Journal of Multiscale Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Some aspects of bidomain modeling with volume conductors","authors":"R. Poznanski","doi":"10.56280/1628864189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56280/1628864189","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of dynamic multiscaling has changed our approach to multi-neuronal cable theory. Previously, computational neuroscientists considered individual neurons as neural masses or compartmental models, but now, a distributed representation of single neurons as ionic cable structures is most likely to lead to a greater understanding of how the distribution of ionic channels and synaptic input along the dendrites of a few neurons can offset the collective behavior of a large ensemble of neurons and, therefore, provide a measure of the dynamical brain. This change in perspective forms the basis of volume conductor-bidomain modeling, a new method that captures multiscalar electrophysiology.","PeriodicalId":473923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Neuroscience","volume":"11 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141099266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The feasibility of acupuncture on post-spinal cord injury treatment","authors":"Bong Hyo Lee, Jonghoon Kang, Walker S Lewis, Nam Jun Lee, Y. Gwak","doi":"10.56280/1628619012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56280/1628619012","url":null,"abstract":"Spinal cord injury (SCI) simultaneously causes multiple and interrelated pathophysiological disorders throughout the nervous system, hindering the development of effective treatment strategies. Mechanistically, SCI triggers excitatory signaling activation, downregulation of the inhibitory system, neuronal death, followed by the development of new synaptic circuits and reorganization, leading to neurological dysfunctions and mental disorders. Therefore, a simultaneous treatment strategy, known as overlapping treatment, is needed. Over decades, both preclinical and clinical studies have established that acupuncture treatment offers neuroprotection, pain attenuation, improvement of functional recovery, and promotes reward behaviors, suggesting potential roles of acupuncture in post-SCI treatment. Recently, the importance of overlapping treatment has been recognized in developing effective treatments for post-SCI pathophysiology. However, there has been no systematic study investigating the role of acupuncture in various SCI pathophysiology. In this review, we briefly address the mechanisms of post-SCI pathophysiology and discuss the potential therapeutic effects of acupuncture, suggesting its feasibility as a treatment for post-SCI pathophysiology.","PeriodicalId":473923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Neuroscience","volume":"121 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141126234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some necessary constructs of consciousness as defined in the dynamic organicity theory","authors":"R. Poznanski","doi":"10.56280/1622210357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56280/1622210357","url":null,"abstract":"The Dynamic Organicity Theory (DOT) explains consciousness as a process that cannot be reduced to a thing or a structure. This process, called the Polanyian process, involves the evolving diachronic boundary conditions of our experienceability. These boundary conditions are ontologically intertwined with higher-level boundary conditions, which lead to physiological nonlocal cause-and-effect relationships. Thus, adaptive changes occur when self-referential causal closure transforms syntactic structures into experienceable forms. Self-referential causal closure is a causal agent for diachronic boundary conditions that majorly structure intrinsic information in ways that experienceabilities are across time, suggesting that consciousness is not driven by an “internal clock” or regular biological rhythm but rather by intrinsic intentionality preceding path selection through a non-mechanical force of hidden thermodynamic energy that cascades to form a volitional agency of information-based action due to the gain of hidden intrinsic information. The process of transforming syntactical structures to experienceable forms in intrinsic informational pathways is conflated with nonlinear time, and its structuring defines the functionality of the brain. Consciousness-in-the-moment is an “averaging out” between different informational pathways involved across such nonlinear time. The transduction of quantum potential information as negentropic action is a motif for “potential complexity” to decrease the maximum complexity (derived from the brain structure, dynamics, and function) due to the reduction of uncertainty. Given that the functionality of maximum complexity lacks the self-referential causal closure to be a volitional agent needed for precognitive consciousness, it is proposed that negentropic entanglement unifies experienceabilities so that the functionality of multiscale complexity is greater than the functionality of maximum complexity. This may be enough to produce consciousness in organic systems.","PeriodicalId":473923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Neuroscience","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140734736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Principal component analysis on the effect of early morning awakening in major depressive disorder","authors":"Julia R. Higdon, Jonghoon Kang","doi":"10.56280/1620176620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56280/1620176620","url":null,"abstract":"Sleep disturbance is one of the most prevalent symptoms associated with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). A recent article (Wu et al., 2022, Journal of Multiscale Neuroscience 1, 133-139) explored the significant relationship between early morning awakening (EMA), a type of sleep disturbance, and recovery in MDD patients. In the paper, the authors examined the relationship between EMA and the treatment of MDD with twelve neuropsychological parameters. The authors employed two univariate statistical techniques, students’ t-test and ANOVA, to analyze their data. While their analysis derived a meaningful conclusion that EMA may result in a statistically and clinically significant delay in recovery, we found that a multivariate statistical technique, principal component analysis (PCA), extracted additional quantitative information from their study. In this paper, we present quantitative features in the interaction between EMA and the treatment of MDD obtained from PCA.","PeriodicalId":473923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Neuroscience","volume":"50 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140363445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of addictions with special reference to anorexia nervosa","authors":"H. Tuckwell","doi":"10.56280/1620173955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56280/1620173955","url":null,"abstract":"Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a disease affecting mainly young women. It involves a pathological desire to be thin and has a complex etiology. Treatments, which have varying degrees of success, focus on medication or supervised counseling, sometimes in a hospital setting. AN has several possible co-morbidities, including obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, and anxiety. In this article, it is hypothesized that since AN has characteristics in common with those of addiction, it could possibly be treated with supplements, such as N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which act to restore glutamate homeostasis in the nucleus accumbens and have been successfully employed in the treatment of substance abuse and various addictive behaviors.","PeriodicalId":473923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Neuroscience","volume":"48 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140373223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dynamic organicity theory of consciousness: how consciousness arises from the functionality of multiscale complexity in the material brain","authors":"R. Poznanski","doi":"10.56280/1609121701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56280/1609121701","url":null,"abstract":"The fine structure of consciousness is temporally experienced. This makes possible a dynamic organicity theory of consciousness through disunified order in the pre-, sub- and noncognitive levels of causal processes and dynamics. This multilevel approach is based on functional systems where space is implicitly grounded as changeable boundary conditions (due to organicity), and energy capture and storage under energy flow entail structuring intrinsic information (as both hidden thermodynamic energy and hidden thermodynamic information). The use of anaesthesia indicates consciousness disappears when there is an obliteration of intrinsic information within membrane protein amino acids, suggesting that quantum-thermal fluctuations of the electromagnetic field can be functional and non-vacuous. The origin of thermo-qubit syn-tax is derived from the principle of self-reference as the syntax of consciousness. In addition to the classical Brownian motion of macroscopically observable mean values, the negentropically derived quantum potential is an additional degree of freedom where the structuring of intrinsic information takes place by negentropic action from the microscopically random quantum-thermal fluctuations. Such functional fluctuations provide a way for intentionality to come in from spontaneous ordering, leading to path selection as an instruction to act. The resultant intentionality becomes part of information-based action when functional interactions are selected and boundary conditions change, causing interference pattern matching through temporal re-organization of informational redundancy structures (not used in functional interactions). The self-referential dynamic structures (of evolving informational holons) transform syntac-tic structures into experienceable forms. In comparing the interference patterns of functional interactions during restructuring informational redundancy structures, the functionality of multiscale complexity as functional systems patterns gives experienceable forms the potential to understand “meaning” by reducing uncertainty in the process of structuring intrinsic information. The self-reference principle establishes dynamical pathways from the microscale to the macroscale (this includes nonlocal pathways), in which diachronic causation and how the disunity of causal order in the redundancy creates a weak unity of consciousness through its temporal structure, which has an inferred purpose that gives rise to a sense of self.","PeriodicalId":473923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Neuroscience","volume":"31 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140482662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dodecanogram (DDG): Advancing EEG technology with a high- frequency brain activity measurement device","authors":"P. Singh, J.S. Manna, P. Dey, S. Sarkar, A. Pattanayaka, S. Nag, S, Pramanik, K. Saxena, S.D. Krishnananda, T. Dutta, A. Bandyopadhyay","doi":"10.56280/1600841751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56280/1600841751","url":null,"abstract":"EEG measures electric potential changes in the scalp. Even though it has been associated with human thoughts, there has been no direct evidence. The problem with EEG is that it measures variations in current or electric potential in the millisecond time domain, where muscle movement strongly affects the readings. The millisecond time domain is equivalent to the kHz resonance signal generated by any dielectric resonator, and every single cell membrane resonates in this time range. So, the measurement of EEG could come simply from the skin and not from the brain. Therefore, we have advanced EEG technology with the dodecanogram (DDG), which reveals 12 frequency bands or 12 discrete time regions where brain activities are most significant. We measure brain activity using a stream of pulses and a logic analyzer that counts ultra-short pulses needed to emulate brain scalp potential changes. We have created another version of DDG where, using an array of RLC (resistor-inductor-capacitor) resonators, we sense the ultra-low-power electromagnetic radiation from different locations on the brain's surface. Since we measure signals from Hz to THz, covering 12 orders of time ranges as a property of dielectric resonance, unlike EEG, there is a high probability that the DDG signal may truly originate from the brain. We have monitored DDG on an artificial organic brain replica 24/7 for over a year and on multiple human subjects, before and after meditation and concluded that most cognitive, perceptive and emotional bursts occur around 200-700 nanoseconds, not milliseconds, as it was believed for 150 years of EEG era.","PeriodicalId":473923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Neuroscience","volume":"37 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138633213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intentionality for better communication in minimally conscious AI design","authors":"R. Poznanski, L. Cacha, V. Sbitnev, N. Iannella, S. Parida, E.J. Brandas, J.Z. Achimowicz","doi":"10.56280/1600750890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56280/1600750890","url":null,"abstract":"Consciousness is the ability to have intentionality, which is a process that operates at various temporal scales. To qualify as conscious, an artificial device must express functionality capable of solving the Intrinsicality problem, where experienceable form or syntax gives rise to understanding 'meaning' as a noncontextual dynamic prior to language. This is suggestive of replacing the Hard Problem of consciousness to build conscious artificial intelligence (AI) Developing model emulations and exploring fundamental mechanisms of how machines understand meaning is central to the development of minimally conscious AI. It has been shown by Alemdar and colleagues [New insights into holonomic brain theory: implications for active consciousness. Journal of Multiscale Neuroscience 2 (2023), 159-168] that a framework for advancing artificial systems through understanding uncertainty derived from negentropic action to create intentional systems entails quantum-thermal fluctuations through informational channels instead of recognizing (cf., introspection) sensory cues through perceptual channels. Improving communication in conscious AI requires both software and hardware implementation. The software can be developed through the brain-machine interface of multiscale temporal processing, while hardware implementation can be done by creating energy flow using dipole-like hydrogen ion (proton) interactions in an artificial 'wetwire' protonic filament. Machine understanding can be achieved through memristors implemented in the protonic 'wetwire' filament embedded in a real-world device. This report presents a blueprint for the process, but it does not cover the algorithms or engineering aspects, which need to be conceptualized before minimally conscious AI can become operational.","PeriodicalId":473923,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Multiscale Neuroscience","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138587838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}