COMPASS最新文献 - Book学术

Effects of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 on Pseudoarthrosis and the Forensic Implications 神经纤维瘤病 1 型对假关节的影响及其法医学意义

COMPASS Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.29173/comp72

Alyssa Hildebrandt

{"title":"Effects of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 on Pseudoarthrosis and the Forensic Implications","authors":"Alyssa Hildebrandt","doi":"10.29173/comp72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/comp72","url":null,"abstract":"Pseudoarthrosis is the presentation of false joints or non-union, primarily in long bones. While pseudoarthrosis most often presents as the lack of union between parts of a fractured or broken bone, it is also suspected that pseudoarthrosis results from a congenital disorder of unknown origin. While the etiology is unclear, there is an association with a congenital defect in neurofibromatosis type 1 gene through the neurofibromin protein. This defect occurs during the germ line mutation of conception and is often identified during early childhood. Pseudoarthrosis is more often difficult to detect in adults as it is frequently corrected during childhood. Germ line defects along the neurofibromin protein often result in a lack of communication from the reticular activating system (RAS) molecular signaling, which, in turn, impacts skeletal osteon production. Consequently, osseous lesions may develop and lead to a lack of cellular control over osteoblast signaling in the long bones of the skeleton. Understanding the origins of congenital pseudoarthrosis and its relationship with neurofibromatosis type 1 could lead to a better understanding of both conditions. Understanding these conditions can be useful for interpreting forensic contexts. These contexts include having the histological knowledge of osteology in these diseases for identification purposes. Given that both neurofibromatosis type 1 and pseudoarthrosis are uncommon conditions, their presence may aid forensic practitioners in determining cause of death or identification of the individual. This paper reviews new advances towards understanding the root cause of pseudoarthrosis.","PeriodicalId":502423,"journal":{"name":"COMPASS","volume":"808 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139177370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Utilising Mythopoetic Paradigms for Subverting Prescriptive Linguistic Colonial Supremacies 利用神话范式颠覆规定性语言殖民至上主义

COMPASS Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.29173/comp87

Elliot Goodell Ugalde

引用次数: 0

Body Farms: A Field of Opportunity 人体农场：充满机遇的领域

COMPASS Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.29173/comp75

Séamus Rudden

引用次数: 0

New Methods for Establishing Time of Death when Dealing with Natural Mummification from Bog Environments 处理沼泽环境中的天然木乃伊时确定死亡时间的新方法

COMPASS Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.29173/comp69

Tristan Mula

{"title":"New Methods for Establishing Time of Death when Dealing with Natural Mummification from Bog Environments","authors":"Tristan Mula","doi":"10.29173/comp69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/comp69","url":null,"abstract":"Natural mummies are human and animal remains that have been naturally preserved over time. In most cases, these mummies are formed through a combination of environmental factors such as the soil's chemical makeup, temperature, and humidity. One of the most well-known, yet uncommon, examples of natural mummies are those found in bogs, wetland environments characterized by low oxygen levels and acidic water. Mummies discovered in these bog environments will be the focus of this paper. It will discuss the challenges associated with establishing the time of death for natural mummies. Various factors influence the mummification process including the acidity of the water, temperature, and the presence of microorganisms. As a result, traditional methods of estimating the time of death, or post-mortem interval (PMI), may not be reliable. This paper will also review recent advances in the field, including but not limited to stable isotope analysis, DNA sequencing, and proteomics. This will allow researchers to understand the taphonomic processes at play and improve the accuracy of time of death estimations. Overall, this paper provides practical insights into the complex processes involved in determining the time of death in natural mummies and offers information about new technologies useful for researchers in this field.","PeriodicalId":502423,"journal":{"name":"COMPASS","volume":"333 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139178024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial and an Image 社论和图片

COMPASS Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.29173/comp92

Hande Gür

引用次数: 0

How the Lion Groomed the Lamb 狮子如何打扮羔羊

COMPASS Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.29173/comp64

Brianne I. Bertram

引用次数: 0

Stone Tools and Our Primate Relatives 石器和我们的灵长类亲戚

COMPASS Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.29173/comp77

Prithvi Singh Kahlon

{"title":"Stone Tools and Our Primate Relatives","authors":"Prithvi Singh Kahlon","doi":"10.29173/comp77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29173/comp77","url":null,"abstract":"Within three millennia, capuchins appear to have made substantial progress in their use of stones relative to other living non-human primates, including the great apes. The rapid evolution of capuchin tool use can help us better understand unclear aspects of our own evolutionary journey; it can also inform us of the decisions we may have to make regarding how we will share our planet with this primate in the future. However, no prior literature has comparatively examined capuchin and human lithics within naturalistic contexts to subsequently tackle the issues of pre-Clovis validity and future capuchin stone use. Therefore, I first review secondary data on the lithic items that capuchins have been interacting with over the last 3000 years in the first section of this paper. Subsequently, I discuss the similarities between present-day capuchin-made lithics and human flintknapping attributes. Essentially, capuchins have become proficient in the motor-skills required to detach flakes from stones in a manner somewhat similar to Oldowan hominins. However, capuchins do not modify these flakes; they use them expediently as a source of mineral nutrition or as hammerstones for percussion activities. In the second section of this paper, I examine literature related to archaeologically controversial sites that supposedly suggest human presence in the Americas predating 12,000 years ago. In particular, I compare capuchin lithics with secondary data from one Mexican site and one Brazilian site to argue whether the stone items at the two sites were made by: 1) neotropical primates; or 2) the forces of nature. Based on my discussion of capuchin lithic activities from past to present, I make a conjecture in the final section of this paper that the right set of conditions could enable modern capuchins to potentially begin intentionally detaching flakes for tool use over the next few centuries.","PeriodicalId":502423,"journal":{"name":"COMPASS","volume":"173 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139178593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Title Page and Inside Cover 扉页和内页

COMPASS Pub Date : 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.29173/comp88

Compass Editors

引用次数: 0