Asian Journal of Research in Zoology最新文献

{"title":"First Record of the Hammer-Headed Worm (Bipalium spp) along with Checklist of Invertebrate Fauna from Patna, Bihar, India","authors":"MD Shahbaz, Ahbar Alam, Mohammad Masroor Zafar, Shahla Yasmin","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3152","url":null,"abstract":"There are records of hammerhead flatworms from many parts of India, but no information from Bihar. The hammer-headed worm was first recorded in the campus of Patna Science College in August 2022.  Hammer-headed worms (Bipalium spp.) are known for their unique appearance and behavior, which make them fascinating to researchers and nature enthusiasts alike. These worms have a distinct hammer-shaped head, which contains two eyes and sensory organs that help them detect prey. The authors noted that the spread of exotic land planarians in the region is likely due to human activities such as trade and transportation, and recommended further studies to assess their impact on native soil-dwelling invertebrates. This study emphasizes the importance of conducting regular surveys to document the biodiversity including the soil invertebrates.","PeriodicalId":505236,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":"11 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141267207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity and Distribution of Ichthyofauna in the Inland Waters of Sudan: A Review","authors":"Mutasim Yousif Mohamed Abdalla, A. E. Adam","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i3151","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies of the freshwater fish diversity and composition in Sudan were reviewed; A total number of 132 fish species belonging to 68 genera and 27 families were identified from the rivers, lakes and wetlands in Sudan, showing a significant increase in species richness compared to previous reports. The majority of these species belonged to families such as Cyprinidae, Mormyridae, Mochokidae and Cichlidae; The White Nile exhibited the highest biodiversity and richness of species, with 120 fish species (91%), followed by Lake Nubia (41%) and the Blue Nile (36%). Seasonal rivers (Atbara and Dinder Rivers) showed relatively low diversity, representing 20% and 14.4% of the total recorded number of species respectively; while Um Dafoug rainwater reservoir showed the lowest species diversity, representing only 9.8% of the total number of species recorded in Sudan inland waters.","PeriodicalId":505236,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":"37 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141109587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme (AChE) Activity in the Developing Brain of TSD Lizard, Calotes Versicolor (Daud.)","authors":"Rahul M. Handi, Laxmi S. Inamdar Doddamani","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i1140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i1140","url":null,"abstract":"Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a critical enzyme in the neuronal cholinergic system of vertebrates. It is one of the efficient cholinesterases that is involved in the termination of acetylcholine-mediated neurotransmission, rapidly hydrolyzing acetylcholine into acetate and choline. Barring a few reports on the distribution/presence of AChE enzyme activity in the adult reptilian species there are nil reports on the presence of this enzyme activity in the developing brain. Hence, the present investigation aims to evaluate AChE enzyme activity in the developing brain of an oviparous lizard, Calotes versicolor which exhibits a novel Female-Male-Female-Male (FMFM) pattern of temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). The eggs were collected during breeding season, padded with moist cotton, and incubated in an incubator at 30o C. The whole brain from the embryos was collected during different developmental stages from oviposition (Stage 27) to hatching (stage 42). The AChE enzyme activity was quantified in the brain, according to Ellman’s protocol using a spectrophotometer. The findings reveal that the onset of AChE enzyme activity is observed as early as at oviposition, which reflects the early action of AChE activity in the developing brain. The observed results albeit indirectly suggest the involvement of AChE enzyme activity in the morphogenetic process. Further, an exponential increase in AChE activity during the post-gonadal differentiation phase indicates age-related elevation in AChE enzyme activity which in turn unveils its involvement in neuronal transmission of the embryonic brain. Besides, this specific AChE enzyme activity in the developing brain of Calotes versicolor represents a conserved pattern for the cholinergic system in vertebrates.","PeriodicalId":505236,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":"1 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139846386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme (AChE) Activity in the Developing Brain of TSD Lizard, Calotes Versicolor (Daud.)","authors":"Rahul M. Handi, Laxmi S. Inamdar Doddamani","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i1140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i1140","url":null,"abstract":"Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is a critical enzyme in the neuronal cholinergic system of vertebrates. It is one of the efficient cholinesterases that is involved in the termination of acetylcholine-mediated neurotransmission, rapidly hydrolyzing acetylcholine into acetate and choline. Barring a few reports on the distribution/presence of AChE enzyme activity in the adult reptilian species there are nil reports on the presence of this enzyme activity in the developing brain. Hence, the present investigation aims to evaluate AChE enzyme activity in the developing brain of an oviparous lizard, Calotes versicolor which exhibits a novel Female-Male-Female-Male (FMFM) pattern of temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). The eggs were collected during breeding season, padded with moist cotton, and incubated in an incubator at 30o C. The whole brain from the embryos was collected during different developmental stages from oviposition (Stage 27) to hatching (stage 42). The AChE enzyme activity was quantified in the brain, according to Ellman’s protocol using a spectrophotometer. The findings reveal that the onset of AChE enzyme activity is observed as early as at oviposition, which reflects the early action of AChE activity in the developing brain. The observed results albeit indirectly suggest the involvement of AChE enzyme activity in the morphogenetic process. Further, an exponential increase in AChE activity during the post-gonadal differentiation phase indicates age-related elevation in AChE enzyme activity which in turn unveils its involvement in neuronal transmission of the embryonic brain. Besides, this specific AChE enzyme activity in the developing brain of Calotes versicolor represents a conserved pattern for the cholinergic system in vertebrates.","PeriodicalId":505236,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":"2 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139786522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency of Different Techniques in Collecting Insects in Environments Exposed to Palm Oil and Spent Engine Oil Effluents in Abakiliki, Ebonyi State","authors":"Okeke, T.E., Ewuim, S.C., Ononye, B.U., Chukwudebelu, A.E., Mbelede, K.C.","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i1139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i1139","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the ecological consequences of palm oil and spent engine oil effluents on insect populations, employing a comparative analysis of two widely used collection techniques: pitfall traps and sweep netting. The aim was to assess the effectiveness of these methods in capturing and quantifying insect diversity and abundance in polluted environments. The research was conducted in selected sites exposed to palm oil and spent engine oil effluents, with corresponding control sites for comparison. Pitfall traps and sweep netting were deployed simultaneously to collect insects across various habitats impacted by the aforementioned effluents. The collected specimens were then identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible, and population data were analyzed to evaluate the relative impact of each effluent type on insect communities. Furthermore, statistical analyses were employed to compare the efficiency of pitfall traps and sweep netting in detecting changes in insect populations. The study revealed that pitfall traps recorded significantly higher number of insects (72.93%) than sweep nets (27.07%) in sites exposed to palm oil effluent (P<0.05). The result obtained in the site exposed to spent engine oil effluent showed that pitfall traps recorded significantly higher number of insects (80.61%) than sweep nets (19.39%) (P<0.05). This study contributes to the ecological repercussions of industrial effluents on insect populations, offering a methodological comparison that can enhance the precision of future insect-related environmental assessments.","PeriodicalId":505236,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":"18 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139863682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency of Different Techniques in Collecting Insects in Environments Exposed to Palm Oil and Spent Engine Oil Effluents in Abakiliki, Ebonyi State","authors":"Okeke, T.E., Ewuim, S.C., Ononye, B.U., Chukwudebelu, A.E., Mbelede, K.C.","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i1139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i1139","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the ecological consequences of palm oil and spent engine oil effluents on insect populations, employing a comparative analysis of two widely used collection techniques: pitfall traps and sweep netting. The aim was to assess the effectiveness of these methods in capturing and quantifying insect diversity and abundance in polluted environments. The research was conducted in selected sites exposed to palm oil and spent engine oil effluents, with corresponding control sites for comparison. Pitfall traps and sweep netting were deployed simultaneously to collect insects across various habitats impacted by the aforementioned effluents. The collected specimens were then identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible, and population data were analyzed to evaluate the relative impact of each effluent type on insect communities. Furthermore, statistical analyses were employed to compare the efficiency of pitfall traps and sweep netting in detecting changes in insect populations. The study revealed that pitfall traps recorded significantly higher number of insects (72.93%) than sweep nets (27.07%) in sites exposed to palm oil effluent (P<0.05). The result obtained in the site exposed to spent engine oil effluent showed that pitfall traps recorded significantly higher number of insects (80.61%) than sweep nets (19.39%) (P<0.05). This study contributes to the ecological repercussions of industrial effluents on insect populations, offering a methodological comparison that can enhance the precision of future insect-related environmental assessments.","PeriodicalId":505236,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139803638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological Status of a Tropical Inland Water Using Macroinvertebrate Feeding Groups and Sediment Characteristics","authors":"Adeleke Sikiru Oladimeji, Amusan Babatunde Omokunle, Akin-Aina Olawumi Funmilayo","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i1137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i1137","url":null,"abstract":"Changing environmental conditions have an important influence on the functional and structural organization of macroinvertebrates in water. The involvements of macroinvertebrates in Bio-monitoring have focused largely on their distribution pattern in water while neglecting the functional and feeding structure. This study aims to use the structure and habitat preferences of macroinvertebrates to provide reliable information on the ecological integrity of Atori Reservoir. Macroinvertebrates were sampled once every two months from selected sample stations in Atori Reservoir for a period covering both wet and dry seasons of an annual cycle. The collected macroinvertebrates were categorized into functional groups using feeding patterns, habitat preferences and mode of locomotion. The reservoir sediment was also analyzed for selected physico-chemical characteristics. Predators (feeding pattern) and Skaters (locomotion and habitat preference) were dominant in the collection. Many of the functional feeding groups were more abundant in the dry season. In fact, Collector-gatherers and shredders were recorded only in the dry season. There was no significant difference in the seasonal variation in the distribution of the macroinvertebrates in the reservoir. The physico-chemical parameters of the sediment did not vary significantly across the sample stations but paired samples T-test showed significant differences in the seasonal variations of physico-chemical parameters of the sediment in the reservoir The dominance of predators and skaters, which are known tolerant species have implications for the ecological integrity of the water. The dominance of tolerant species and the physico-chemical characteristics of the sediment suggested the presence of mild pollution in Atori Reservoir. Proactive conservative measures should be taken in order to prevent further degradation of the water quality as well as prevention of loss of biodiversity in the waterbody.","PeriodicalId":505236,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":"63 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139600513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current State and Future Potential of Fisheries in the Mirsharai Coastal Areas of Chattogram for Enhancing Bangladesh’s Blue Economy","authors":"Md. Atiqul Islam Mondal, Abdullah Al Mamun Siddiqui, Seema Rani, Showmitra Chowdhury, Siraj Uddin Md. Babar Chowdhury","doi":"10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i1136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2024/v7i1136","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study aims to comprehensively assess the fisheries resources in the Mirsharai coastal area of Chattogram district, focusing on their contribution to both local and national economies. The research seeks to identify challenges and vulnerabilities, particularly those arising from climate change, impacting pond owners, fish farmers, hatchery owners, and nursery owners in the region. \u0000Study Design: The study adopts a cross-sectional design, employing field surveys and interviews to collect data on fish production, and challenges faced by stakeholders. The cross-sectional approach allows for a holistic understanding of the current state of fisheries resources and their interactions with climatic factors. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted in Mirsharai, a coastal upazila of Chattogram district, Bangladesh. The study encompasses data collected during the January to December 2016, providing insights into the dynamics of fish production, and challenges faced by fisheries stakeholders in Mirsharai. \u0000Methodology: Field surveys were conducted to gather quantitative data on fish production from both capture and culture fisheries. Additionally, interviews with pond owners, fish farmers, hatchery owners, and nursery owners were conducted to qualitatively assess the impact of challenges faced by fisheries stakeholders in Mirsharai on their operations and economic well-being. The combination of quantitative and qualitative methods ensures a comprehensive analysis. \u0000Results: The average fish production in capture fisheries was determined to be 63 kg/ha, while culture fisheries, specifically pond aquaculture, yield an average of 1656 kg/ha. The results highlight the significant impact of challenges faced by fisheries stakeholders in Mirsharai on the local fisheries sector, revealing challenges related to market timing, post-larvae availability, and pricing that affect the economic sustainability of stakeholders. \u0000Conclusion: The findings underscore the vulnerability of Mirsharai's fisheries to challenges faced by fisheries stakeholders in Mirsharai, emphasizing economic losses for fish farmers, hatchery owners, and nursery owners. The conclusion calls for urgent adaptive measures and climate-resilient strategies in the fisheries sector to ensure sustainability and viability in the face of evolving climatic conditions. \u0000Implication: This study has implications for fisheries management and policy development, emphasizing the need for proactive measures to address climate-induced challenges and sustain the economic well-being of fisheries stakeholders in the Mirsharai coastal area.","PeriodicalId":505236,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Zoology","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139607087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}