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Report: China’s New AI Regulations 报告：中国新的人工智能法规
Global privacy law review Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.54648/gplr2024007
Esther Franks, Bianca Lee, Hui Xu
{"title":"Report: China’s New AI Regulations","authors":"Esther Franks, Bianca Lee, Hui Xu","doi":"10.54648/gplr2024007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/gplr2024007","url":null,"abstract":"The People’s Republic of China (PRC) has moved ahead of other jurisdictions in regulating Artificial Intelligence (AI) by enacting a set of regulations aimed at addressing risks associated with AI.\u0000This article reviews three key AI specific regulations enacted in the PRC in 2022 and 2023. Together these regulations set out comprehensive obligations on the use of generative AI and algorithmic recommendation services in the PRC.\u0000The obligations include general requirements such as to comply with the law and principles of fairness as well as to protect against incorrect political direction and violation of social morality.\u0000There are also more specific obligations to achieve those objectives. These include, ensuring the regulator has visibility of certain algorithms by requiring the filing of information about the relevant algorithms. Further there are specific obligations on service providers such as to label training data appropriately, take measures to screen illegal or harmful content, verify the identities of users for some services, protect against fake news and label artificial intelligence generated content as synthetic.\u0000The regulations also provide a suite of rights for users, including the right not to be targeted on the basis of their personal characteristics by services using AI algorithms.\u0000The obligations under these regulations are significant and it will be interesting to see how the PRC’s regulatory approach impacts the AI industry in the PRC in contrast to other jurisdictions where regulators are still looking at how to regulate AI or taking a different approach.\u0000PRC, China, Artificial Intelligence, AI Regulations","PeriodicalId":495313,"journal":{"name":"Global privacy law review","volume":"33 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140276829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Book review: Transatlantic Jurisdictional Conflicts in Data Protection Law: Fundamental Rights, Privacy and Extraterritoriality, Mistale Taylor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1st ed. 2023. 271 pp. GBP 95. ISBN 978-1-108-48956-0. 书评：数据保护法中的跨大西洋管辖权冲突：基本权利、隐私和治外法权》，Mistale Taylor 著。剑桥：剑桥大学出版社。1st ed. 2023.271 pp.GBP 95.ISBN978-1-108-48956-0。
Global privacy law review Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.54648/gplr2024003
Héctor Guzmán Rodríguez
{"title":"Book review: Transatlantic Jurisdictional Conflicts in Data Protection Law: Fundamental Rights, Privacy and Extraterritoriality, Mistale Taylor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1st ed. 2023. 271 pp. GBP 95. ISBN 978-1-108-48956-0.","authors":"Héctor Guzmán Rodríguez","doi":"10.54648/gplr2024003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/gplr2024003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":495313,"journal":{"name":"Global privacy law review","volume":"9 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140279419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The EU Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act: An Introduction 欧盟人工智能（AI）法案：简介
Global privacy law review Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.54648/gplr2024004
Ceyhun Necati Pehlivan
{"title":"The EU Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act: An Introduction","authors":"Ceyhun Necati Pehlivan","doi":"10.54648/gplr2024004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/gplr2024004","url":null,"abstract":"As part of its digital strategy, the European Commission proposed the world’s first-ever comprehensive legal framework on AI in April 2021. In December 2023, the Council and the Parliament reached a political agreement on the EU’s new Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act). The AI Act follows a risk-based approach and aims to ensure that AI systems placed on or used in the EU market are safe and respect fundamental rights. The AI Act is expected to become a model for AI governance worldwide in a similar way that the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) has influenced data protection regulation beyond European borders. While technical negotiations on the final text are ongoing and the final wording of the provisional agreement is not yet public, this article aims at providing a detailed overview and analysis of the upcoming provisions and requirements of the AI Act based on public (and some non-public) reports and press releases on the political agreement reached by the Council and the Parliament.\u0000AI Act, EU, Artificial Intelligence, AI, AI Systems, High-Risk, General Purpose, GPAI, Generative AI, Foundation Models, ChatGPT","PeriodicalId":495313,"journal":{"name":"Global privacy law review","volume":"52 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140273087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editorial: Regulating Artificial Intelligence (AI) 社论：监管人工智能（AI）
Global privacy law review Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.54648/gplr2024005
Ceyhun Necati Pehlivan
{"title":"Editorial: Regulating Artificial Intelligence (AI)","authors":"Ceyhun Necati Pehlivan","doi":"10.54648/gplr2024005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/gplr2024005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":495313,"journal":{"name":"Global privacy law review","volume":"28 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140277656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
India To Replace Information Technology Act With The Proposed Digital India Act: Out With The Old, In With The New? 印度将用拟议的《数字印度法》取代《信息技术法》：新旧交替？
Global privacy law review Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.54648/gplr2024002
Durga Priya Manda, Anant Narayan Misra
{"title":"India To Replace Information Technology Act With The Proposed Digital India Act: Out With The Old, In With The New?","authors":"Durga Priya Manda, Anant Narayan Misra","doi":"10.54648/gplr2024002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/gplr2024002","url":null,"abstract":"India is still in its nascent stage where cyber laws are concerned. However, the Indian government has ambitious plans to overhaul the cyber framework and bring it in line with global best practices. The nucleus of this framework in the proposed Digital India Act (DIA) which is intended to replace the existing Information Technology Act, 2000 (IT Act). The government has noted that the IT Act is unable to adapt with the rapidly evolving cyber sector and intends to overcome these shortcomings with the DIA. The governments, through the DIA, intents to bring about enhanced safety, classification of intermediaries, fair and open internet and increased accountability. While the DIA is a step in the right direction to ensure that India stays current, it has the potential to considerably impact Big Tech and their balance sheets.\u0000Privacy, Data Protection, Cyber Security, Intermediary, Safety, Global, News, India, Big Tech","PeriodicalId":495313,"journal":{"name":"Global privacy law review","volume":"879 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140273426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Article: AI, Facial Recognition, and Policing: Business Opportunities and Legal Challenges: A UK Analysis with Glimpses of EU Law 文章：人工智能、面部识别与警务：商机与法律挑战：英国分析与欧盟法律一瞥
Global privacy law review Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.54648/gplr2024008
Camilla Della Giustina, Pierre de Gioia Carabellese
{"title":"Article: AI, Facial Recognition, and Policing: Business Opportunities and Legal Challenges: A UK Analysis with Glimpses of EU Law","authors":"Camilla Della Giustina, Pierre de Gioia Carabellese","doi":"10.54648/gplr2024008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/gplr2024008","url":null,"abstract":"It is a well-known fact that the health emergency caused an unprecedented surge in both information technology (IT) and digitalization. Not only did the virus spread, but technological advancement was also taking place: tracking ill people allowed for a semblance of normal social life to continue, despite the pandemic lockdown. One of the main consequences of the pandemic was the implementation of a large-scale video-surveillance system. This article examines, from a legal perspective, the relationship between video-surveillance activity and citizens’ rights, and attempts to balance the two sides of the same coin through a comparative analysis. To this end, reference is made to the UK case law and the controversy resolved by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). Finally, an empirical approach on this matter is provided by the recent guidelines adopted by the European Data Protection Board (EDPB) and the EU Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act).\u0000Artificial Intelligence, AI, Video-Surveillance, Automated Facial Recognition, Technology, Human Rights, Privacy, Policing, Rule of Law","PeriodicalId":495313,"journal":{"name":"Global privacy law review","volume":"75 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140271775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Right to Scrap Data on the Internet: From the US Case hiQLabs, Inc. v. LinkedIn Corp. to the ChatGPT Scraping Cases: Differences Between US and EU Law 从美国 hiQLabs, Inc：从美国 hiQLabs 公司诉 LinkedIn 公司案到 ChatGPT 搜索案：美国和欧盟法律的差异
Global privacy law review Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.54648/gplr2024001
Javier Torre de Silva y López de Letona
{"title":"The Right to Scrap Data on the Internet: From the US Case hiQLabs, Inc. v. LinkedIn Corp. to the ChatGPT Scraping Cases: Differences Between US and EU Law","authors":"Javier Torre de Silva y López de Letona","doi":"10.54648/gplr2024001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54648/gplr2024001","url":null,"abstract":"Data scraping is of the essence for generative artificial intelligence (AI), such as ChatGPT, as the data needed for AI training are in most cases obtained by this means. The first litigations regarding data scraping for training of generative AI systems are starting now. It is therefore relevant reviewing the case Law and regulation regarding data scraping, including the United States (US) Court of Appeals of the Ninth Circuit in the hiQ v. LinkedIn case. This case reveals the important differences between the US Law and the European Union (EU) (and United Kingdom (UK)) Law under several points of view: criminal law, privacy/data protection law, intellectual property (IP) rights (and sui generis rights), and even law of contracts. The idea that there is no ownership to unprotected, non-personal, publicly available data coincides with some recent EU Member States rulings. Data scraping is not illicit as such (the Google search engine is always scraping, and has been doing so since its creation), but it needs to respect some criminal law restrictions, privacy or data protection obligations, copyright and contractual Law. This article reviews this protection in both the US and the EU/UK and analyses the impact of the existing data scraping case law in the ChatGPT issues and very recent litigations.\u0000Data Scraping, AI, ChatGPT, hiQ v. LinkedIn, Data Protection, GDPR, Intellectual Property","PeriodicalId":495313,"journal":{"name":"Global privacy law review","volume":"10 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140268131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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