Research for Rural Development 2023 : annual 29th international scientific conference proceedings最新文献

Changes in semi-natural grassland distribution in relation to common agricultural policy 2014–2020 area-based payments in Latvia 与拉脱维亚 2014-2020 年共同农业政策按面积付费有关的半天然草地分布变化

Research for Rural Development 2023 : annual 29th international scientific conference proceedings Pub Date : 2023-12-17 DOI: 10.22616/rrd.29.2023.002

S. Rūsiņa, Gundega Vacere, P. Lakovskis, Linda Ievina

{"title":"Changes in semi-natural grassland distribution in relation to common agricultural policy 2014–2020 area-based payments in Latvia","authors":"S. Rūsiņa, Gundega Vacere, P. Lakovskis, Linda Ievina","doi":"10.22616/rrd.29.2023.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22616/rrd.29.2023.002","url":null,"abstract":"Semi-natural grasslands (SNG) are essential in the context of farmland biodiversity. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), on the other hand, is an important tool for the continuation of the management of semi-natural grasslands. Explicit knowledge on the pattern of grassland area changes is important to foster a more effective use of CAP for grassland biodiversity conservation. Our aim was to determine the habitat-specific changes in the distribution of Latvian SNG across different management regimes. Based on state-owned geospatial data of SNG distribution in 2014 and 2022, we assessed changes in semi-natural grassland areas over nearly ten years by analyzing grassland management and spatial distribution including areas inside and outside the Natura 2000 network. The spatial distribution of SNG remained similar in both periods. Eastern Latvia retained the highest share of SNG while the central part showed the most pronounced increase in new localities of SNG due to extensive habitat mapping carried out in recent years. Abandonment appeared as a more important threat to SNG in the Natura 2000 network and more profoundly to unproductive habitat types while transformation into arable land and grassland intensification was a considerable threat to SNG outside the network and to more productive habitat types. We suggest that agri-environment schemes should address the different needs of SNG in the Natura 2000 network and outside it.","PeriodicalId":503741,"journal":{"name":"Research for Rural Development 2023 : annual 29th international scientific conference proceedings","volume":"850 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139176742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flue gas analysis of apple and grey alder wood pellets in a meat smokehouse chamber 肉类熏制室中苹果和灰赤杨木颗粒的烟气分析

Research for Rural Development 2023 : annual 29th international scientific conference proceedings Pub Date : 2023-12-17 DOI: 10.22616/rrd.29.2023.005

Janis Zandbergs, Jordane Jean-Claude Champion, M. Zeps

{"title":"Flue gas analysis of apple and grey alder wood pellets in a meat smokehouse chamber","authors":"Janis Zandbergs, Jordane Jean-Claude Champion, M. Zeps","doi":"10.22616/rrd.29.2023.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22616/rrd.29.2023.005","url":null,"abstract":"The use of the smoke released during the wood burning process to prepare food products is a centuries-long tradition, practically all over the world. However, during the combustion process, a group of compounds called polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are formed in the flue gases, which are carcinogenic and condense during the smoking process and diffuse into the smoked food product. Therefore, permissible PAH norms have been set for food producers, which significantly complicate the use of wood. In the study, using a gas analyzer, we measured the flue gases released during the burning of specially made, apple and gray alder wood pellets, with and without enrichment of the supplied air with ozone. The use of ozone does not ensure a higher burning temperature of pellets, but it stabilizes it – temperature fluctuations are significantly wider using non-ozonated air (697 to 817 and 611 to 817 ℃, respectively). The content of CO2, CO, as well as CH4 and N2O increases significantly in apple wood flue gases using ozonated air, while CH4 increases and N2O decreases in gray alder smoke. Which generally indicates specific reactions with ozone during combustion. Comparing the flue gases released during the burning of apple and grey alder wood pellets, grey alder smoke contains significantly more N2O and CO2 than apple wood pellet flue gases. On the other hand, using ozonated air in the combustion process increases N2O significantly in the flue gas of apple tree pellets compared to white alder.","PeriodicalId":503741,"journal":{"name":"Research for Rural Development 2023 : annual 29th international scientific conference proceedings","volume":"37 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139176390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hyperspectral imaging for early detection of foliar fungal diseases on small grain cereals: a minireview 超光谱成像用于早期检测小粒谷物的叶面真菌病害：小视图

Research for Rural Development 2023 : annual 29th international scientific conference proceedings Pub Date : 2023-12-17 DOI: 10.22616/rrd.29.2023.001

Maksims Filipovics

{"title":"Hyperspectral imaging for early detection of foliar fungal diseases on small grain cereals: a minireview","authors":"Maksims Filipovics","doi":"10.22616/rrd.29.2023.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22616/rrd.29.2023.001","url":null,"abstract":"Foliar fungal diseases of small grain cereals are economically among the most important diseases worldwide and in the Baltics. Finding an effective, reliable, and easily accessible method for plant disease diagnosis still presents a challenge. Currently used methods include visual examination of the affected plant, morphological characterization of isolated pathogens and different molecular, and serological methods. All of these methods have important limitations, especially for large-area applications. Hyperspectral imaging is a promising technique to assess fungal diseases of plants, as it is a non-invasive, indirect detection method, where the plant’s responses to the biotic stress are identified as an indicator of the disease. Hyperspectral measurements can reveal a relationship between the spectral reflectance properties of plants and their structural characteristics, pigment concentrations, water level, etc., which are considerably influenced by biotic plant stress. Despite the high accuracy of the information obtained from hyperspectral detectors, the interpretation is still problematic, as it is influenced by various circumstances: noise level, lighting conditions, abiotic stress level, a complex interaction of the genotype and the environment, etc. The application of hyperspectral imaging in everyday farming practice will potentially allow farmers to obtain timely and precise information about the development of diseases and affected areas. This review provides an introduction into issues of hyperspectral imaging and data analysis and explores the published reports of worldwide research on the use of hyperspectral analysis in the detection of foliar fungal diseases of small-grain cereals.","PeriodicalId":503741,"journal":{"name":"Research for Rural Development 2023 : annual 29th international scientific conference proceedings","volume":"538 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139176775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carbon stock of decidious forests on organic soils in Latvia 拉脱维亚有机土壤上颓废森林的碳储量

Research for Rural Development 2023 : annual 29th international scientific conference proceedings Pub Date : 2023-12-17 DOI: 10.22616/rrd.29.2023.004

Kārlis Bičkovskis, Valters Samariks, Jānis Liepiņš, G. Šņepsts

{"title":"Carbon stock of decidious forests on organic soils in Latvia","authors":"Kārlis Bičkovskis, Valters Samariks, Jānis Liepiņš, G. Šņepsts","doi":"10.22616/rrd.29.2023.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22616/rrd.29.2023.004","url":null,"abstract":"Forests play a significant role in the mitigation of climate change through carbon storage and sequestration. However, a forest’s capacity to absorb carbon is influenced by a number of factors, such as soil characteristics, the selection of tree species, and the application of silvicultural practices. A study in Latvia was conducted to evaluate the carbon stock and sequestration potential of birch, common aspen, black alder and grey alder growing on periodically waterlogged and drained organic soils. Empirical data of forest resources were obtained from the National Forest Inventory (NFI) from 2016 to 2020. The findings indicate that black alder may thrive in both soil types, as it showed the best increase in carbon stock in periodically waterlogged soils, reaching a maximum of 129 t C ha-1 at the age of 61–70 years. Greater carbon sequestration in tree biomass occurs on drained soils compared to periodically waterlogged. Birch, aspen, and black alder stands may store between 106 and 119 t C ha-1 at age of 61 and 70 years, which is similar to grey alder stands at ages of 31–40 (114 ± 0.73 t C ha-1). Therefore, a short rotation for grey alder growing on drained organic soils could maximize carbon accumulation and add substitution value. These results suggest that different types of deciduous trees have varying capacities for carbon storage and sequestration, and that it’s important to consider site-specific factors, rotation age and silvicultural practices when aiming to maximize carbon sequestration in tree biomass.","PeriodicalId":503741,"journal":{"name":"Research for Rural Development 2023 : annual 29th international scientific conference proceedings","volume":"566 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139176739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The vitality of Taxus Baccata L. in forest stands in Slitere National Park, Latvia 拉脱维亚斯利泰雷国家公园林分中的紫杉（Taxus Baccata L.）的生命力

Research for Rural Development 2023 : annual 29th international scientific conference proceedings Pub Date : 2023-12-17 DOI: 10.22616/rrd.29.2023.003

Anna Lele, I. Straupe, S. Luguza

引用次数: 0