orange-pink on their outer surfaces but white in thin section. It is translucent with white streak, silky luster, brittle tenacity, and uneven fracture. No cleavage and parting are observed. The Mohs hardness is ∼4. Dcalc. = 3.970 g/cm3. The mean refractive index calculated using the Gladstone-Dale equation is 1.77. The main bands in the Raman spectrum are at 154, 511, 707, 1085, 1526, 3304, aXnd 3479 cm−1. The chemical composition (by electron microprobe; CO2 and H2O by stoichiometry) of perchiazziite is (in wt.%): MgO 1.81, CaO 0.41, MnO 0.32, FeO 0.12, CoO 32.45, NiO 4.02, CuO 5.40, ZnO 25.60, CO2 20.63, H2O 8.42, total 99.18. The empirical formula calculated on the basis of 5 O apfu is: (Co0.93Zn0.67Cu0.15Ni0.12Mg0.10Ca0.02Mn0.01)Σ2.00(CO3)(OH)2. The crystal structure was refined by the Rietveld method. Perchiazziite is monoclinic, space group P21/a, a = 12.1832(16) Å, b = 9.3187(16) Å, c = 3.1570(3) Å, β = 97.165(15)°, V = 355.62(8) Å3, and Z = 4. The strongest lines of the X-ray powder diffraction pattern [d, Å (I, %) (hkl)] are 6.040 (22) (200), 5.073 (38) (210), 3.694 (53) (220), 2.599 (100) (021), 2.535 (26) (420), 2.480 (27) (221̄), 2.140 (26) (231̄), 1.561 (25) (202̄). Perchiazziite is a new member of the rosasite–malachite group.","PeriodicalId":506895,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"136 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140260668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphogenesis of Hollow Bulbous Gypsum Structures Along a Brine Spring in Northeast Alberta","authors":"Paul L. Broughton","doi":"10.3749/2300012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3749/2300012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The stromatolite tufa mound at La Saline Lake developed along the Athabasca River Valley in northeast Alberta consists of a 30 m-high structure with a multi-meter thick caprock of stratified gypsum. The gypsum caprock developed when the meteoric-charged groundwater channeled along shallowly buried Upper Devonian limestone was redirected deeper and encountered anhydrite beds of the Middle Devonian Prairie Evaporite Formation, only 175–200 m below. Discharge of the sulfate-saturated brine from the central vent of the gypsum caprock eventually ceased and the flow was redirected to the western lakefront bank of the tufa mound. This active brine spring, characterized by total dissolved solids level of ∼79,000 mg/L, is channeled along a 25 m gully toward La Saline Lake. The bottom sediment in each of the interconnected brine pools along the gully consists of a 2–4 cm-thick calcite-gypsum thrombolite and an overlying gypsum crust. This sulfate crust developed as densely packed arrays of hollow botryoidal to hemispheroidal and bulbous gypsum protuberances, each 0.5–1.5 cm long, that extend upward into the brine. This is the first documented example of bulbous protuberances of gypsum that developed within brine pools with hollow interiors. The unusual hollowness of these bulbous gypsum protuberances resulted from the rapid encasement of gas bubbles that ascended from the underlying thrombolite ooze and were trapped within the overlying microbial mats and meshwork of gypsum crystallites on the surface of the bottom pool sediment. Nanoscale biomineralization of gypsum developed along the parallel arrays of microbial stalks within the enveloping mat, resulting in a meshwork of parallel aligned crystallites that encased the surfaces of the trapped bubbles. Continued abiotic gypsum precipitation transitioned the abiotic crystallites into enlarged needle-form crystallites distributed as parallel arrays along curvilinear growth surface laminae. Sufficient rigidity on the bubble surfaces precluded implosion-collapse or detachment. Strontium adsorption widely stabilized the acicular crystals, inhibiting complete coalescence as gypsum spar.","PeriodicalId":506895,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140260580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tectono-Metamorphic Evolution of the Cretaceous Kluane Schist, Southwest Yukon","authors":"Will. F. Mckenzie, H. D. Gibson, B. Dyck, Matthew Steele-Macinnis","doi":"10.3749/2300031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3749/2300031","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A wealth of information regarding the Mesozoic evolution of the Northern Canadian and Alaskan Cordillera is held within a series of variably metamorphosed and deformed rocks that formed in Jura-Cretaceous basins. Located at the interface between the pericratonic Intermontane and exotic Insular terranes, these basinal rocks are key to understanding the timing and tectonic style of Insular terrane accretion, a topic of longstanding debate. This study unravels the structural and metamorphic evolution of one of these basins, the Kluane Basin, within southwest Yukon Territory.\u0000 The Kluane Schist is the primary assemblage of the Kluane Basin. It consists of metamorphosed and deformed low-Al pelites that were intruded by granodioritic plutons of the Paleocene Ruby Range batholith. Previous workers have suggested the variable metamorphic character of the Kluane Schist represents an extensive and static thermal aureole related to Ruby Range batholith emplacement. Our work, however, indicates that the Kluane Schist experienced Buchan-style metamorphism coeval with protracted deformation and can be divided into seven distinct petrologic zones, which, based on their unique combination of mineral assemblage and structure, are incompatible with static thermal metamorphism. Instead, we propose the Kluane Schist experienced two distinct metamorphic phases: (1) an early greenschist-facies phase that resulted in the development of a bedding-parallel chlorite-muscovite-titanite fabric, preserved by its lowest-grade units, and (2) a later amphibolite-facies phase that manifests as the progressive transposition of the earlier chlorite-muscovite-titanite fabric into a penetrative biotite-rich schistosity that transitions upgrade into a segregated gneissic fabric comprised of biotite-cordierite and plagioclase-quartz (± sillimanite-K-feldspar-melt).\u0000 By integrating the results of detailed petrography and petrological modeling, we demonstrate that the second main metamorphic phase experienced by the Kluane Schist preserves a record of pressures and temperatures that align with other Buchan-style terranes worldwide. Our data defines a field gradient across the Kluane Schist ranging from 3.0–3.5 kbar at 375–400 °C to 4–4.5 kbar at 700–750 °C. This record of a coupled Buchan-style metamorphic-deformational evolution and tops-to-the SW non-coaxial shear structures is consistent with the override of the thermally mature Yukon-Tanana terrane as the principal driver of Kluane Schist metamorphism, with some limited heat likely contributed by the late-syn- to post-tectonic intrusion of the Ruby Range batholith.","PeriodicalId":506895,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"55 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140258681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Minerals from the Redmond Mine, North Carolina, USA: V. Finescreekite and Hayelasdiite, Two New Thiosulfate Minerals Containing Cubane-Like\u0000 Pb4O4\u0000 Structural Units","authors":"A. R. Kampf, Jason B. Smith, John M. Hughes, Chiu‐Shun Ma, Christopher R. Emproto","doi":"10.3749/2300044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3749/2300044","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The new minerals finescreekite, [Pb4(OH)4](S2O3)2 (IMA2022–030), and hayelasdiite, [Pb4O1.5(OH)2.5]2[Cu+5(S2O3)4(S2O2OH)2(H2O)]·4H2O (IMA2022–021), were found in the Redmond mine, Haywood County, North Carolina, USA, where they occur in a highly unusual secondary assemblage that comprises a variety of rare Pb-Zn-Cu sulfates, thiosulfates, and carbonates. Finescreekite was found in close association with anglesite, cubothioplumbite, redmondite, and steverustite. Hayelasdiite was found in close association with anglesite and steverustite. Finescreekite properties: colorless tablets to about 1.5 mm across; white streak; resinous to adamantine luster; brittle; Mohs hardness ∼ 2½; curved, stepped fracture; excellent cleavage on {001}, fair on {100}, {010}, and {110}; 5.675 g/cm3 calculated density; biaxial (−) with α = 2.00(1), β = 2.04(calc), γ = 2.065(calc), 2V = 75.9(5)°. Hayelasdiite properties: colorless prisms and blades to about 0.5 mm in length; white streak; vitreous to subadamantine luster; brittle; Mohs hardness ∼ 2½; curved fracture; perfect cleavage on {010}; 4.909 g/cm3 calculated density; biaxial (−) with α = 1.89(1), β = 1.95(calc), γ = 1.97(calc), 2V = 58(5)°. Electron probe microanalyses provided the empirical formulae [Pb4(OH)4](S2O3)1.76(SO4)0.24 and [Pb4.00O1.5(OH)2.5]2[Cu+5.00(S2O3)3.24(SO4)0.76(S2O2OH)2(H2O)]·4H2O for finescreekite and hayelasdiite, respectively. Finescreekite is Orthorhombic, P212121, a = 8.2330(9), b = 10.7128(13), c = 14.8256(13) Å, V = 1307.6(2) Å3, and Z = 4. Hayelasdiite is triclinic, P1̄, a = 7.52089(15), b =14.9345(3), c = 17.9895(13) Å, α = 106.727(8), β = 90.966(6), γ = 90.031(6)°, V = 1934.79(16) Å3, and Z = 2. The structures of finescreekite (R1 = 0.061 for 1440 I > 2σI) and hayelasdiite (R1 = 0.055 for 5636 I > 2σI) both contain cubane-like Pb4O4 clusters, [Pb4(OH)4]4+ in finescreekite and [Pb4O1.5(OH)2.5]2.5+ in hayelasdiite. The structure of hayelasdiite also contains a decorated double chain with the formula [Cu+5(S2O3)4(S2O2OH)2(H2O)]5−.","PeriodicalId":506895,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"54 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140258892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ronpetersonite,BaWO4, the Barium Analogue of Scheelite, a New Mineral from the Gun Occurrence in the Yukon, Canada","authors":"Mary G. Macquistan, Lee A. Groat","doi":"10.3749/2300059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3749/2300059","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Ronpetersonite, BaWO4, is a new mineral from the Gun occurrence in the Yukon, Canada, where it is found in aggregates up to 500 µm in diameter in a groundmass comprised of witherite, cerchiaraite-(Al), and edingtonite. Grains of ronpetersonite are heavily included and anhedral. Crystals are colorless and transparent with a vitreous luster and white streak. Fracture and cleavage could not be determined. The calculated density is 6.363 g/cm3 based on the empirical formula. The empirical formula calculated on the basis of electron probe microanalysis (n = 11) is Ba1.00W1.00O4. Ronpetersonite is tetragonal, I41/a (space group 88), a = 5.6192(4) Å, b = 5.6192(4) Å, c = 12.7348(11) Å, α = 90.0(0)°, β = 90.0(0)°, γ = 90.0(0)°, V = 402.11(6) Å3, Z = 4. The crystal structure [R1 = 1.2% for 400 reflections with Fo > 4σ(Fo) and R1 = 1.8% for all 491 unique reflections] shows ronpetersonite to be the Ba-analogue of scheelite. The mineral is named in honor of Emeritus Professor Dr. Ronald C. Peterson of Queen’s University for his important contributions to mineralogy, especially the mineralogy of mine wastes, sulfate minerals, and the mineralogy of Mars.","PeriodicalId":506895,"journal":{"name":"The Canadian Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140266411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}