Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"An insight from homogeneity testing of long-term rainfall datasets over East Java, Indonesia","authors":"Heri Mulyanti, Istadi, Rahmat Gernowo","doi":"10.61435/jese.2024.e23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61435/jese.2024.e23","url":null,"abstract":"Robust, reliable, and trustworthy ground observation datasets are the preliminary requirement for assessing the impact of climate change over regions. Principal testing to assess the quality of ground observation rely on the missing data and homogeneity result. The study used 40 years of monthly rainfall documented from different topographical features in the monsoonal region of East Java, Indonesia. The test included annual rainfall, early rainy season (October-November-December), and primary rain season (January-February-March). The homogeneity of rainfall determined by absolute technique: Pettitt’s test, the Standard Normal Homogeneity Test, the Buishand Rank Test, and the von Neumann Ratio. Among the time series, October-November-December observation results in better homogeneity. However, the rainfall datasets during primary rainy season showed the worst homogeneity. By performing annual and seasonal homogeneity test from 67 rainfall stations: 5 stations out of data length required, 5% stations ‘rejected’, 11% ‘suspect’, 11% ‘doubtful’, and 73% were ‘trusted’. Therefore, a total of 45 stations can be used as metadata for relative comparison and 7 stations can be considered to be useful for analysis despite ‘doubtful’. The remaining 10 stations need careful consideration to be used for future water management.  Change point detected particularly between the year of 1997 through 2000. Pettitt’s test has outstanding results in the case of extreme climatic anomaly, but less sensitive of continuous abrupt change. The von Neumann test could detect abnormal data, but was not suitable for datasets containing few extreme values. The insights from homogeneity testing were: a) it is important to remove any outliers in the datasets before conducting homogeneity testing, b) both parametric and nonparametric homogeneity tests should be performed, and c) comparisons should be made with surrounding rainfall stations. Comparison with trusted long-term rainfall data is valuable for stations labeled as ‘doubtful’ or ‘suspect’ to mitigate false detections in individual homogeneity tests. The identified ‘useful’ rainfall data can then serve as reference stations for relative homogeneity tests. These findings suggest that reference stations should be assessed within similar rainfall zones.  ","PeriodicalId":475996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141099249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling a storage tank of carbon capture technology in a power plant in southern Iraq","authors":"Mustafa M. Mansour, Alaa M. Lafta, Haider Sami Salman, Sarah R. Nashee, A. Shkarah","doi":"10.61435/jese.2024.e13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61435/jese.2024.e13","url":null,"abstract":"The IEA's special study on CO2 collection, usage, and storage, released in 2020, estimates global CO2 capacity for storage to be among 8,000 and 55,000 gigatons. One of the most significant issues in introducing carbon into the energy market is improving carbon storage and developing more efficient distribution systems to increase the quantity of carbon that is held as liquid while decreasing storage pressure. The goal of this work is to investigate the efficiency of adsorption-based carbon-storing units from a \"systems\" perspective. The finite element approach, utilized in COMSOL Multi-physics™, is used to create an appropriate two-dimensional axisymmetric geometrical structure that balances energy, mass, and momentum based on thermodynamic extinction rules. We examine charging and discharging the storage unit with a rated pressure of 9 MPa and an initial temperature of 302 K.The storage tank is chilled using ice water. The research findings demonstrate that both simulated fluctuations in pressure and temperature during storage operations are extremely valuable. At the conclusion of charge time, the temperatures in the tank's center region are greater than those at the entry and along the wall, but at the end of discharge time, they are lower. The velocities are highest near the entry and progressively diminish throughout the tank's axis.  As a result, even the lowest possible number (8,000 Gt) substantially surpasses the 100 Gt of CO2 required to be stored by 2055 under the \"sustainable development\" scenario. The IEA analysis also states that the land potential exceeds the offshore potential. Land-based storage capacity is estimated to be between 6,000 and 42,000 Gt, while offshore capacity is estimated to be between 2,000 and 13,000 Gt, assuming only sites less than 300 kilometers from the coast, at depths less than 300 meters, and outside the Arctic and Antarctic zones. Development of a prediction model to improve knowledge of a novel CO2 adsorbent during the adsorbent-desorption cycle, taking into account all transport events. Validation of the model against published data for H2 storage. Predicting pressure and temperature dispersion at various storage tank sites.","PeriodicalId":475996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering","volume":" 948","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140989237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance evaluation of off-grid solar systems for critical medical instruments in remote regions","authors":"Saba Shadvar, Anisur Rahman","doi":"10.61435/jese.2024.e22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61435/jese.2024.e22","url":null,"abstract":"In areas with limited access to electricity or during power outages, ensuring continuous and reliable use of grid-powered electrical instruments is challenging, especially in remote emergency centers. A stable source of electricity is crucial to prevent disruptions in power supply, as they can lead to severe medical complications, jeopardize patient well-being, and even result in fatal incidents. To address this issue, integrating renewable electricity sources such as off-grid solar systems into existing power supply infrastructure can be a viable solution. Recent studies suggest that off-grid solar systems can be reliable and sustainable options for powering medical facilities, particularly in areas lacking uninterrupted grid connectivity. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate the feasibility, benefits, and challenges of integrating off-grid power to support critical medical instruments. Based on an extensive literature review, interviews with experts, and surveys among relevant users, this study finds that the system has the capability to maintain a consistent, dependable power supply, even during adverse weather conditions. Cost and feasibility are highlighted as paramount considerations, based on surveys and focus group results. The study concludes that off-grid solar systems offer an economical, low-maintenance, and environmentally sustainable alternative for remote medical facilities. Finally, this study proposes recommendations to optimize critical device performance during power outages and improve overall system functionality and efficiency.","PeriodicalId":475996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141005182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility study of utilization of palm oil mill effluent (POME) as a source for microalgae nutrients","authors":"Rifqi Ahmad Baihaqi, Wahyu Dizky Pratama","doi":"10.61435/jese.2023.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61435/jese.2023.1","url":null,"abstract":"As palm oil productivity increases, the waste produced will increase. Every palm oil industry produces liquid waste known as palm oil mill effluent (POME). POME contains very high BOD and COD so that it can inhibit microalgae growth. Therefore, comprehensive research is needed to find pre-treatment steps to reduce the COD and BOD content in POME before it is used as a medium for the growth and development of microalgae. The experimental mixture procedure carried out POME and microalgae according to the specified ratio. Research shows that Pond IV POME waste can be used as wild microalgae to grow, thereby reducing the BOD and COD levels of POME waste. Variable modifiers were applied to the volume of POME to the ratio of microalgae volume and the amount of nutrients provided. Microalgae growth with a ratio of 1:4 resulted in a decrease in BOD and COD to 61.66 ppm and 173.33 ppm from 110.6 ppm and 496.67 ppm. On the effect of providing C nutrition (120 ppm), resulted in lower BOD and COD at 65.33 ppm and 186.67 ppm, while the effect of providing N (40 ppm) nutrition resulted in lower BOD and reached 55.41 ppm and 158.33 ppm.","PeriodicalId":475996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134969799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomass resources and thermal conversion biomass to biofuel for cleaner energy: A review","authors":"Thi Bich Ngoc Nguyen, Nguyen Viet Linh Le","doi":"10.61435/jese.2023.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61435/jese.2023.2","url":null,"abstract":"Biofuel is considered as one of the solutions to future energy problems. Unlike fossil fuels, biofuel is a renewable fuel source produced from biomass. Biomass comes from a wide variety of plants and animals and even waste. Therefore, the production of biofuel from biomass is promising not only to solve energy problems but also to solve other social problems. This study will present some of the most potential biomass sources and thermal conversion processes of biomass for biofuel production.","PeriodicalId":475996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering","volume":"36 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134969857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized conversion of waste vegetable oil to biofuel with Meta heuristic methods and design of experiments","authors":"Van Huong Dong, Prabhakar Sharma","doi":"10.61435/jese.2023.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61435/jese.2023.4","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiesel generated from waste cooking oil (WCO) shows enormous potential for accomplishing SDGs and embracing circular economy principles. This strategy coincides with SDGs 7 and 12, which promote clean energy along with ethical consumerism, by converting waste cooking oil into biofuel. It reduces dependency on fossil fuels, reduces emissions, and promotes sustainable energy sources. Furthermore, using WCO biodiesel adheres to the circular economy concept, reducing waste and pollution while conserving resources (SDGs 12, 14, and 15). To optimize this process, a hybrid technique comprising RSM, ANOVA, and particle swarm optimization is being explored. Researchers achieved 90% biodiesel production employing this technology, encouraging both eco-friendly energy and resource-efficient practices. The optimized parameters produced remarkable results: 82.98% biodiesel generation with a reaction time of 101 minutes, 2% catalyst, and a methanol-to-oil ratio of 20%, demonstrating the potential of this integrated strategy.","PeriodicalId":475996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134969856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of jute fiber-reinforced composites in the manufacture of components and equipment used on ships and hulls","authors":"Dinh Tuyen Nguyen, Huu Cuong Le","doi":"10.61435/jese.2023.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61435/jese.2023.3","url":null,"abstract":"In today's maritime field, metal materials are very popular, but they have certain limitations. To meet a variety of requirements, many new materials have been used, including fiberglass reinforced composites, but these materials are often difficult to decompose, have poor recyclability, and cause a great impact on the environment after a period of use. There have been many studies aimed at using natural fibers to replace glass fibers in order to solve the limitations of glass fiber reinforced composites. Jute is one of the most popular natural fibers. Recently, researchers have focused their attention on jute fiber-reinforced composites. This article will talk about the potential of jute fiber reinforced composites applied to the manufacture of components and equipment used on ships and hulls.","PeriodicalId":475996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134969858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital twins for internal combustion engines: A brief review","authors":"Viet Dung Tran, Prabhakar Sharma, Lan Huong Nguyen","doi":"10.61435/jese.2023.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61435/jese.2023.5","url":null,"abstract":"The adoption of digital twin technology in the realm of internal combustion (IC) engines has been attracting a lot of interest. This review article offers a comprehensive summary of digital twin applications and effects in the IC engine arena. Digital twins, which are virtual counterparts of real-world engines, allow for real-time monitoring, diagnostics, and predictive modeling, resulting in improved design, development, and operating efficiency. This abstract digs into the creation of a full virtual depiction of IC engines using data-driven models, physics-based simulations, and IoT sensor data. The study looks at how digital twins can potentially be used throughout the engine's lifespan, including design validation, performance optimization, and condition-based maintenance. This paper emphasizes the critical role of digital twins in revolutionizing IC engine operations, resulting in enhanced reliability, decreased downtime, and enhanced emissions control through a methodical analysis of significant case studies and innovations.","PeriodicalId":475996,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134969798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}