Brain, digital, & learning最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of Child’s Spatial Ability","authors":"Min Jung Kang","doi":"10.31216/bdl.20230017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31216/bdl.20230017","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzed how the spatial ability of children in the first and second grades of elementary school appeared. The key components of spatial ability are mental rotation, spatial visualization, and spatial orientation, which serve as spatial ability. The research results are as follows. Children performed spatial orientation the best and had the most difficulty with mental rotation. And there was a significant difference in spatial ability by age, but there was no significant difference in gender and the interaction effect between age and gender. As a result of analysis by component, there was no significant difference in age and gender in mental rotation and spatial visualization, and there was no significant difference in the interaction between age and gender. Spatial orienting was found to have a significant difference in age, but there was no significant difference in gender, and there was no significant difference in the interaction between age and gender. The results of this study will be able to serve as basic data for interventions that can learn how to effectively learn spatial abilities and think by diagnosing children's spatial ability.","PeriodicalId":495387,"journal":{"name":"Brain, digital, & learning","volume":"172 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Affective Domains and Technology Acceptability of Collaborative Learning Using Generative AI ChatGPT of Preservice Teachers","authors":"Eun Jung Jang","doi":"10.31216/bdl.20230014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31216/bdl.20230014","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, in order to study educational utilization methods following the recent spread of generative AI ChatGPT, collaborative learning using ChatGPT was conducted for the preservice teachers, and the evaluation of the affective domain and the technology acceptance model was conducted afterward. This study consisted of 3 to 4 pre-service teachers from April 5 to May 10, 2023, and a total of 14 pre-service teachers participated in the study. The results of the evaluation of affective domain and the evaluation of technology acceptability were derived, and the opinions on the use of ChatGPT, the impressions of ChatGPT collaborative learning, and the opinions on the educational use of ChatGPT were summarized. The results of this study are as follows. First, regarding collaborative learning using ChatGPT, preservice teachers showed high scores in all sub-factors of the affective domains, followed by attitude, motivation, interest, and belief. Second, in the technology acceptability evaluation for collaborative learning using ChatGPT, pre-service teachers showed high scores in all sub-factors, followed by usefulness, ease of use, attitude to use, preferences, and learning opportunities. Third, to make good use of ChatGPT, questions must be clearly selected, and ChatGPT's answers are fast and help to think of new ideas. However, since the reliability of the answer is insufficient, it is necessary to check the authenticity and use it effectively. Fourth, in collaborative learning using ChatGPT, participants felt that education should change due to social changes, and individual assignments and other collaborative learning were enjoyable and meaningful times, and collaborative learning helped improve ChatGPT answers and produced rich results. Fifth, regarding the educational use of ChatGPT, ChatGPT is helpful to develop critical thinking skills. and can be used in various subjects such as discussion, writing, and computer classes. In order to use it educationally, it is necessary to provide guidelines for the use of ChatGPT and to provide guidance and feedback from teachers. Based on these results, ChatGPT has potential for educational use, and guidelines for its good use should be prepared, and appropriate use of ChatGPT and teacher guidance should be harmonized.","PeriodicalId":495387,"journal":{"name":"Brain, digital, & learning","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Niche Overlap and Proximity of Photosynthesis Concepts by Middle School Students' Cognitive Level","authors":"Hongyeon Kim, Soo-min Lim, Youngshin Kim","doi":"10.31216/bdl.20230012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31216/bdl.20230012","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to analyze the niche overlap and proximity of photosynthetic domain concepts according to the cognitive level of middle school students. For this, the subjects were 204 7th grade students. The cognitive level of middle school students was classified using the questionnaire used in GALT. After that, data on the concept relevance score and understanding level were collected using the concept relevance and understanding level questionnaire. The understanding level analysis framework and analyzed using the classification criteria modified and supplemented by Lim et al. The niche overlap of concepts was visualized using McPherson's square method using the concept relevance score and understanding level score, and the proximity between concepts was visualized using the multidimensional scaling method. The results of this study are as follows. First, students in the formal operational stage recognized science concepts closely as a result of learning, and the niche overlap between science concepts was high. Second, even after learning, niche overlap and proximity between concepts unrelated to the domain were presented, which differed according to cognitive levels. Third, the same concept had different niche overlap and proximity according to the domains, and there was a difference according to the cognitive level. Through the results of this study, it is necessary to connect and explain related scientific concepts for students with low cognitive levels. In addition, when the same concept is presented in different domains, it is expected that the properties and characteristics of each domain are clearly distinguished and taught.","PeriodicalId":495387,"journal":{"name":"Brain, digital, & learning","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on the Potential and Implication of Using ChatGPT in Moral Education: Focusing on the Moral Dilemma Discussion","authors":"Jinbong Ha","doi":"10.31216/bdl.20230016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31216/bdl.20230016","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to explore the potential applications of ChatGPT in moral education and to analyze it. Specifically, we seek concrete ways to utilize ChatGPT in moral dilemma discussion model. ChatGPT, a generative and conversational AI technology, is anticipated to be useful in creating moral dilemma narratives and facilitating discussions centered around these dilemmas. Firstly, ChatGPT can be utilized to generate educationally appropriate moral dilemma stories that reflect the developmental level and interests of students, based on its pre-trained vast amount of data. In this case, if teachers adjust the prompts based on the principles of creating moral dilemma stories, ChatGPT could yield valuable educational materials. Furthermore, it is possible to have a moral dilemma discussion with ChatGPT. By clarifying a few simple rules of the discussion and initially stating student's position, a debate involving arguments, refutations, and counter-refutations can take place. In this process, both students and teachers need to fully understand the purpose, process, and features of the moral dilemma discussion. For ChatGPT to be used as a desirable educational tool in moral education, it is important to accurately recognize the general limitations of ChatGPT and its limitations in the context of moral education, and to maintain a complementary relationship between ChatGPT and human educators and students.","PeriodicalId":495387,"journal":{"name":"Brain, digital, & learning","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study of Directions for Elementary History Education Based on Preservice Teachers' Lesson Analysis Responses","authors":"Haeyoung Lee","doi":"10.31216/bdl.20230013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31216/bdl.20230013","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzed elementary school history lessons by considering the characteristics of elementary school education and exploring alternative options for teaching history. This researcher established categories based on common topics identified by observing bestpractice lesson videos with preservice teachers and repeatedly reading lesson critique forms in which the preservice teachers analyzed the lessons. Analysis of the preservice teachers' responses showed that they considered student-led activities to be positive, but questioned the purpose of the activities. The preservice teachers also identified confusion caused by lesson models that did not accurately reflect the nature of history. Considering the level of elementary school students, expertise of elementary school teachers, and different views on subject matter, this research article suggests teaching the nature of history by focusing on historical concepts. Inquiry activities, in which students use basic historical concepts to produce knowledge, will contribute to the implementation of this teaching method.","PeriodicalId":495387,"journal":{"name":"Brain, digital, & learning","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Necessity of AI Utilization and Digital Competencies and Use Cases for Science Teachers","authors":"Mihyun Son","doi":"10.31216/bdl.20230015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31216/bdl.20230015","url":null,"abstract":"This exploratory qualitative study aimed to investigate the specific practices and the necessity of cultivating AI utilization capabilities and digital competencies among science teachers. The research involved interviews and focus group interviews with nine science teachers in secondary schools who incorporated AI and digital tools in their science classes. This study revealed that science teachers' need for AI literacy and digital competence can be categorized into the following key motivations: personal curiosity, a sense of fulfillment as educators, a passion for enhancing student engagement in lessons, and the evaluation of students' evolving competencies from a trans-disciplinary perspective. Furthermore, the study identified several implementation measures, including the utilization of AI tools for visualization, comprehension of AI tool principles at an accessible level, employment of computer languages for statistical data processing and visualization, adoption of platforms for identifying information sources and sharing information, utilization of diverse sensors while assessing their advantages and disadvantages, and the design of interdisciplinary science inquiry lessons that leverage the capabilities of AI tools and digital resources. The outcomes of this research contribute to enhancing the practicality of new scientific investigations and offer insights for formulating policy guidelines to foster science teachers' proficiency in AI utilization and digital competencies.","PeriodicalId":495387,"journal":{"name":"Brain, digital, & learning","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Analysis Actual Use and Perception of Class Using Coding of Chemistry Teacher","authors":"Sungki Kim, Hyunjung Kim","doi":"10.31216/bdl.20230018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31216/bdl.20230018","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the actual use and perceptions of class using coding for chemistry teachers. To this end, a questionnaire survey consisting of a total of 7 questions was conducted targeting 45 teachers. The research results were as follows. First, chemistry teachers had the most cases of using digital devices with ‘Utilizing PPT’, and the rate of experiencing coding-related education was not high during the teacher period as well as the pre-teacher period. As a result of examining the level of use, only two teachers were actually using coding in class. Second, chemistry teachers recognized that classes using coding would be effective for ‘increasing interest of class’ and ‘offering a variety of learning experiences’. As a result of open-ended response analysis of classes using coding, the frequency of negative keywords was higher than that of positive keywords, and the instructor's low readiness for coding was the biggest barrier to implementing classes using coding. Through these results, teachers recognized the value of classes using coding as a new learning tool, but in terms of actual use, teachers' preparation or conditions have not yet been formed, so the practice of classes using coding is low. Based on this, we discussed ways to activate classes using coding.","PeriodicalId":495387,"journal":{"name":"Brain, digital, & learning","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135032008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect on Differentiation and Maturation of Oligodendrocyte by Age of Cerebral Palsy Modeling Using Sprague Dawley Rat","authors":"Eun-Jung Yoon, Jiwon Jeong, Yeobin Park, Dongsun Park","doi":"10.31216/bdl.20230019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31216/bdl.20230019","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebral palsy induces motor, cognitive, attention, and behavioral dysfunctions caused by brain damages. It is caused by damage to oligodendrocyte induced hypoxic ischemia and injection in the perinatal period. Therefore, an animal models that performed hypoxiaischemia-lipopolysaccharide injection (HIL) at 4-7 days of age (PND) are widely used. However, there is a difference in the brain damage due to exposure time under the hypoxic condition, gender, and ligation surgery techniques. In this paper, the optimal surgical age was found by analyzing behavioral tests, inflammatory reactions, and the differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocytes by performing HIL on rats 4, 5, 6, and 7 days old, respectively. On the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th days of birth (PND) of male Sprague Dawley rats, the right common carotid artery was ligated, they were incubated in an environment of 37℃, 92% N2, and 8% O2, and then peritoneally injected LPS (1 mg/kg) after removing the ligation. The rota-rod test were performed at PND 10, 20, 30, and 40, and memory tests such as passive avoidance and Morris water maze tests were performed on PND36-40, and then they were euthanized to analyze inflammatory indicators (NF-kB, TNF-a, IL-6, iNOS, and COX2) and indicators of the differentiation and maturation (Olig2, CNPase). In the case of the PND4 group, the limb coordination test were significantly different from that of the normal group, but there was no difference in other analyses. In the case of PND5 group, there were significantly differences in limb coordination tests, memory tests, inflammatory indicators, and differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocyte. In the case of the PND6 group, there was a significantly difference in limb coordination and memory tests, and a significantly increase in inflammatory indicators compared to other groups, but the mortality rate increased and indicators of the differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocyte were increased. In the case of the PND7 group, the limb coordination test showed significantly differences compared to normal group, but there was no difference from the normal group in other analyses. In conclusion, this study suggests that the PND5 group, where abnormal behavioral tests, an increase in appropriate inflammatory indicators, and a decrease in maturation and differentiation-related proteins of oligodendrocyte are comprehensively observed, is most suitable.","PeriodicalId":495387,"journal":{"name":"Brain, digital, & learning","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}