Asian Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Isolation, Characterisation and Identification of Bacteria from Three Different Unpasteurized Fruit Juices Sold at a Local Market in Guyana","authors":"Shavanie Jagessar, Kimberly Craig","doi":"10.56557/ajmab/2024/v9i28760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/ajmab/2024/v9i28760","url":null,"abstract":"Fruit juices are widely consumed for their nutritional value. However, fruit juices that are unpasteurised may be unsafe to drink because they are not subject to heat processing and much of their human handling results in contamination. The fruits used to make these juices have resident microflora, transient bacteria from handling and equipment, and bacteria from water used to wash fruits and in some cases make the juice. The objective of this research was to determine the bacteria present in unpasteurised passionfruit, cherry, and tamarind juices respectively. Through the use of a survey, and standard methods for isolation, identification and characterisation of bacteria, the results showed that temperature and pH did not significantly affect the diversity of bacteria. Cherry juice had the highest number of Colony Forming Units while passion fruit juice had the lowest. In total seven (7) species of bacteria were found including E.coli, S. aureus, Lactobacillus sp, Acetobacter sp, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Micrococcus. The results for the Colony Forming Units were found to be above maximum acceptable levels for fruit juices. The results of this study demonstrate that unpasteurised juices may be a threat to public health and hazardous to humans if not processed in a sanitary manner.","PeriodicalId":479227,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology","volume":" 69","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141672860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micropropagation of Two Varieties of Vitis vinifera Cabernet Franc and Pinot Noir, Comparison of Physiological and Production Parameters","authors":"Yanina S. García, Evelyn A. González, Mariano H. Gutiérrez, Eliana S. Fernández, A. M. Quiroga, Hilda E. Pedranzani","doi":"10.56557/ajmab/2024/v9i28755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/ajmab/2024/v9i28755","url":null,"abstract":"Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is considered one of the most important fruit crops in the world, and the Cabernet Franc and Pinot Noir varieties have high commercial value. The aim of this study was to compare the in vitro performance of both varieties from explant establishment to in vitro rooting, testing different hormone concentrations. It started from mother plants obtained in vitro, from which uninodal cuttings were taken for micropropagation. Disinfection consisted of washing with 70% alcohol and 20% sodium hypochlorite, with sterile water rinses. Explants were placed in a laminar flow chamber under aseptic conditions in a sterile growth medium. They were grown in a culture chamber with 16 hours of light: 8 hours of darkness and a temperature of 25°C. Establishment, growth, rooting and contamination data were recorded for eight weeks. The culture media used were Experiment 1: 50% Murashige and Skoog (MS) [1] medium; Experiment 2: MS at 50% plus indoleacetic acid (IAA) at 0.01%. The data were statistically analyzed; Cabernet Franc and Pinot Noir had similar production standards, high vigor, good in vitro growth and direct rooting. Both varieties performed better on the auxin enriched medium.","PeriodicalId":479227,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology","volume":"103 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141695930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of Charcoal Obtained from Almond Tree Stem","authors":"Oridupa I. S., Adebayo T. E., Ezeugwu P. C., Amuna O. T., Aondoaver S. A., Eseiwi F. O.","doi":"10.56557/ajmab/2023/v8i28456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/ajmab/2023/v8i28456","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of antimicrobial resistance has spurred the search for alternative antimicrobial agents for drug-resistant species. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of charcoal obtained from the almond (Terminalia catappa) tree stem, commonly known as fruit in Nigeria. The charcoal was extracted from Terminalia catappa using the earth pit kiln method of carbonization, and its chemical composition was analyzed using the cold extraction method followed by qualitative phytochemical analysis. Mineral analysis was conducted using the wet acid digestion method, followed by spectrophotometric analysis using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) and Flame Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAS). Additionally, the antimicrobial activities of the charcoal were evaluated against ten (10) clinical isolates using the MIC/TTC and mycelial inhibition concentration method. The results revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, steroids, and flavonoids. Mineral analysis showed that K had the highest concentration in the order of K >Na > Ca, while trace element analysis indicated that Fe had the highest concentration in the order of Fe > Cr > Zn >Cu >Mn >Pb. Charcoal demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at a concentration of 200 mg/ml with a minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) value of 50%, as well as against Aspergillus terreus with a growth inhibition value of 64% at a concentration of 100 mg/ml. These findings highlight the potential of Terminalia catappa stem charcoal as a natural antimicrobial agent and a promising source of raw materials for pharmaceutical applications.","PeriodicalId":479227,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology","volume":"81 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138606159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactic Acid Bacteria as Probiotics: Current Status and Future Prospects","authors":"Prabhjot Kaur Gill","doi":"10.56557/ajmab/2023/v8i28424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/ajmab/2023/v8i28424","url":null,"abstract":"From the last decade, the use of probiotics for human health has received greater recognition as scientific authentication and validation keep on increasing in the properties, functionality, and beneficial effects of probiotics Lactobacillus on human health. In the group of lactic acid bacteria the Lactobacillus is the predominately strains and most utilized for the production of fermented dairy products, sourdough, vegetable foods, meat or used as probiotics. Lactobacilli are considered especially as beneficial bacteria, because they are recommendable microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract, urinary, and genital systems without causing any disease. The gastrointestinal tract absorb the probiotics and stimulates the immune system and activate the regulatory T cells that further release the IL-10. On the other hand, bacteriocins a kind of ribosomal produced antimicrobial peptides synthesized by different bacteria and stable to heat. Many researchers purified and identified bacteriocins for utilization in food industry to extend food preservation time, manage pathogenic diseases and cancer therapy, and maintain human health. In the future Bacteriocins possibly become a potential drug candidate to treat multiple drugs resistance pathogens instead of antibiotics. The European Food and Safety Authority deny the health claims of probiotics because of unavailability of molecular mechanisms and their modes of action, irreproducibility of trials, as well as strong individual responses of the hosts, and strain-specificity. Similarly, information on the dose effects are still lacking and need explored further so that probiotic become potential substitute of the antibiotics for the cure of the diseases. Various techniques have been developed for construction of genomic modifications in Lactobacillus, including food-grade ones which results in strains labelled as non-GMO. These are still very useful for the multitude Lactic acid bacteria applications wherever GMOs are not acceptable. Nowadays consumers are aware of gut health and concept of preventative health care, therefore growing demand for probiotics increasing day by day. Therefore, the present review focused on the developments and applications of the Lactobacillus and bacteriocins producing lactobacillus.","PeriodicalId":479227,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology","volume":"5 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135166095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin Collected from Three States of Southwest Nigeria","authors":"None Oluwadara, A. B., None Oni, M. O., None Adebayo, R. A., None Fayeun, L. S., None Ajayi, O. O.","doi":"10.56557/ajmab/2023/v8i28422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/ajmab/2023/v8i28422","url":null,"abstract":"Beauveria bassiaana is a soil borne fungus with variations in molecular composition across varying locations. Ten isolates of B. bassiaana isolated from soil samples collected from forest sites in three States of Southwest Nigeria were characterized using morphological and molecular tools. The morphological characteristics considered were radial growth, colour of colonies, texture, shape of the spores and filaments and the relationship of the spores to the filaments.Means were separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at 0.05% level of significance. DNA was extracted from the isolates and results from the OTU clustering were sequenced using ITS1 and IT4 primers. Results showed slight variation in colour of the colonies, varying from whitish cream to white, having smooth, powdery textures with colonies becoming more identical as plates extended with no significant differences in texture and elevation of the colonies. The radial growth of the isolates was fast, with complete plate cover of the 9 cm Petri dish plates within 7 days for all the isolates. Images of the conidia as viewed under the microscope at x10 and x100 magnifications were observed to possess conidiophores that have whorl and dense clusters of symphodial, short and globose conidiogenous cells with apical zigzag appearance and one celled spherical conidia that prevents any variation in colonies. Isolate sequences showed a 100% homology to B. bassiana having molecular character variations with isolates 6, 4, 9, 3, 2 having percentage similarity of 99.86 with B. bassiana with accession no BbN06B02, isolate 5 had a percentage similarity of 90.62 with B. bassianawith accession number MW633220.198-48 and isolates 7 and 8 had a percentage similarity of 99.18 with B. bassiana with accession number AY805547.1:180-346 as represented in the dendrogramic tree. These observed variations could be utilized in biological insect pest management.","PeriodicalId":479227,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135617490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}