Health Open Research最新文献

Unveiling the Variances: Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) Patient Admissions in Teaching vs Nonteaching Hospitals 揭示差异：教学医院与非教学医院骨髓增生异常综合征 (MDS) 患者入院情况对比

Health Open Research Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.12688/healthopenres.13618.1

Saad Javaid, Nouman Aziz, Kelly Frasier

{"title":"Unveiling the Variances: Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) Patient Admissions in Teaching vs Nonteaching Hospitals","authors":"Saad Javaid, Nouman Aziz, Kelly Frasier","doi":"10.12688/healthopenres.13618.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/healthopenres.13618.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background We have carried out an analysis to evaluate the influence of hospital teaching status on the outcomes of individuals hospitalized with MDS. Methods The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) dataset for the years 2019-2020 was employed to identify individuals who were hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of MDS. These patients were then categorized into two groups: those who were hospitalized in teaching hospitals and those who were hospitalized in non-teaching hospitals. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to calculate the primary and secondary outcomes. Results In the years 2019 and 2020, a total of 17,000 patients were hospitalized with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Among these, 24.05% (4,080) were admitted to non-teaching hospitals, while 75.94% (12,920) were admitted to teaching hospitals. Patients admitted to teaching hospitals had a higher likelihood of mortality (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.03-3.27, P=0.037), as well as increased lengths of stay (+3.58 Days, 95% CI 2.82-4.34, P<0.001)and total hospitalization costs (+USD 66818, 95% CI 50528-83108, P<0.001). Additionally, patients in teaching hospitals had a higher incidence of acute respiratory failure (6.81% vs 4.4%), acute kidney injury (23.89% vs 17.72%), hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (14.36% vs 0.61%), and febrile neutropenia (11.03% vs 5.86%). However, patients in teaching hospitals had a lower incidence of anemia (41.86% vs 48.53%) and blood transfusions (38.8% vs 55.37%). Conclusion Individuals who were admitted to teaching hospitals with Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) exhibited a notably higher mortality rate, as well as an extended length of stay and a corresponding increase in the total cost of hospitalization. Patients in teaching hospitals were also at risk for acute kidney injury, acute respiratory failure and febrile neutropenia.","PeriodicalId":504977,"journal":{"name":"Health Open Research","volume":"34 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140660706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Introducing the Tele-OCS: Preliminary evidence of validity for a remotely administered version of The Oxford Cognitive Screen 介绍远程认知筛查系统（Tele-OCS）：牛津认知筛查远程管理版本有效性的初步证据

Health Open Research Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.12688/healthopenres.13291.2

S. Webb, Chloe Carrick, Andrea Kusec, N. Demeyere

{"title":"Introducing the Tele-OCS: Preliminary evidence of validity for a remotely administered version of The Oxford Cognitive Screen","authors":"S. Webb, Chloe Carrick, Andrea Kusec, N. Demeyere","doi":"10.12688/healthopenres.13291.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/healthopenres.13291.2","url":null,"abstract":"Background Remote cognitive assessments are increasingly used with the rising popularity of teleneuropsychology. Here, we evaluated the performance of the remotely administered Oxford Cognitive Screen (Tele-OCS) compared to in-person administration in adult stroke survivors. Methods 40 stroke survivors (M age = 69.30, SD = 10.44; sex = 30% female) completed in-person and remote versions of the OCS on average 30 days apart, with different trained examiners. The order of administration was counterbalanced. Cohen’s d estimates were used to compare performance between modalities. Results We found that the proportion of OCS subtasks impaired did not differ across modalities (d <.001). With regards to raw subtask scores, only the picture naming subtask and executive score from the trail making subtask were found to be statistically different across modalities, though raw differences were minimal (<1 point difference on average). These statistical differences did not affect impairment classifications. Conclusions The Tele-OCS classified cognitive impairments in a comparable way to the in-person version. The validation of the Tele-OCS allows for remote assessment to increase accessibility and pragmatically aid in addressing the clinical need for stroke-specific cognitive screening in a wider population.","PeriodicalId":504977,"journal":{"name":"Health Open Research","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Realtime physical simulator for virtual reality sailing by patients with spinal cord injury: an innovative voyage 用于脊髓损伤患者虚拟现实航行的实时物理模拟器：创新航行

Health Open Research Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.12688/healthopenres.13582.1

Norman R Saunders, A. Recio, S. Stiens, M. Morgan, Shalini Selvarajah, Amna C Mazeh, M. Habgood

{"title":"Realtime physical simulator for virtual reality sailing by patients with spinal cord injury: an innovative voyage","authors":"Norman R Saunders, A. Recio, S. Stiens, M. Morgan, Shalini Selvarajah, Amna C Mazeh, M. Habgood","doi":"10.12688/healthopenres.13582.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/healthopenres.13582.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background The aim of this study was to explore whether sail training using a VSail® simulator would allow people with spinal cord injuries (SCI) to learn to sail in a safe controlled environment and then sail competently on the water in wind of moderate strength (12 knots). A battery of physical tests and questionnaires was used to evaluate possible improvements in health and well-being as a consequence of participation in the trial. Methods Twenty participants were recruited with the assistance of their physicians from The International Center for Spinal Cord Injury, Kennedy Krieger Institute. Inclusion criteria were SCI >6 months previously, medically stable, with no recent (1 month or less) inpatient admission for acute medical or surgical issues. All neurological SCI levels (C1-S1) were eligible. All subjects followed a programme of instruction leading to mastery of basic sailing techniques (steering predetermined courses, sail trimming, tacking, gybing and mark rounding). Results Not all participants completed the study for various reasons. Those that did were seven males and six females, six with tetraplegia and seven with paraplegia. The mean age was 45 years (23 to 63) and the average time since injury was 14.7 years (2 to 38 years). At the end of the course subjects were able to perform the sailing maneuvers and navigate a triangular racecourse on the simulator’s display in 12 knots of wind within a pre-set time. At 6 weeks post completion of training most subjects showed a decrease in depression, physical and social limitations, and an improvement in physical tests. These improvements were maintained or increased in most participants by 12 weeks, but not others. Conclusions The primary objective of the trial was achieved as all participants who completed the VSail® training were able to sail on the water at the Downtown Sailing Center in Baltimore.","PeriodicalId":504977,"journal":{"name":"Health Open Research","volume":"35 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139962424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding nootropics and cognitive enhancement: mechanism of action and ethical considerations 了解脑力激荡药和认知强化剂：作用机制和伦理考量

Health Open Research Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.12688/healthopenres.13504.1

Jenilkumar H. Patel, Angelle King, Mahant Malempati, Milee Patel

{"title":"Understanding nootropics and cognitive enhancement: mechanism of action and ethical considerations","authors":"Jenilkumar H. Patel, Angelle King, Mahant Malempati, Milee Patel","doi":"10.12688/healthopenres.13504.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/healthopenres.13504.1","url":null,"abstract":"Nootropics are substances that enhance cognition through various mechanisms. Nootropics include various substances, ranging from derivatives of neurotransmitters to naturally occurring plants. They are used therapeutically for certain psychological disorders including Alzheimer’s dementia and mild cognitive impairment. More recently, healthy individuals have been shown to consume nootropics to enhance mental processes above baseline levels. Nootropic modes of action vary, but the most supported mechanisms include increased acetylcholine levels in synapses, increased levels of monoamine oxidases, long-term potentiation through neural modulation of glutamate receptors, and decreased adenosine levels. However, numerous side effects can occur when taking nootropics, including insomnia, dependence, nausea, and anxiety. Nootropics also need to be considered when physicians prescribe them, as some individuals who request these drugs are perfectly healthy. In addition, the effects of nootropics are often misportrayed in popular media, leading individuals to think that these substances will give them a drastic increase in their cognitive ability.","PeriodicalId":504977,"journal":{"name":"Health Open Research","volume":"17 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139443511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0