{"title":"Development of Comparative Forecasting Models of Daily Prices of Aggressive Pension Mutual Funds by Univariate Time Series Methods","authors":"Simge Eşsiz, M. Ordu","doi":"10.34110/forecasting.1465436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34110/forecasting.1465436","url":null,"abstract":"The primary goal of the individual pension system is to enhance retirees' living standards by generating supplementary income through the investment of their savings during retirement. This involves guiding individuals to invest their savings in pension mutual funds. This research aims to develop comparative forecasting models using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Exponential Smoothing techniques for the daily prices of pension mutual funds categorized as aggressive risk. The study utilizes data from 2020 to 2023 pertaining to a pension mutual fund provided by a Turkish pension company. The dataset is split into a training set (75%) and a validation set (25%). Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) is employed to gauge the error measurement values of the training and validation sets of the developed forecasting models. The findings reveal that for the validation sets, ARIMA model performs best for the İş Bank participation index funds, whereas Exponential Smoothing forecasting models yield the lowest MAPE values for equity, group equity, and secondary equity funds. This research can serve as a decision-making tool for the effective management of high-yield pension mutual funds and aid pension companies in enhancing the appeal of their product offerings to customers.","PeriodicalId":494740,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of forecasting","volume":" 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141675952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bitcoin Trend Reversal Prediction with Tree-Based Ensemble Machine Learning","authors":"Sergül Ürgenç, Barış Aşıkgil","doi":"10.34110/forecasting.1390292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34110/forecasting.1390292","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, Bitcoin (BTC) has become the most popular digital asset in the cryptocurrency market. Its prices are highly volatile due to rapidly increasing investor interest, making it difficult to predict price movements. The aim of this study is to predict trend reversals in BTC price movements by using tree-based ensemble machine learning techniques and compare the success rates of these techniques. For this purpose, the study focuses on points where the trend changes. The ‘buy’, ‘sell’, and ‘hold’ classes are balanced through under-sampling. Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), Random Forest (RF) and Random Trees (RT) models are developed. The results are evaluated by using precision, recall, specificity, F1 score and accuracy metrics. The study concludes that the XGB model exhibits higher success compared to other models.","PeriodicalId":494740,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of forecasting","volume":"8 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140374881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms for Predicting Financial Risk in Cash Flow Statements","authors":"Ecem Engi̇n, Damla İLTER FAKHOURI","doi":"10.34110/forecasting.1403565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34110/forecasting.1403565","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, making financial decisions and evaluating loan applications is a complex and sensitive process. Cash flow data, which shows the financial risk status of businesses, plays a key role in the evaluation of loan applications. A detailed analysis with machine learning algorithms evaluates the performance of different models in the loan classification process and highlights the role of cash flow data in the process. The study includes data from 282 companies for the quarterly periods between 2018 and 2022. It is observed that there are limited studies on loan classification with cash flow statement in the literature. Considering the suitability of the data used in the study to the data structure, the creation of effective algorithms and the evaluation of these algorithms with information criteria aimed to provide a unique approach in the field. The model for the 2nd quarter of 2019 was selected as the best model with 99% accuracy and 99% F1 value. It is also determined that variable selection with high accuracy rates in the models established for each quarter is important for predicting financial risk.","PeriodicalId":494740,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of forecasting","volume":"1 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140430489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Metaheuristic algorithms to forecast future carbon dioxide emissions of Turkey","authors":"O. A. Arık, Erkan Köse, Gülçin Canbulut","doi":"10.34110/forecasting.1388906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34110/forecasting.1388906","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes the use of five different metaheuristic algorithms for forecasting carbon dioxide emissions (MtCO2) in Turkey for the years between 2019 and 2030. Historical economic indicators and construction permits in square meters of Turkey between 2002 and 2018 are used as independent variables in the forecasting equations, which take the form of two multiple linear regression models: a linear and a quadratic model. The proposed metaheuristic algorithms, including Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Simulated Annealing (SA), as well as hybrid versions of ABC with SA and GA with SA, are used to determine the coefficients of these regression models with reduced statistical error. The forecasting performance of the proposed methods is compared using multiple statistical methods, and the results indicate that the hybrid version of ABC with SA outperforms other methods in terms of statistical error for the linear equation model, while the hybrid version of GA with SA performs better for the quadratic equation model. Finally, four different scenarios are generated to forecast the future carbon dioxide emissions of Turkey. These scenarios reveal that if construction permits and the population is strictly managed while the economical wealth of Turkey keeps on improving, the CO2 emissions of Turkey may be less than in other possible cases.","PeriodicalId":494740,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of forecasting","volume":"56 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139960835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving Mass Detection in Mammography Using Focal Loss Based RetinaNet","authors":"Semih DEMİREL, Ataberk URFALI, Ömer Faruk BOZKIR, Azer ÇELİKTEN, Abdulkadir BUDAK, Hakan KARATAŞ","doi":"10.34110/forecasting.1326245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34110/forecasting.1326245","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is a significant global health issue and plays a crucial role in improving patient outcomes through early detection. This study aims to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of breast cancer diagnosis by investigating the application of the RetinaNet algorithm for mass detection in mammography images. A specialized dataset was created for mass detection from mammography images and validated by an expert radiologist. The dataset was trained using RetinaNet, a state-of-the-art object detection model. The training and testing were conducted using the Detectron2 platform. To avoid overfitting during training, data augmentation techniques available in the Detectron2 platform were used. The model was tested using the AP50, precision, recall, and F1-Score metrics. The results of the study demonstrate the success of RetinaNet in mass detection. According to the obtained results, an AP50 value of 0.568 was achieved. The precision and recall performance metrics are 0.735 and 0.60 respectively. The F1-Score metric, which indicates the balance between precision and recall, obtained a value of 0.66. These results demonstrate that RetinaNet can be a potential tool for breast cancer screening and has the potential to provide accuracy and efficiency in breast cancer diagnosis. The trained RetinaNet model was integrated into existing PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System) systems and made ready for use in healthcare centers.","PeriodicalId":494740,"journal":{"name":"Turkish journal of forecasting","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135944186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}