Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Antibiotic Susceptibility of Klebsiella pneumonia Isolates from Hospitalized Patients in Three Referral Medical Centers in Isfahan, Iran","authors":"Sayed Nassereddin Mostafavi Esfahani, S. Rostami, Abtin Astaraki","doi":"10.5812/zjrms-140226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/zjrms-140226","url":null,"abstract":": Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is a major cause of nosocomial and community-acquired infections (CAIs). Understanding the antibiotic susceptibility of this bacterium is essential for selecting the most effective antibiotic for associated infections. Objectives: We investigated the sensitivity of K. pneumonia (KP) isolates obtained from inpatients in Isfahan, Iran. Methods: Organism identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were conducted using standard tests. Stratification was performed based on extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production and the source of infection acquisition (community versus hospital). Results: A total of 437 KP isolates were investigated, of which 5.5% were pan drug resistant (PDR), 56.8% were extensively drug resistant (XDR), and 18% were ESBL producers. The isolates were most susceptible to colistin (100%), aminoglycosides (62.8%), and carbapenems (55%). Nosocomial isolates showed lower sensitivity to most of the examined antibiotics. Conclusions: The high prevalence of PDR and XDR KP strains in hospitalized patients is a major problem in the studied area.","PeriodicalId":504456,"journal":{"name":"Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140998611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Efficacy of Inhaled Corticosteroid (ICS) Treatment in COPD Patients Based on Blood Eosinophilia: A Clinical Trial Study","authors":"Mohammad Kazem Momeni, Omolbanin Afroshte, M. Mashhadi, A. Payandeh, Mahmoud Amirian, Mohadeseh Chahkandi","doi":"10.5812/zjrms-138439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/zjrms-138439","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) have been widely used in the maintenance therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Eosinophilic airway inflammation is a recognized inflammatory endotype in COPD. Nevertheless, the benefits and risks of ICS treatment remain controversial. Objectives: Therefore, in this study, we determine the frequency of eosinophilia in COPD patients and compare the effects of ICSs in patients with and without eosinophilia referring to the lung clinics of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this study, 58 COPD patients were examined. Peripheral blood smears (PBS) were collected from all patients, and they were randomly divided into 2 groups. First, a 6-minute walking test (6MWT) was performed on all patients. Thereafter, two groups of patients received standard treatment with the Symbicort spray for 3 months. They were followed for this period, and the 6MWT was performed again at the end of the 3 months. Results: The mean results of the 6MWT test before and after intervention in the eosinophilia-positive group were 164.02 meters and 192.11 meters, respectively. Therefore, there was a significant difference in patient activity levels before and after ICSs (P = 0.017). In the eosinophilia-negative group, there was a significant difference in patient activity levels based on the 6MWT test before and after taking ICSs (P < 0.001). However, there was no difference in activity levels between the two groups before and after the intervention (P = 0.68 and P = 0.36). Conclusions: Our finding showed that treatment with inhaled β2-agonists plus corticosteroids did not affect the response to this treatment in subjects' groups with and without eosinophilia compared to the pre-treatment conditions.","PeriodicalId":504456,"journal":{"name":"Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141002998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Neurological and Neuropsychological Functions Within Depressed Patients with and Without Suicidal Thoughts","authors":"D. Ghaderi","doi":"10.5812/zjrms-144010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/zjrms-144010","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study was designed and conducted to compare the neurological and neuropsychological functions of depressed patients with and without suicidal thoughts. Methods: This research is a case-comparative study. A group of depressed patients visited NAJA Imam Sajjad Hospital between early August and late October 2016. According to the Morgan table, 66 individuals (33 with suicidal thoughts and 33 without) were selected for comparison with controlled variables in this examination. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Neurological Evaluation Scale, and Wechsler Memory Scale (for neuropsychological function) were administered to all the participants. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Scheffe follow-up test, and SPSS version 22 software. Results: The findings indicated that the group of depressed patients with suicidal thoughts showed poorer scores in neurological functions compared to the control group (P = 0.01). Furthermore, the control group scored higher than the depressed group with suicidal thoughts on the Wechsler Memory Scale (P = 0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that depressed patients with suicidal thoughts exhibit worse performance in both neurological and neuropsychological functions compared to the non-suicidal group.","PeriodicalId":504456,"journal":{"name":"Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":" 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140216466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revitalizing Your Skin: The Power of Microneedling with PRP for Pigmentation Reduction","authors":"Mehrdad Shahraki, A. Khazaei, Sadra Amirpour Haradasht","doi":"10.5812/zjrms-143900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/zjrms-143900","url":null,"abstract":": Treating facial pigmentation disorders has become controversial, with patients requesting less invasive and more effective treatments that minimize side effects. Microneedling, combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP), has recently emerged as a common treatment in the field of aesthetic medicine, with numerous articles highlighting its use in restorative treatments and its effectiveness. However, there have been no reports to date on the use of this technique for addressing facial pigmentation disorders. In this article, we present a successful case study utilizing microneedling in combination with PRP to eliminate facial pigmentation. Based on the available evidence, it appears that this treatment approach is highly effective and carries minimal risk of side effects when used to address facial pigmentation.","PeriodicalId":504456,"journal":{"name":"Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"56 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140232420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mediating Role of Social Health in the Relationships Between Depression, Lifestyle, and Control Over Negative Thoughts Among Mothers of Children with Intellectual Disabilities","authors":"Mahasti Samadpour Javaheri, S. Bavi, F. Hooman","doi":"10.5812/zjrms-144092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/zjrms-144092","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Caring for children with intellectual disabilities presents physical and emotional challenges for mothers, who may experience increased depression as a result. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the mediating role of social health in the association between depression, lifestyle, and control over negative thoughts among mothers of children with intellectual disabilities. Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, the research population comprised mothers of children with intellectual disabilities in Tehran in 2020. A sample of 213 mothers was selected via convenience sampling according to the number of variables under investigation. Data collection tools included the Beck Depression Inventory, Thought Control Questionnaire, Lifestyle Assessment Inventory, and Social Well-being Scale. Structural equation modeling was utilized to assess the proposed model. Results: There was a significant direct and inverse relationship between control over negative thoughts and depression, as well as between social health and depression, among mothers of children with intellectual disabilities (P < 0.001). The findings indicated a significant positive relationship between control over negative thoughts and social health and between lifestyle and social health (P < 0.001). No significant relationship was found between lifestyle and depression. The study also revealed a significant indirect relationship between control over negative thoughts and depression, mediated by social health. Similarly, the association between lifestyle and depression, mediated by social health, was significant (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The model demonstrated a strong fit and can inform the creation and implementation of interventions aimed at alleviating stress and reducing depression among these mothers.","PeriodicalId":504456,"journal":{"name":"Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"224 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140233664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating and Tissues Concentrations of Selected Trace Elements in Response to Moderate Physical Exercise: Protective Effects of Cucurbita pepo Seeds Oil and Extraction","authors":"Amirhossein Dastan, A. Ghanbari-Niaki, Khadijeh Nasiri, Abolfazl Akbari","doi":"10.5812/zjrms-144739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/zjrms-144739","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Physical exercise and the subsequent recovery processes have been proposed to affect the essential hemostatic balance of trace elements, either by increasing degradation rates or by enhancing loss from the body. This might disturb the function of vital metabolic organs, such as muscles and liver, leading to unsatisfactory performance. It appears that taking advantage of mineral-rich herbal supplements could replenish the body's mineral sources. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Cucurbita pepo supplementation on exercise-induced dynamics of micronutrients in serum, liver, and skeletal muscle of Wistar rats. Methods: Forty male Wistar rats (aged 4 - 6 weeks old, weighing 130 - 150 g) were randomly divided into four groups of ten rats each: (1) Saline control group (SC), (2) training at 25 m/min group (ST), (3) pumpkin seed oil supplementation group (PC), and (4) pumpkin seed oil supplementation + Training at 25m/min (PT). Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (25 m/min, eliciting approximately 65% VO2Peak) and consumption of pumpkin seed oil (4 ml/kg/day) were conducted for 6 weeks. The ICP-OES technique was used to measure plasma, liver, and skeletal muscle levels of zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), and copper (Cu) approximately 48 to 72 hours after the final session of the training protocol. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Bonferroni tests (P < 0.05). Results: No significant changes in serum Fe (P = 0.728) and Mn (P = 0.52) levels, as well as liver tissue levels of Zn (P = 0.633), Fe (P = 0.512), Mn (P = 0.194), Mg (P = 0.156), and Cu (P = 0.711), were observed among the intervention groups. However, all trace mineral element (TME) concentrations, except for Cu (P = 0.907) in the gastrocnemius tissue, significantly changed among the study groups (P < 0.05). Additionally, the results of the Bonferroni test showed that six weeks of moderate physical activity decreased the serum, liver, and gastrocnemius levels of TMEs, and subsequent supplementation with pumpkin seed oil played a replenishing role in preserving the resources. Conclusions: Pumpkin seed oil supplementation was demonstrated to be an effective ergogenic aid for the up-regulation and replenishment of exercise-induced TME excretion from the liver, gastrocnemius, and body fluids in healthy rats.","PeriodicalId":504456,"journal":{"name":"Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"86 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140232466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidative Effects of Hydro-Alcoholic Extract and Essential Oil of Quercus brantii Exerts Anti-Depressant-Like Effect and Improvement of Memory Defect in Progesterone-Induced Postpartum Depression in Rats","authors":"sina - taghvimi, mahnaz kesmati, Ali Shahriari, Seyed Reza Fatemi Tabatabaei","doi":"10.5812/zjrms-143020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/zjrms-143020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Depression and memory disorders are known to be associated with increased oxidative stress. There is evidence suggesting that Quercus brantii (Q. brantii) possesses antioxidant properties. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the impact of Q. brantii hydro-alcoholic extract and oil on cognitive dysfunction in a postpartum depression (PPD) model and on oxidant/antioxidant activity in the hippocampus of adult female rats. Methods: Forty-two female Wistar rats (200 - 250 g) were randomly divided into six groups. PPD was induced by chronic intraperitoneal administration (5 days) of progesterone at a dose of 5 mg/kg, and three days after discontinuation, depressive behavior was assessed using a forced swimming test. Simultaneously, Quercus brantii hydro-alcoholic extract (100 mg/kg) and oil (45%) were administered. Spatial memory and locomotor activity were evaluated 24 hours after training using the Morris water maze and open field tests, respectively. The hippocampus tissue of all rats was used to evaluate oxidant-antioxidant factors, Vitamin D, and corticosterone levels. Results: Quercus brantii extract significantly reduced depression (P < 0.05). Treatment with Q. brantii extract and oil improved spatial memory and learning (P < 0.05). The Q. brantii extract increased levels of SOD, GSH, catalase, and vitamin D while decreasing MDA levels; additionally, Q. brantii oil increased SOD and vitamin D levels and decreased MDA levels in the brain (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Quercus brantii extract and oil appear to have beneficial effects on learning and memory impairment in a PPD-induced model, which may be associated with their biochemical effects on the brain.","PeriodicalId":504456,"journal":{"name":"Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"7 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140247478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discharge Against Medical Advice from Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Some Influencing Factors in an Academic Center","authors":"Sadroddin Mahdipour, Reyhaneh Shahrokhi Rad, Misa Naghdipour Mirsadeghi, Gelareh Biazar, M. Javanak, Mahin Tayefeh Ashrafiyeh, M. Ahmadi, Alireza Bakhtiari Lafmejani","doi":"10.5812/zjrms-135409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/zjrms-135409","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Background: Early discharge from the hospital against medical advice poses a significant threat to the health of patients, particularly neonates, who are a vulnerable population. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the frequency of neonatal discharge with personal consent and identify the most influential factors. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Alzahra Hospital in Rasht from 2020 to 2021. Using a census method, information on all infants discharged against medical advice was extracted from the hospital's clinical records available in the information system. Data on the reason for neonatal hospitalization and discharge against medical advice, neonatal age, weight, maternal education, and insurance status were recorded. Results: Among 2327 neonates, 581 (24.96%) were discharged from the hospital against medical advice. The primary cause of early discharge was related to family problems (64.4%), followed by dissatisfaction with the hospital and treatment process (15.3%), prolonged hospitalization (11%), and financial problems (9.3%). A significant association was found between neonatal age, weight, type of delivery, maternal education, insurance status, and the reason for hospitalization with the reason for discharge against medical advice (all P < 0.001). Conclusions: The rate of discharge against medical advice in this study was notably higher compared to other studies, possibly due to the timing of the study coinciding with the peak of COVID-19 and the different reasons for hospitalization, such as icterus versus sepsis. Family problems were identified as the main cause of discharge against medical advice, while financial problems were the least common. Therefore, practical and preventive solutions should be provided to families whenever possible.","PeriodicalId":504456,"journal":{"name":"Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"20 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140264000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Emotionally Focused Therapy for Couples in Improving Emotion Regulation and Relationship Distress of Emotionally Divorced Couples","authors":"Khadijeh Bazyari, F. Hooman, Marzieh Talebzadeh Shoushtari, Zahra Eftekhar Saadi","doi":"10.5812/zjrms-142128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/zjrms-142128","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Couples therapy has become a top priority due to the increasing prevalence of divorce cases in Iran, particularly among young couples, and the escalating family conflicts. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the impact of emotionally focused therapy (EFT) on couples' emotion regulation and relationship distress in cases of emotional divorce. Methods: This experimental research utilized a pretest-posttest follow-up design. The study population included all couples with emotional divorce seeking counseling at the counseling centers in Ramshir County, Khuzestan Province (Iran) in 2022. Purposive sampling was employed to select 12 couples (24 individuals). The experimental group participated in EFT for couples, consisting of 9 sessions lasting 90 minutes each. Data were collected using the Gottman Emotional Divorce Scale, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and Marital Disturbance Questionnaire. Repeated measures ANOVA was used for data analysis. Results: The mean ± SD scores for emotion regulation in couples who underwent EFT in the pretest, posttest, and follow-up stages were 77.25 ± 10.17, 115.50 ± 12.40, and 125.00 ± 7.71, respectively. Additionally, the mean ± SD scores for relationship distress in couples during the pretest, posttest, and follow-up stages were 40.33 ± 1.88, 21.04 ± 3.04, and 19.79 ± 2.06, respectively. The findings indicated that EFT for couples significantly improved emotion regulation and relationship distress in couples experiencing emotional divorce (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Emotionally focused therapy for couples can enhance emotion regulation and alleviate relationship distress in couples dealing with marital conflicts and emotional divorce. It is recommended for psychotherapists and family counselors as an effective intervention to address marital conflicts in couples experiencing emotional divorce. Furthermore, it can be incorporated into premarital counseling sessions.","PeriodicalId":504456,"journal":{"name":"Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140509389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}