Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Sociologiâ最新文献

{"title":"City and its residents: Мoving towards","authors":"Natalya V. Avdoshina, Julia V. Vaskina","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2023.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.207","url":null,"abstract":"This article is devoted to the analysis of attitude to the migration among residents of a large city with a population of more than 1 million people. There is also assessment of the impact from various factors of the urban environment both on the overall satisfaction with life in the city and on the desire to change the place of residence. The survey of Samara residents was conducted online with the help of a questionnaire created in a Google Docs and posted on the city administration website. 1,500 respondents were interviewed in according to the quota sample (quota characteristics are gender and age). The sampling error was 3%. It was revealed that a significant contribution to the overall satisfaction with life in the city is made by the following urban environment parameters: safety, landscaping, the work of cultural and leisure institutions, the quality and quantity of goods in the stores. The strongest correlations with the desire to leave Samara or stay in it were found in the variables “schools quality of work”, “city safety”, “institutions of additional education quality of work”, “quality and quantity of goods”, and “garbage disposal”. Speaking of the socio-demographic groups with the greatest desire to leave the city were revealed young people (49.6%), as well as the highest-income group of respondents, due to their desire to improve the quality of life along with the lowest-income group, striving to change their place in order to solve their economic problems. If we take social status into account, the largest share of those wishing to leave the city was revealed among entrepreneurs, self-employed and heads of organizations. It is concluded that for potential Samara migrants it is important notto get rid of existing problems, but rather to expand their opportunities to improve the quality of life.","PeriodicalId":485704,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Sociologiâ","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135106358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociology of the visual: Vision, view, image in the digital age. Introduction to the thematic section","authors":"Olga V. Sergeeva","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2023.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":485704,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Sociologiâ","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135107583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of online visual images in the everyday life of the older","authors":"Konstantin A. Galkin","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2023.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.202","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of the features of the creation and communication of older people through photographs and visual content in social networks. Based on the “objectcentric” approach proposed by B.Latour, the article analyzes the mechanisms of communication of older people through the creation of memories in visual images in social networks, as well as mechanisms for overcoming loneliness by them. The empirical basis of the study is biographical interviews with older people from St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region (N = 30) in which they talked about their experiences and the meanings of visual images and photographs through which communication and interaction with other users of the social network takes place and which allowed them to minimize the state of loneliness. Also, the study used the method of digital ethnography, during which the communication of older people and the content of visual content was examined, a total of 1000 photos and posts were analyzed. The study revealed that visual images of older people in social networks construct a single whole necessary for the invidualization of the personality of an older person. Visual images can be used by older people as a means of achieving community, or they can act as a self-defense mechanism and a necessary fulcrum when, with the help of visual images, people seek to minimize and stop the negative consequences of loneliness and age-related changes. Also, it is the communication that takes place through visual images in social networks that contributes to the creation of a therapeutic effect for the older and the expansion of the circle of communication","PeriodicalId":485704,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Sociologiâ","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135107799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poverty in the Yakut Arctic — the experience of sociological research","authors":"Irina I. Podoinitsyna, Tatyana P. Egorova","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2023.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.206","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to one of the main topics of sociology and economics — poverty and the problems of its measurement. The relevance of the topic is determined by the fact that at each new stage of the development of society, the sets of consumer goods, the thresholds for the consumption of the population are changing, therefore adequate criteria for the analysis of poverty are required. The article examines the evolution of the views on poverty of domestic and foreign scientists, focusing on new factors of income stratification: territorial factor, factor of social inclusion, spatial configuration of inequality. At the empirical level, the results of monitoring, which was conducted for several years in 13 Arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), are analyzed. The purpose of this study is to create a profile of a poor person in the Arctic (Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)) based on the results of the project “Man in the Arctic” (conducted by the Center for Strategic Studies under the Head of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)) and a number of studies conducted at the North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K.Ammosov and to study the determinants and correlates of poverty at the micro level. Accordingly, the subject of the study is the region of the Arctic zone of Russia, in particular, 13 districts that are part of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The subject of the study is the profile of a poor person in the Arctic, the main characteristics of social inequality in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Based on analysis of statistical data, the results of sociological research, mathematical and statistical analysis of primary data, a generalized, enlarged portrait of a poor man in the Arctic was compiled. The perception of the own position of the population of the Arctic regions, self-identification is one of the important aspects of measuring poverty","PeriodicalId":485704,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Sociologiâ","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135106343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital body image of users of devices for self-tracking","authors":"Elena S. Bogomiagkova","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2023.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.205","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of an empirical study implemented in a combined strategy in 2020–2021 and aimed at studying digital practices of healthcare of megalopolis residents. One of the focuses of interest was digital self-tracking, namely, the ways users interact with data supplied by personal devices, and the construction of a body image as a result of this process. The analysis of the data obtained allowed us to formulate several conclusions. Thus, for a significant part of active users of digital devices, the generated visual content, expressed in quantitative form, is of significant interest. There is an effect of access to the “real” body as well as the risks of a gap between personal feelings and digital data. The following arguments are put forward in favor of digital information: 1) the gadget can record indicators that are not available at the level of bodily sensations; 2) it generates content in ways that go beyond the capabilities of an individual. When there are significant discrepancies between digital data and subjective experience, as a rule, it is not about their opposition, but about the work of coordinating and “smoothing” information received from various sources. Data visualization forms an idea of the owners of digital devices about their physical condition and progress in achieving their goals. In some cases, the digital body image becomes a reason for communication on social networks and a way of self-presentation. For those who actively practice digital self-tracking, the body image is considered to be incomplete without information expressed in numerical form. Moreover, for feeling corporeality, the experience of vision turns out to be fundamentally significant today.","PeriodicalId":485704,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Sociologiâ","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135107413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sentimental visual content of the new normality: How digital cats domesticate crises","authors":"Sophia V. Tikhonova","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2023.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.203","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the cultural origins of the sentimental content “about cats” and its actual functions, which are activated in the conditions of crisis phenomena. The author considers Internet memes with cats as a tool of social reaction to social crises, the evolution of which is inscribed in the general context of the “reformation” of the Internet associated with the peculiarities of social media. The COVID-19 pandemic overlapped with a cascade of social crises. Ideas about the new normality are spreading as a theoretical reflection of a permanent social situation in which post-crisis stabilization does not coincide with a return to pre-crisis states. The operationalization of such representations is becoming increasingly important. New crisis conditions are changing the adaptive strategies of users. Drift from the paradigm of mobilizing resources needed to overcome crises, which is rapidly being exhausted in the conditions of their cascade, to the paradigm of changing attitudes to crises and to one’s own capabilities (more precisely, their absence) starts. The author connects the cultural origins of sentimental content with the confrontation of the “old” Internet with its anonymity, counterculture, vanguard and minimalism of feedback and the “new” Internet, characterized by the construction of multi-channel communication systems and the desire for total visualization of information messages. The article analyzes the visual cat content on the example of Internet memes (including intersecting meme cycles and serial memes) dedicated to crisis social reflection. The author identifies the role of the cat content as a crossroads where the key attitudes of the old and new Internet meet, namely, the culture of trolling and the culture of cancellation. She considers the sentimentality of content as a form of lowering the register of distributed social reflection. The latter suggests new ways of positioning a social view belonging to a subject synthesizing the features of a digital cat and a mass user of social networks. The author identifies two key functions of the cat content — the maintenance of uncomplicated social interactions that provide a positive shared social experience and reflexive detailing of the response to the agenda in conditions of unprecedented mass media presence enhancement. The author comes to the conclusion that memes with cats center the lifestyle of a mass user in a home environment. The inclusion of a crisis agenda in it is equivalent to a new way of scaling social macro-problems, which an individual user is fundamentally unable to cope with. The crisis is represented in memes as the chaoticization of the household by harmless creatures, the consequences of which can be dealt with in the usual ways. As a result, digital cats help the user to domesticate and “tame” the social crisis.","PeriodicalId":485704,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Sociologiâ","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135107414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children’s drawings of 1917–1918 in Moscow: From iconography to sociology","authors":"Ekaterina A. Orekh, Olga Yu. Boitsova","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2023.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.204","url":null,"abstract":"The paper demonstrates the possibilities of sociological research on the basis of children’s drawings. The authors analyze drawings made by schoolboys in Moscow during the revolution and the beginning of the Civil War in 1917–1918 in Russia. Using iconography as a research method, the authors examines how political characters are depicted in children’s drawings. The objective is to explore the content of the drawings to establish whether the process of political socialization of younger schoolchildren has begun, and whether the sources of visual propaganda of the time influenced the formation of the political consciousness of children. The presence of the four iconographic attributes of the Bolsheviks in children’s drawings indicates that children distinguished them from other political characters. The authors find that some children formed their own attitude as early as 7 to 11 years of age. In a number of drawings children expressed their opinion to the Bolsheviks, equipping the characters with a complex of traits signifying low cultural level, negatively marked poverty, aggression and unhealthy habits. The study therefore concludes that political socialization in Russia in 1917–1918 began under the significant influence of visual propaganda. The analysis of the drawings by school children suggest that the caricatures published in satirical journals and postcards were capable of exerting a direct influence on the children’s political impressions.","PeriodicalId":485704,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Sociologiâ","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135107823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The international scientific and practical conference “Tolerance and intolerance in the modern society: New realities”","authors":"Irina L. Pervova","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2023.208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.208","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":485704,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Sociologiâ","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135106589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}