SVOA Neurology最新文献

{"title":"Neurosciences and Nobel Prizes in Medicine and Physiology, A Brief Historical Sketch","authors":"Enrique Marcos Sierra Benitez","doi":"10.58624/svoane.2023.04.0118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58624/svoane.2023.04.0118","url":null,"abstract":"In order to stimulate and promote the development of humanity, Alfred Bernhard Nobel, in his will, established with his fortune a fund with which the best exponents in Literature, Physiology or Medicine, Physics, Chemistry and Peace would be rewarded. Over the years, awardees have come from various fields related to physiology and medicine. This review was motivated by the large number of Nobel Prize winners in Medicine and Physiology in the neuroscientific field. Despite there being numerous publications about this award, there are few that specifically deal with neuroscience, so it was decided to briefly describe it. the Nobel Prizes that were awarded to this branch of medicine, highlighting those that were considered most important by the authors and mentioning the others.","PeriodicalId":505846,"journal":{"name":"SVOA Neurology","volume":"71 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139171994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 66-Year-Old Woman Presented with Sudden Onset Eye Pain and Loss of Vision: Do Not Miss MOGAD","authors":"Tarek Matar, Mamoun Saeed, Eleanor Taylor, Olga Kirmi, Fatima Jaffer","doi":"10.58624/svoane.2023.04.0119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58624/svoane.2023.04.0119","url":null,"abstract":"A 66 -year- old woman presented to ED with sudden onset eye pain and unilateral loss of vision. She had considerable vascular risk factors including age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia. She was referred to neurology service with possible arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION). Given her age, painful visual loss and raised ESR, she was treated with steroids for possible giant cell arteritis (GCA). Because of her psychiatric history and poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, steroids were weaned quickly. 6 months later, she had a similar presentation affecting the other eye. MRI head showed disease progression with positive myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody in serum. MOG associated disorder (MOG-AD) is a steroid responsive inflammatory demyelinating disease but needs long term immunosuppression plan and monitoring of serum antibody.","PeriodicalId":505846,"journal":{"name":"SVOA Neurology","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139171614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hyperglycemic Hemicoreorea/Hemiballism","authors":"Ignacio Saguier Padilla","doi":"10.58624/svoane.2023.04.0116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58624/svoane.2023.04.0116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505846,"journal":{"name":"SVOA Neurology","volume":"21 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139180725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Clinical Audit: Assessing the Diagnostic Delay of Primary Brain Tumors, Glioblastoma IDH-Wild Type and Primary CNS Lymphoma; Exploring the Use of CSF Liquid Biopsy","authors":"Sana J. Ghosheh","doi":"10.58624/svoane.2023.04.0117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58624/svoane.2023.04.0117","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diagnostic delay is a critical issue in healthcare, often leading to delayed treatment and poor patient outcomes. Diagnostic errors contribute to about 10% of patient deaths annually. Delays are very prevalent in Glioblastoma and Primary CNS Lymphoma. Both have an aggressive nature and a short survival rate, which urges for early diagnosis to ensue treatment as quick as possible. The delayed diagnosis can be attributed to tumor-specific factors such as challenging differential diagnoses, inadequate methods in achieving optimal outcomes, and the presence of confounding factors like steroid usage. Aims and Objectives: The objective of this clinical audit is to analyse patient records within an oncology unit. The primary goal is to assess the quality of practice by evaluating the standards of diagnosis and treatment. Additionally, the audit aims to pinpoint areas that require improvement at every stage of patient management, encompassing administration, symptom evaluation, and post-therapeutic measures. Based on these findings, a comprehensive plan of action will be proposed to address the identified issues effectively. Standards and Methods: In this Clinical Audit, we assessed the adherence of 10 Glioblastoma and PCNSL patients in a neuro oncology unit, to standards and guidelines set by professional medical associations. Which include World Health Organisation (WHO), National Health Service England (NHS), and European Association of Neuro-oncology (EANO). Results: Our cohort showed long diagnostic delays, minimum and maximum values of 30 and 1825 days. The sample did not show significantly longer delays compared to other PCNSL or HGG patients, all collected from the literature, with p values of 0.174 and 0.637, respectively. Conclusions: In Conclusion, Diagnostic Delay attributed to PCNSL and Glioblastoma can be pinpointed to the inadequacy of existing standards in relying solely on stereotactic biopsies for definite diagnosis when it may not be ideal for all patients at all tumor stages. A plan of action encouraging large clinical trials of CSF Liquid Biopsy is recommended with an employment of recent advances and focusing on detecting circular tumor DNA for the diagnostic insight it provides. As well as exploring its use during or post therapy to monitor the lesion and pathology. To also adhere strictly to the discouragement of steroid use for the negative prognostic factors it causes.","PeriodicalId":505846,"journal":{"name":"SVOA Neurology","volume":"112 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139182075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Delayed Diagnosis of Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy in Young Adults: A Scoping Review","authors":"Sara Abdullah Albuainain, Amal Abdullah Almutairi, Elham Saleh Al-Zahrani, Atheer Abdullah Alsalem, Mohammed Salah Elmagzoub, Amina Sabry","doi":"10.58624/svoane.2023.04.0113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58624/svoane.2023.04.0113","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The most prevalent idiopathic generalized epilepsies of adolescence and early adulthood is juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). Its diagnosis is usually missed, wrongly labeled, and frequently delayed worldwide. This scoping review focused on the factors that contribute to JME diagnosis delays and how to avoid them. Methodology: The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis protocols for comparative published articles were used. To determine the factors that cause the delay of diagnosis of JME, a search in PubMed and ScienceDirect (Summon) using keywords \"JME\" and \"Janz epilepsy\" revealed a sum of 13410 articles. However, when including the keywords; 'delayed diagnosis', 'human',' English language', 'young adults' and 'free full text'; and excluded 'duplicated and unrelated articles we remained with 15 articles. The participants were young adult patients. Results: Out of the 15 articles two have reported a delay in the diagnosis of JME by14 years, while the rest varied from 1 to 11 years. With the mean age of delay being 20 ±10 years. One of the various reasons contributing to this delay is failure to elicit a myoclonic jerk history due to lack of familiarity with the syndrome which accounted for 93.3%, followed by misleading or misinterpretation of EEG 86.6%, normal EEG 80%, presenting initial seizure with GTC 66.67% and patients fail to mention their own myoclonic jerks 60%. Conclusion: Despite well-defined diagnostic criteria and growing public knowledge of JME, misdiagnosis remains an issue that causes the delay by several years.","PeriodicalId":505846,"journal":{"name":"SVOA Neurology","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139209835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Gut Microbiome: Unveiling its Potential Role in Dementia Risk","authors":"Asia Filatov","doi":"10.58624/svoane.2023.04.0112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58624/svoane.2023.04.0112","url":null,"abstract":"Dementia is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and functional impairment. The gut microbiome, a complex ecosystem of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract, has emerged as a potential contributor to dementia risk. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the existing literature, analyzing 20 relevant studies to explore the role of the gut microbiome in dementia risk. The findings highlight the potential mechanisms underlying this association and discuss potential therapeutic interventions. The results suggest that the gut microbiome may play a significant role in modulating brain health and cognitive function, providing new avenues for understanding and managing dementia.","PeriodicalId":505846,"journal":{"name":"SVOA Neurology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139242314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decompressive Craniectomy Versus Cisternostomy in Traumatic Intracranial Hypertension. Systematic Review","authors":"Enrique Marcos Sierra Benitez","doi":"10.58624/svoane.2023.04.0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58624/svoane.2023.04.0111","url":null,"abstract":"To compare the usefulness of decompressive craniectomy versus cisternostomy in the surgical management of Traumatic Intracranial Hypertension was the objective of the present bibliographic review. A search was carried out for articles in journals from the databases: PubMed, Scielo and EBSCO. The key words used were: intracranial hypertension, severe craniocerebral trauma, decompressive craniectomy and cisternostomy. Searches were conducted with these terms in English and Spanish. Articles with the full text were consulted, published mainly between 2015 and 2023 in Spanish or English, although in multicenter and multinational studies with high global impact on the topic, the year of publication was not taken into account, given the importance of its inclusion in the present review. Articles that reflected controversies about Decompressive Craniectomy and Cisternostomy as a measure in ICH refractory to medical treatment were selected with priority. Decompressive craniectomy and Cisternostomy are surgical methods that have been shown to reduce intracranial pressure and mortality in patients with traumatic intracranial hypertension refractory to medical therapy, although decompressive craniectomy presents a higher and more reliable level of evidence than cisternostomy, the new mechanisms for reducing intracranial pressure in the latter procedure seem promising in the near future.","PeriodicalId":505846,"journal":{"name":"SVOA Neurology","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139243536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neglected Alkaptonuric Patients Presented with Symptomatic Degenerative Disc Disorders: Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature","authors":"Navid Faraji, Seyed Reza Etemadoleslami Bakhtiari, Mavlonov Jaloliddin Begijonovich, Bahodurov Subhonidin Sharafiddinovich, Davlatov Manuchekhr Valievich, Daniel Kheradmand, Saba Delasaeimarvi, Seyed Ali Shariat Razavi, Masoumeh Taghdisi","doi":"10.58624/svoane.2023.04.0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58624/svoane.2023.04.0110","url":null,"abstract":"Alkaptonuria (AKU) is a rare autosomal disorder characterized by the accumulation of excess homogentisic acid (HGA) in connective tissues. Herein, we report the uncommon presentation of degenerative lumbar disc disease occurring in two patients with AKU warranting spinal surgery. We report two cases of symptomatic disc herniation and vertebral canal stenosis, presented with radiculopathy and progressive neurogenic claudication, respectively. During spinal surgery, blackened ligamentum flavum and intervertebral disc raised the suspicion of a metabolic disorder. Re-examination of patients revealed nose and ear cartilage discoloration in only one of them, however, histopathological findings and urinalysis were confirmatory for AKU in both. Notwithstanding the rarity of AKU, spine surgeons must be vigilant in their examination and diagnosis, and should not exclude any possible diagnosis without thorough consideration.","PeriodicalId":505846,"journal":{"name":"SVOA Neurology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139265087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}