Environment and Planning F最新文献

Forests high on CO2: A glimpse into how scientists study the biochemical machinery of forest ecosystems 二氧化碳含量高的森林：科学家研究森林生态系统生化机制的一瞥

Environment and Planning F Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1177/26349825241246013

Véra Ehrenstein

{"title":"Forests high on CO2: A glimpse into how scientists study the biochemical machinery of forest ecosystems","authors":"Véra Ehrenstein","doi":"10.1177/26349825241246013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349825241246013","url":null,"abstract":"Are forests across the planet storing more carbon as a result of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration? In this text, I propose to reflect on the work of researchers who are asking that very question. The focus is on a particular approach called free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) experiments, in which forests in their local environment are subjected to a CO2 concentration higher than in the ambient air, to test the CO2 fertilization hypothesis. This hypothesis predicts that forests store more carbon in those conditions. FACE studies held the promise of establishing cause–effect relations and transcending the here and now. They emerged in the United States in the late 1980s, at a time when ecology scaled up to make itself relevant to the then nascent Earth System science. FACE experiments in forests are now conducted in Australia, the United Kingdom, and Brazil, and their results are closely scrutinized by a small research community. The text, first, presents the engineering feat that underpins FACE experiments in forests and discuss two problems highlighted by scientists because they impede hasty generalization from the data: the timescale needed to witness forests change and the spatial heterogeneity of forest soils. It then shows how scientists contend with their incomplete understanding of forest ecosystems as they bring together computer models and empirical data to build consensus around the sources of epistemic uncertainty. To conclude, I propose to rework the idea of “the macroscope” to conceptualize what scientists do when they seek to study forests as complex, layered, multi-scale systems. I wish to capture how researchers, who willingly endorse a planetary gaze, problematize their own predicament. This, as I suggest, has to do with the immanence of forests in the world.","PeriodicalId":492048,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning F","volume":" 69","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140991343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Salvage technoscience: Conserving and extracting the value of the Amazon Rainforest 打捞技术科学：保护和挖掘亚马逊雨林的价值

Environment and Planning F Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1177/26349825241248845

Priscila Santos da Costa, Steffen Dalsgaard

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引用次数: 0

Digital food apartheid: The uneven food geographies of Seattle in the era of Amazon 数字食品种族隔离：亚马逊时代西雅图不均衡的食品地理格局

Environment and Planning F Pub Date : 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.1177/26349825241234430

Natalie Vaughan-Wynn, Jin-Kyu Jung

{"title":"Digital food apartheid: The uneven food geographies of Seattle in the era of Amazon","authors":"Natalie Vaughan-Wynn, Jin-Kyu Jung","doi":"10.1177/26349825241234430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349825241234430","url":null,"abstract":"This article puts forward the concept of “digital food apartheid” to articulate differentiation in terms of one’s agency concerning their food that is mediated by, reified through, or materialized from data or digital infrastructure given the omnipresence of racial capitalism. We examine the digitization of public food assistance in the United States in conversation with Black digital geographies, food geographies, and critical GIS, paying particular attention to the US Department of Agriculture’s COVID-19-era Online Grocery Purchase Program (OPP), which gives Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participants access to online grocery shopping and delivery. We call into question the conditions of possibility that gave rise to this program through a historicization of US food assistance. Empirically, we map the “Amazon Fresh” grocery delivery area around Seattle overlaid with SNAP participants and census tracts designated as “low income and low food access” by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) to visualize the program’s current operationalization. Our critical GIS approach allows us to analyze our empirics in relation to the rhetorical and political moves of the state to demonstrate how digital food apartheid determines which foods are marketed to, available to, and accessible to whom.","PeriodicalId":492048,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning F","volume":"36 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140262977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Infrastructure and the ethnographic-cartographic production of urban bird species richness 基础设施与城市鸟类物种丰富度的民族志制图

Environment and Planning F Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1177/26349825231200605

J Anthony Stallins, Nick Lally, Erin Luther

{"title":"Infrastructure and the ethnographic-cartographic production of urban bird species richness","authors":"J Anthony Stallins, Nick Lally, Erin Luther","doi":"10.1177/26349825231200605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349825231200605","url":null,"abstract":"The qualitative bio-geographies of human geographers and the quantitative mappings of biogeographers share a goal: how to understand living with non-human life. Yet they rarely bridge the conceptual and methodological gap between them. This article theorizes how the concept of infrastructure can bridge this ethnographic-cartographic divide. Infrastructure is not just inert shell. It is also a system of relation, a dynamic patterning of socionatural form emerging out of experiences and affective moments of its constituents. As proof of concept, we quantified and compared urban bird species richness and frequency for Tallahassee, Florida over a 17-year period (2000–2017) for two co-occurring observational infrastructures, eBird and a wildlife rehabilitation center that serves the city. Species common to both infrastructures comprised 94% of all eBird observations and 99% of all rehab records. Their differences reflected contrasts in how the motivations for experiencing birds intersected with bird habitat preferences, behavior, and contingencies of urban history and development. eBird observations had a higher species richness (295 spp) and reflected the growing popularity among birds and a small number of active birders for visiting stormwater retention lakes recently modified to improve bird habitat. Rehabilitation records had a lower richness (194 spp) and exhibited a much more even distribution of bird encounters among individual residents as well as community institutions like schools, universities, law enforcement, and other government organizations. Infrastructural perspectives convey how affective and individualistic encounters with the non-human can link to emergent biogeographic mappings and how urban biodiversity is relationally and heterogeneously produced rather than simply contained in cities.","PeriodicalId":492048,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning F","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135853999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mapping the truth about mining: Corporate cartography and its contestations 绘制关于采矿业的真相:企业制图及其争论

Environment and Planning F Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1177/26349825231202251

Karolien van Teijlingen

{"title":"Mapping the truth about mining: Corporate cartography and its contestations","authors":"Karolien van Teijlingen","doi":"10.1177/26349825231202251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349825231202251","url":null,"abstract":"Conflicts over extractive projects often hinge on questions about which and whose knowledge counts, and whose realities and knowledges are ignored in decision-making. This has led scholars to scrutinize ‘corporate science’ and the ways in which mining corporations produce forms of ignorance through the deliberate distortion and manipulation of knowledge on the socio-environmental impacts of mining. In this article, I examine these dynamics through a case study of the expansion of mining in the Ecuadorian Amazon, with a focus on the role of corporate cartography and counter-mapping. Based on an analysis of the ‘lines of becoming’ of various maps and ethnographic engagements with map-makers, I argue that our inquiry into corporate science and ignorance should go beyond the notion of ‘ignorance as strategy’. To fully understand the production of ignorance in the extractive industries, we should look more comprehensively at the ways of knowing and unknowing that have become customary in this sector. Drawing on power/knowledge-ignorance and the work of decolonial critical geographers, I show that a focus on the rather mundane and standardized practices and procedures enriches our understanding of the way in which corporate actors – and in particular their consultants – produce and reproduce colonial forms of (un)knowing.","PeriodicalId":492048,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning F","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135854142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

For a paleogeography of childcare: Infant-carrying technics on a dynamic planet 儿童保育的古地理学:动态星球上的婴儿携带技术

Environment and Planning F Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1177/26349825231200606

Nigel Clark, Rebecca Whittle

引用次数: 0

Practising difference across geography: A transdisciplinary and Deleuzian approach to intradisciplinary thinking 跨地域实践差异:跨学科和德勒兹式的跨学科思维方法

Environment and Planning F Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1177/26349825231200607

Heather J Miles

{"title":"Practising difference across geography: A transdisciplinary and Deleuzian approach to intradisciplinary thinking","authors":"Heather J Miles","doi":"10.1177/26349825231200607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349825231200607","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of intradisciplinary thinking during research design is crucial not only for alleviating multifaceted problems – such as global environmental change – but potentially to avoid worsening them. This article builds on the emphasis placed on research framing by human, physical and critical physical geographers by drawing from ideas on iterative framing in transdisciplinarity studies – as related to collaboration between geography’s internal subdisciplines – as well as from Gilles Deleuze, especially in Difference and Repetition (Deleuze, 1994 (1968)). Here, research reframing is based on a critical engagement with the contrasts in subdisciplinary foci and research methodologies, which I argue is achieved through a consideration of contrasting axiologies and facilitated by subdisciplinary encounter. I explore this approach to intradisciplinary thinking using examples from the literature in geography and beyond. Given that collaboration across research methodologies is challenging, I demonstrate one example practical approach to such intradisciplinary thinking: mapping. Different map-making and map-using activities can reflect contrasting forms of data and understandings from the field, and can therefore act as a shared space of encounter for geographers of all kinds.","PeriodicalId":492048,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning F","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135696063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Settler-colonial geographical ignorance in Canadian education 加拿大教育中的移民-殖民地地理无知

Environment and Planning F Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1177/26349825231193222

Melissa Forcione, Christopher Lamb, Kim Buitenhuis, Anne Godlewska

{"title":"Settler-colonial geographical ignorance in Canadian education","authors":"Melissa Forcione, Christopher Lamb, Kim Buitenhuis, Anne Godlewska","doi":"10.1177/26349825231193222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349825231193222","url":null,"abstract":"Despite increasing attention to Indigenous demands for justice, self-governance and the decolonization of Canadian society, many Canadians remain deeply unaware of the complex ways Indigenous and non-Indigenous lives entwine in Canada and of the past and present settler-colonial structures which continue to control and harm Indigenous Peoples and lands. Drawing on our decade-long project examining education at multiple levels in multiple jurisdictions and bringing together scholarship on settler-colonial ignorance, decolonizing education and geographical imaginaries, we highlight how pervasive settler-colonial geographical ignorance, (re)produced through formal education, inhibits many Canadians’ capacities to understand themselves as inextricably linked and responsible to Indigenous Peoples. Through our examination of the results of surveys of college and university students and of public kindergarten to Grade 12 curricula in three Canadian provinces, we provide analyses of settler-colonial forms of geographical unknowing (re)produced in Canadian public education and echoed in the discourses of students. Our analysis draws out commonly held (mis)perceptions and prejudicial attitudes that pervade settler-colonial imaginations, allowing us to identify the entangled temporal, spatial and (non)relational dimensions of settler-colonial geographical ignorance in Canada. Considering the ways that many non-Indigenous people misunderstand and ignore the geographies of settler-colonialism and of Indigenous Peoples, we hope to contribute to ongoing, urgent investigations into the ways that settler-colonial and geographical ignorance serve to oppress Indigenous Peoples and exploit the lands to which they belong for others’ benefit. Furthermore, by focusing on and demonstrating the spatial nature of such ignorance, we argue that (re)conciliation between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Peoples in Canada must also be spatial.","PeriodicalId":492048,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning F","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136023683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unlocking value: The impact of traditional valuation practices on the number of vacant retail units in the built environment 解锁价值:传统估值方法对已建成环境中空置零售单位数量的影响

Environment and Planning F Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1177/26349825231193219

Lynn Johnson, Kevin Muldoon-Smith, Paul Greenhalgh

{"title":"Unlocking value: The impact of traditional valuation practices on the number of vacant retail units in the built environment","authors":"Lynn Johnson, Kevin Muldoon-Smith, Paul Greenhalgh","doi":"10.1177/26349825231193219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26349825231193219","url":null,"abstract":"Across the social science and humanities disciplines, there has been an increased interest in questions of value and valuation. This article responds to the new emphasis by scrutinising the evolution of real estate valuation techniques over time, their embedded nature, and the implication of this for the (re)production of the built environment. This is achieved through the lens of two conceptual positions which are rarely used in the realm of real estate valuation. These are (a) path dependency which in this case charts the evolution of the discipline of valuation as it relates to retail related real estate assets; and (b) lock – in, which seeks to understand how valuation techniques and attitudes have become embedded during this evolution. This position sits alongside a series of investigatory interviews with professional valuers in international real estate organisations specialising in the commercial real estate market. This is often a missing voice in recent research into real estate and the wider subject of valuation. Findings suggest that valuation practice is reliant on confirmatory market practices that do not necessarily capture the contemporary affordability-based requirements of tenants. Instead, practice is locked into reinforcing the nature of zone-based market values for landlords and investors. The geographical implications of this situation at the micro-level can be vacant or poorly performing properties that undermine local areas in the interest of maintaining the headline value of properties in macro-level global capital markets. This new conceptual analysis provides understanding of how the physical built environment is developed and reproduced over time through notions of value, helps to connect often hidden practices of real estate valuation into existing academic debates in urban studies and geography, and in conclusion sheds some light on how practices of real estate valuation can be improved in the disrupted world of retail.","PeriodicalId":492048,"journal":{"name":"Environment and Planning F","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136024459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0