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Prevalence and socio-demographic determinants of malaria among febrile under- five children in Abobo district, Southwest Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study 埃塞俄比亚西南部阿波波区五岁以下发热儿童中疟疾流行率和社会人口统计学决定因素:横断面研究

Journal of Infectious Diseases and Immunity Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.5897/jidi2023.0225

Dubale Mitiku, Obang Obang

{"title":"Prevalence and socio-demographic determinants of malaria among febrile under- five children in Abobo district, Southwest Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study","authors":"Dubale Mitiku, Obang Obang","doi":"10.5897/jidi2023.0225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jidi2023.0225","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria ranks among Ethiopia's top ten causes of illness and mortality among children under five. The disease continues to pose a severe public health risk in malaria-endemic regions like the Abobo district. Information on malaria prevalence and its determinants among under-five year’s children in the Abobo district is missing. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Abobo Catholic Health Center in Abobo district, Southwest Ethiopia, from June 2022 to August 2022. A total of 265 febrile children under the age of five were consecutively enrolled in the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, parental/caregiver knowledge, and malaria-determining factors. Malaria was diagnosed in the health center using the Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test and Microscopy to confirm the presence of malaria parasites. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with malaria. This study comprised 265 participants, and the response rate was 100%. 36.2% of febrile children under five had malaria. Determinants like the presence of stagnant water (AOR = 0.203, 95% CI: 0.077, 0.537), and garbage heaps close to homes (AOR = 2.45, 95% CI: 1.41-4.26) were all related with an increased risk of contracting malaria. Compared to children who did not sleep under insecticide-treated nets, those who did were more likely to be protected from malaria infection (AOR = 0.238; 95% CI: 0.138-0.411). Malaria in Abobo town and the surrounding area disproportionately affected children under five. The most important determinants for malaria infections were living close to stagnant water, having garbage heaps surrounding the house, poor water drainage systems, and using insecticide-treated nets inadequately. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen community mobilization to improve the implementation of malaria prevention strategies and decrease the prevalence in the study area.","PeriodicalId":470920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases and Immunity","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136272087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Ile Ife, Southwestern Nigeria 尼日利亚西南部Ile Ife孕妇中弓形虫感染的血清阳性率和相关危险因素

Journal of Infectious Diseases and Immunity Pub Date : 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.5897/jidi2022.0219

Titus Adeniyi Olusi, Saheed Adekola Salawu, Mobolanle Oladipo Oniya

{"title":"Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Ile Ife, Southwestern Nigeria","authors":"Titus Adeniyi Olusi, Saheed Adekola Salawu, Mobolanle Oladipo Oniya","doi":"10.5897/jidi2022.0219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jidi2022.0219","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies as well as associated risk factors among pregnant women attending ante-natal care clinics in Ile Ife, Southwestern, Nigeria. A cross sectional hospital study was carried out in three major health care facilities within the study area between June and October, 2019.  Three hundred and twenty pregnant women aged between 14-50 years were enrolled during the study period and their blood samples were screened for IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii using ELISA test. Structured questionnaires were also used to obtain participants’ socio-demographic data and some risk factors associated with the infection. Among the 320 pregnant women studied, overall seroprevalence of T. gondii was 34.68%, whereas 23.75% of the pregnant women were seropositive to IgG, 10.94% showed seropositivity to IgM antibodies. The analysis of the study also revealed that the seropositivity of T. gondii increased as the age of the pregnant women increased and decreases with increase in level of educational attainment. Significant associations were recorded among seropositivity of T. gondii infection and marital status, cat ownership, habit of tasting raw/undercooked meat and presence of rodents/cockroaches in the household (P? 0.05). The findings of this study show that the seropositivity to anti-toxoplasma antibodies is high in the study area. Therefore, there is a need to educate pregnant women about the risk factors that can lead to toxoplasma infection in order to reduce congenital toxoplasma cases among their offspring and newborns. It is also very important to include testing for toxoplasma antibodies as part of the ante-natal investigation that will be carried out on pregnant women. Key words: Toxoplasma gondii, pregnant women, seroprevalence, infection, risk factors, marital status, cat ownership.","PeriodicalId":470920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases and Immunity","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135265536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0