International Journal of Scholarly Research in Multidisciplinary Studies最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of glycemic index of the unripe green papaya in mice","authors":"Yu-Hsing Lin, Pi-Hsin Chen, Ya-Ling Cyue, Keng-Chia Hsu, Ya-Peng Wang, Yu-Ying Fang, Tsung-Han Wu, Shih-Yi Guo, Chia-Ying Lin, Jhih-Yun Wang, Shao-Wen Hung","doi":"10.56781/ijsrms.2024.5.1.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrms.2024.5.1.0033","url":null,"abstract":"Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a rich-nutrition fruit include vitamins (A, B and C), carbohydrates, proteins, alkaloids, proteolytic enzymes, and benzyl isothiocyanate. Papaya contains papain, which helps strengthen the constitution of diabetes patients. Its water-soluble fiber can stabilize blood sugar levels, reducing the risk of complications. Papaya has benefits such as lowering blood lipids and softening blood vessels due to the fruit acids it contains, which is advantageous for patients with diabetes complicated by hypertension, arteriosclerosis, and dyslipidemia. Additionally, the proteolytic enzymes in papaya are beneficial for the digestive system. Unripe green bananas have been found to contain a significant amount of resistant starch, giving them potential as a low glycemic index (GI) food. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of unripe green papaya on blood glucose regulation. The blood glucose values were measured in C57BL/6 mice before and within 120 minutes after consuming 50 mg of glucose and the grated unripe green papaya containing 50 mg of starch was conducted to calculate the incremental area under the curve (IAUC) for blood glucose changes post-consumption of glucose and the grated unripe green papaya. The results showed that the average IAUC for the grated unripe green papaya was 11,176.67, while the average IAUC for glucose was 7,666.25. According to the GI calculation formula, GI of the grated unripe green papaya was determined to be 146. Therefore, based on the results of this study, these results will be used as the basis for the development of related blood glucose regulation products of the unripe green papaya (Carica papaya L.) in the future.","PeriodicalId":488392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Multidisciplinary Studies","volume":"12 51","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cases of homicide in Senegal in medicolegal autopsies during the period from 2017 to 2021","authors":"Ndoye El Hadji Oumar, Soumah Mouhamed Manibiliot, Dial Cherif Mohammed Moustapha, Thiam Ibou","doi":"10.56781/ijsrms.2024.4.1.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrms.2024.4.1.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In case of death by homicide or suspicious death, unidentified deceased bodies, a judicial procedure is opened and a requisition for an autopsy is systematically requested from the medical examiner, whose purpose is to identify the causes and circumstances of death. The objective of this study is to determine the epidemiological and medico-legal aspects of violent deaths by homicides involving a medico-legal obstacle in Senegal. Methodology: Our study was carried out in public hospital structures in Senegal. This is a retrospective study based on data collected in judicial requisitions, autopsy reports and in registers from January 2017 to December 2021. It concerned all cases of death that have benefited from a forensic autopsy following a judicial requisition. Results: During the study period, violent deaths constituted the most represented forensic form with 53.4% of autopsies performed, ahead of natural deaths with 42.4%. The average age of the deceased subjects was 37 years with a male predominance in 242 cases (78%).The place of death or discovery of the corpse was in Rural Dakar .Violent deaths by homicides accounted for 12.5% of cases. Thus, in the cases of homicides, intentional assault and wounding by a knife were in the foreground with 71.2% followed by infanticide 15%. Conclusion: Homicide deaths are violent deaths that represent a public health problem due to unemployment, poverty and economic crises. Thus, the information collected from forensic sources provides information about the victims, the causes and circumstances of death. Improving the collection of data on the perpetrators of homicides requires detailed databases on homicides during investigations and after judicial sanctions , to have a more complete overview of homicide profiles and homicide prevention strategies at national level.","PeriodicalId":488392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Multidisciplinary Studies","volume":"53 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140361772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of asymptomatic coronary heart disease in a cohort of stable type 2 diabetic subjects in a tertiary health center in south eastern Nigeria: A cross sectional study","authors":"Chidiebele M. Ezeude, Afoma M. Ezeude, Michael C. Abonyi, Marcellinus O. Nkpozi, Chidiebere V. Ugwueze, Kariba Akhidue, Arinze A. Onwuegbuna, Obumneme B. Anyim, Uzoma C. Okechukwu, Henry E. Ikeabbah, George U. Eleje","doi":"10.56781/ijsrms.2024.4.1.0090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrms.2024.4.1.0090","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a type of heart disease where the lumina of the major arteries of the heart (coronary arteries) are narrowed by a build-up of plaque with a resultant limitation of blood flow to and oxygenation of the heart. Coronary heart disease can pose a diagnostic challenge in diabetic subjects due to the fact that it is often asymptomatic with a resultant lack of overt clinical complaint by the patients. It is an important cause of diabetes-associated morbidity and mortality and also a huge contributor to the cost of diabetes care. Objective: To determine the association between CHD and age, sex, cigarette smoking, duration of diabetes, central obesity, glycaemic control, hypertension, chronic kidney disease (CKD), stroke, transient ischaemic attack (TIA), dyslipidaemia, lack of exercise and metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetic subjects attending the diabetes outpatient clinic of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi in South Eastern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational study comprising 136 clinically stable T2DM subjects that were asymptomatic of coronary heart disease. The participants had two contacts with the researcher. Firstly, all the participants were evaluated with resting ECG for the diagnosis of CHD, 30 subjects had CHD while 106 had not. Next, the 30 subjects that had CHD and 98 of the 106 that had not, were met a second time on another clinic visit where medical history was extracted and anthropometric measurements were done. Next, biochemical tests, which included fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting lipid profile (FLP) and serum creatinine were done and the glomerular filtration rate estimated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) calculator. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 (Chicago, IL, USA). The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 128 subjects completed the study and had their data analyzed. 30 subjects had CHD while 98 had not. There was significant association between CHD and TIA (p = 0.040), but no significant association between CHD and age (p = 0.959), sex (p = 0.679), educational status (p = 0.094), cigarette smoking (p = 1.000), duration of diabetes (p = 0.335), central obesity (p = 0.726), glycaemic control (p = 1.000), hypertension (p = 1.000), CKD (p = 0.570), stroke (p = 0.141), dyslipidaemia (p = 0.290), exercise (p = 0.641) and metabolic syndrome (p = 0.633) respectively among the subjects. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of asymptomatic CHD among stable type 2 diabetic subject and with the exception of TIA, there was no significant association between CHD and all the other risk factors for CHD that were studied, although these risk factors were found more among the subjects that had CHD compared with those that had not.","PeriodicalId":488392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Multidisciplinary Studies","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140484876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an organic waste processing design based on fermentation technology for compost production at the faculty of teacher training and education Khairun university environmental areas","authors":"None Aswal Salewangeng, None Fatma Hamid, None Sundari","doi":"10.56781/ijsrms.2023.3.2.0081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrms.2023.3.2.0081","url":null,"abstract":"Waste is a crucial problem that requires special handling. This research aims to make a tool for processing organic waste into compost and liquid fertilizer and then to determine the quality (content) of liquid fertilizer. The tool consists of 7 main parts, namely the frame, cover and waste input container, crusher, rotator, filter container, liquid storage container, and water faucet. The driving source for this tool is human power and the EM4 activator. The tool design measures 30 cm x 35 cm x 127 cm. This research method consists of 2 stages, namely: stage. · Design of equipment for processing organic waste into compost and liquid fertilizer; stage · Product testing and validation. The results of the research show that a waste fermentation tool for compost has been successfully designed. Based on the analysis of respondent data from the validator, it was concluded that the Organic Waste Processing Design Tool based on Fermentation Technology for Compost Production can be used with suggestions for improvement, with a feasible option for use with improvements as many as 4 respondents with presentation of 80% in the good or adequate category.","PeriodicalId":488392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Multidisciplinary Studies","volume":"73 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136018429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulation and evaluation of herbal shampoo","authors":"None JV Roopa, None E Bhargav, None Akkiraju Sudheer, None Bhupalam Pradeepkumar, None Kanala Somasekhar Reddy","doi":"10.56781/ijsrms.2023.3.1.0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrms.2023.3.1.0077","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Now-a-days many synthetic, herbal, medicated and non - medicated shampoos are available in the market but popularity of herbal shampoo among consumers is on rise because of their belief that these products being of natural origin are safe and free from side effects. Aim: The present study is aimed to formulate and evaluate the polyherbal shampoo in comparison with commercial shampoo. Preparation of herbal shampoo: To formulate a clear shampoo base, three samples, designated as F1, F2 and F3 were prepared by using Solanum Pubescens leaves, Achyranthus aspera roots as main ingredients. Results: The formulation F3 and dove have good foaming ability. No significant difference was observed in terms of odor and foaming ability between F3 Dove. The pH of F1, F2 and F3 was found to be 5.0, 5.4, and 6.2. The percent solid contents of F1, F2 and F3 and dove was found within the range of 22 to 25%. Viscosity of F1, F2 and F3 and dove was found to be 60, 61, 65 and 67 cps. F1, F2 and F3 and Dove showed similar reduction in surface tension ranging from 31.00 to 39.00 dyn/cm. The wetting time of F1, F2 and F3 and dove was found to be 195, 190, 178, 170 seconds. The F3 and Dove was shown foam volume as 85, 90, 98 and 110ml. Accelerated stability tests showed that no significant change over a period of time (3 months) for F3. Conclusion: In conclusion, the results showed that F3 had no significant difference in comparison to reference shampoo regarding their physicochemical properties and their Invitro evaluation.","PeriodicalId":488392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Multidisciplinary Studies","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136018883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What do experts mean by “misinformation” in the COVID-19 era? A critical scoping review protocol","authors":"None Claudia Chaufan, None Natalie Hemsing, None Camila Heredia, None Jennifer McDonald","doi":"10.56781/ijsrms.2023.3.2.0080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrms.2023.3.2.0080","url":null,"abstract":"In April 2020, the World Health Organization released the report Managing the COVID-19 infodemic: A call to action, declaring that “the 2020 pandemic of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) [had] been accompanied by a massive ‘infodemic.’” Soon afterwards UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres tweeted - also alluding to COVID-19 - that “a tsunami of misinformation, scapegoating and scaremongering [had] been unleashed” also in relation to COVID-19. The tweet was followed by a March 2021 report from the Centre for Health Security at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, warning that “health-related misinformation and disinformation” were undermining the public response to COVID-19, and by a February 2022 US Department of Homeland Security infographic, Disinformation Stops With You”, alerting about the dangers of “misinformation”, “disinformation”, and “malinformation” – dubbed MDM - distinguishing these terms based on the presumed intentionality of the agents producing or spreading them. However, there has been scant interrogation of expert meanings of MDM in the COVID-19 context and of the implications of the premises underlying these meanings for public policy, equity, and civil, social, and political rights. Drawing from the traditions of critical policy, discourse, and document analysis, we will apply Arksey O’Malley’s framework, enhanced by Levac et al.’s team-based approach, to conduct a critical scoping review of the medical and social scientific peer-reviewed literature, identifying, summarizing, and appraising expert meanings of MDM. We will also assess the implications of our findings for the health and well-being of populations affected by policies informed by dominant concepts of MDM.","PeriodicalId":488392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Multidisciplinary Studies","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136018285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unexpected patterns in the global COVID-19 pandemic data","authors":"None Claus Rinner","doi":"10.56781/ijsrms.2023.3.1.0078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56781/ijsrms.2023.3.1.0078","url":null,"abstract":"A number of public health interventions, including mobility restrictions and vaccination, were undertaken to limit the global impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The burden of the associated disease COVID-19 was also expected to be dependent on demographic and socio-economic determinants such as older age and general wellbeing. In this exploratory study, we examine country-level relationships between a selection of these interventions and pre-existing determinants on one hand, and public health outcomes, including COVID-19 cases, intensive-care patients, deaths, and excess mortality, on the other hand. We outline the expected results and highlight countries, continents, and time periods during 2020-2022, where/when unexpected patterns can be found in the data. For example at a global per-country scale, neither mobility restrictions nor school closures were associated with improved outcomes; no intervention or determinant came with lower intensive-care patient rates; and when using aggregation per year and continent, Europe is the only world region where vaccination and the human development index correlated with better outcomes. Between 78% and 92% of the relationships at different scales of analysis either were not statistically significant or went in the wrong direction altogether. This failure to yield expected public health benefits suggests the need for an unbiased, critical reassessment of the global pandemic response with a view to improving preparedness for future emergencies. The articles concludes with a set of research hypotheses to guide this effort.","PeriodicalId":488392,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Scholarly Research in Multidisciplinary Studies","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136271504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}