International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials最新文献

{"title":"Investigating Spray Characteristics of Synthetic Fuels: Comparative Analysis with Gasoline","authors":"Weidi Huang, M. Oguma, Kinoshita Koichi, Yohko Abe, Kotaro Tanaka","doi":"10.53941/ijamm.2024.100008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53941/ijamm.2024.100008","url":null,"abstract":"Article\u0000Investigating Spray Characteristics of Synthetic Fuels: Comparative Analysis with Gasoline\u0000\u0000Weidi Huang 1,2, Mitsuharu Oguma 2, Koichi Kinoshita 2, * , Yohko Abe 2, and Kotaro Tanaka 1,3\u0000\u0000\u00001 Carbon Recycling Energy Research Centre, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi 316-8511, Japan\u00002 Research Institute for Energy Conservation, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Namiki 1-2-1, Tsukuba 305-8564, Japan\u00003 Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi 316-8511, Japan\u0000* Correspondence: koichi-kinoshita@aist.go.jp\u0000Received: 13 March 2024; Revised: 22 May 2024; Accepted: 31 May 2024; Published: 5 June 2024\u0000 \u0000Abstract: Studying synthetic fuels is imperative due to their potential to offer sustainable alternatives to conventional fossil fuels, thereby addressing environmental concerns, enhancing energy security, and facilitating the transition to cleaner and more efficient transportation systems. This study presents an experiment analysis concentrating on spray characteristics of five types of synthetic fuels (bio-naphtha, EtG, G40, bio-ethanol, and DMC) in a comparison with gasoline. The experiment was conducted ranging from non-evaporated conditions to evaporated conditions, to thoroughly assess the spray behavior of the tested fuels. Results showed that EtG and G40 share similar properties with conventional gasoline. The discharge coefficient (Cd) was found to increase closely linearly with the square root of fuel density. Under non-evaporated condition (Ta = 25 °C), except for DMC, the spray tip penetration of other fuels deviates within ±5% compared to gasoline. Under evaporated condition (Ta = 200 °C), EtG maintains a spray tip penetration within ±5% of gasoline, while bio-naphtha, G40, and DMC fall within ±10% of gasoline. Notably, bio-ethanol shows a 12% higher penetration compared to gasoline, likely due to its slower evaporation and higher latent heat of vaporization.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475088,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials","volume":"80 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141385369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on Abnormal Starting Noise of Efficient Engine Caused by Abnormal Combustion Noise","authors":"Feng Huang, Xiaochun Zeng, Xili Wang, Xinqi Qiao, Yi Wang, Liang Fang, Yunhua Zhang, Dengcheng Liu, Yonghong Deng","doi":"10.53941/ijamm.2024.100007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53941/ijamm.2024.100007","url":null,"abstract":"Article\u0000Research on Abnormal Starting Noise of Efficient Engine Caused by Abnormal Combustion Noise\u0000\u0000Feng Huang 1, * , Xiaochun Zeng 1, Xili Wang 1, Xinqi Qiao 2, Yi Wang 1, Liang Fang 3, Yunhua Zhang 3, Dengcheng Liu 4, and Yonghong Deng 4\u0000\u0000\u00001  Jiangling Motors Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330001, China\u00002 Mechanical and Power Engineering College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200092, China\u00003 Automobile College, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China\u00004 Nanchang Automotive Institute of Intelligence & New Energy, Nanchang 330052, China\u0000* Correspondence: fhuang6@jmc.com.cn\u0000Received: 20 February 2024; Revised: 7 April 2024; Accepted: 9 May 2024; Published: 22 May 2024\u0000 \u0000Abstract: An abnormal noise problem was reported in a pickup truck equipped with a 2.0 L efficient engine during start-up. The noise was reproduced by the engine anechoic chamber bench for further analysis. NVH test (conducted through audio playback and signal filtering) showed that the noise had a signal of 1–3 kHz. Analysis through cylinder-by-cylinder oil-cutting method found that the abnormal noise completely disappeared after the fourth cylinder was cut off, indicating that the noise was related to the combustion of the fourth cylinder. The combustion characteristics of each cylinder were then analyzed in the starting condition through the Kibox combustion analyzer. The noise appeared after the first fuel injection of the fourth cylinder, and the maximum pressure rise rate was 42 Bar/°, confirming that the abnormal noise was combustion noise. Further tests on the physical fuel injection signal of each cylinder found that the fourth cylinder only had the main injection signal with no pilot injection signal. Further analysis of the synchronization signal recognition method of the model and the underlying logic of the fuel injection program showed that the synchronization signal was recognized for the first time in the starting process after the calculation moment of the 4th cylinder pre-injection program, resulting in the failure of the pre-injection calculation. Finally, the bottom fuel injection interrupt program was pushed back (60° to the crankshaft angle), ensuring smooth injection of the 4th cylinder pilot injection in the starting working condition, thus solving the abnormal noise without impacting engine performance.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475088,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141110011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Investigation of Gaseous Emissions and Hydrocarbon Speciation for MF and MTHF Gasoline Blends in DISI Engine","authors":"Rafiu K. Olalere, Gengxin Zhang","doi":"10.53941/ijamm.2024.100006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53941/ijamm.2024.100006","url":null,"abstract":"Article\u0000Experimental Investigation of Gaseous Emissions and Hydrocarbon Speciation for MF and MTHF Gasoline Blends in DISI Engine\u0000\u0000Rafiu K. Olalere 1,2, Gengxin Zhang 1, and Hongming Xu 1,3, *\u0000\u0000\u00001 Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK\u00002 Department Mechanical Engineering, Lagos State University of Science and Technology, Ikorodu 02341, Nigeria\u00003 State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China\u0000* Correspondence: h.m.xu@bham.ac.uk\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Received: 8 November 2023\u0000Accepted: 25 March 2024\u0000Published: 28 March 2024\u0000 \u0000\u0000Abstract: With the increasing shortage of fossil energy, the development of engines urgently requires alternative fuels. Gaseous emissions of a gasoline direct injection spark ignition engine fueled with blends of 2-methylfuran (MF 20% vol. and gasoline 80% vol.) and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (MTHF 20% vol. and gasoline 80% vol.) were experimentally investigated using Gasmeth FTIR. Experiments were conducted at air-fuel ratio (λ = 1) and at engine speed of 1500 rpm using the fuels optimised spark timing. Effects of fuel injection sweeps (180–280 °CA BTDC) on the emission characteristics of blends were investigated at the intermediate load of 5.5 bar IMEP. Hydrocarbon emission (HC) for gasoline is about 41% and 16% higher compared to MF20 and MTHF20 respectively. Carbon monoxide emission for the fuels increases as the injection timing is retarded but the Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions was observed to reduce with the retarded injection timing. Both MF20 and MTHF20 recorded high NOx emissions compared to gasoline. The results indicated ethylene (25–26%) as the major component of the HC speciation in the fuels investigated. The unburnt furan samples for blend fuels were determined to be less than 3% of HC emissions, which could be considered a safe level for exposure.","PeriodicalId":475088,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials","volume":"23 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on Fuel Properties of Synthetic Gasoline-like Fuels","authors":"Weidi Huang, Kinoshita Koichi, Abe Yohko, Oguma Mitsuharu, Tanaka Kotaro","doi":"10.53941/ijamm.2024.100005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53941/ijamm.2024.100005","url":null,"abstract":"Article\u0000Investigation on Fuel Properties of Synthetic Gasoline-like Fuels\u0000\u0000Weidi Huang 1,2, Koichi Kinoshita 1,*, Yohko Abe 1, Mitsuharu Oguma 1, and Kotaro Tanaka 2,3\u0000\u0000\u00001 Research Institute for Energy Conservation, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-2-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564, Japan\u00002 Carbon Recycling Energy Research Centre, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi, Ibaraki 316-8511, Japan\u00003 Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi, Ibaraki 316-8511, Japan\u0000* Correspondence: koichi-kinoshita@aist.go.jp\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Received: 8 November 2023\u0000Accepted: 25 March 2024\u0000Published: 27 March 2024\u0000 \u0000\u0000Abstract: Synthetic fuels have gained considerable attention due to their promising characteristics. A comprehensive survey was undertaken to assess the availability of synthetic fuels in the global market, followed by an investigation to evaluate their potential in engines. This report presents the initial findings regarding the physical and chemical properties of synthetic gasoline-like fuels, specifically DMC (dimethyl carbonate), bioethanol, EtG (ethanol-to-gasoline), G40, and bio-naphtha. A comparison was conducted between these synthetic fuels and conventional gasoline. Furthermore, discussions were provided to enhance the understanding of the potential influence of fuel properties on spray and combustion characteristics. EtG and G40 are specifically designed to emulate conventional gasoline. Results indicate that EtG and gasoline should be directly interchangeable in the engine or blended in any proportion because they have almost identical Research Octane Number (RON)/Motor Octane Number (MON), fuel density, and higher heating value (HHV). G40 has a higher RON (105) compared with that of gasoline (92.2), likely resulting from the high content of iso-paraffin in G40. Bio-naphtha exhibits the high fraction of paraffin and naphthene content relative to other fuels. The feature of chemical compositions results in a lower RON (55.9), lower HHV and smaller fuel density compared to other fuels. DMC and bioethanol blends in gasoline were investigated. Regardless of whether DMC or bioethanol is incorporated, under a 60% blend ratio, gasoline distillation accelerates initially, until DMC or bioethanol completely evaporates, after which gasoline distillation returns to its normal rate. With increasing the volumetric fraction of the ethanol in the blends, either chemical compositions or the RON/HHV basically change linearly.","PeriodicalId":475088,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Automotive Manufacturing and Materials","volume":"38 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140375027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}