Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 35 (2021)最新文献

Codeswitching and artistic performance among multilingual minorities in Flanders 法兰德斯多语言少数民族的代码转换和艺术表演

Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 35 (2021) Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.1075/bjl.00063.laf

M. Lafkioui

引用次数: 0

Diminutive constructions inbilingual speech 双语讲话中的小结构

Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 35 (2021) Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.1075/bjl.00068.van

Margot Vanhaverbeke, Renata Enghels

{"title":"Diminutive constructions inbilingual speech","authors":"Margot Vanhaverbeke, Renata Enghels","doi":"10.1075/bjl.00068.van","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/bjl.00068.van","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The diminutive construction is formed and used differently in Spanish and English, which leads us to the question\u0000 how this construction with different morphosyntactic and semantic-pragmatic characteristics in the input languages is governed in\u0000 Spanish-English bilingual and codeswitching speech. Through the analysis of a dataset of diminutive constructions extracted from\u0000 the Bangor Miami corpus, this paper contributes to a better understanding of how one and the same construction differently\u0000 represented in the input languages is administered in bilingual contexts. As this is a first approach to studying diminutives in\u0000 codeswitching, three well known structural codeswitching models serve as a primary theoretical tool against which the diminutive\u0000 is tested. These are Poplack’s (1980) Universal Constraints, Myers-Scotton’s (2002) Matrix Language Frame Model, and Blom and\u0000 Gumperz’ (1972) Metaphorical Codeswitching Framework. The results show that Miami bilinguals prefer the prototypical\u0000 markers of each language, -ito and little (e.g. un partimecito, un little\u0000 estante). Furthermore, while the data largely confirm Poplack’s Constraints, they refute our hypothesis based on\u0000 Myers-Scotton’s MLF model. Regarding Gumperz’ theory, the use of diminutive markers in a particular language correlates with a\u0000 certain meaning the speaker wants to communicate (i.e. quantitative or qualitative), which again provides support to the\u0000 framework.","PeriodicalId":440280,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 35 (2021)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125188602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Default gender in Belgian Dutch 比利时荷兰语的默认性别

Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 35 (2021) Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.1075/bjl.00066.wyn

Emma Vanden Wyngaerd

{"title":"Default gender in Belgian Dutch","authors":"Emma Vanden Wyngaerd","doi":"10.1075/bjl.00066.wyn","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/bjl.00066.wyn","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Grammatical gender has been thoroughly investigated in codeswitching (CS) research. When (only) one of the languages involved in CS has grammatical gender, it has repeatedly been shown that (simultaneous) bilinguals assign default gender to a codeswitched noun from a genderless language (Liceras et al. 2008; Valdés Kroff et al. 2017; Parafita Couto 2019). For Spanish, “[t]here is little doubt that masculine is the unmarked or default gender” (Harris, 1991, 43). When looking at Belgian Dutch however, the picture is a bit more complicated, as it is not clear which determiner is unmarked for gender. Rooryck (2003) argues that the neuter gender is the under-specified category, while the masculine and feminine are marked for gender. This would predict that English nouns would be preceded by a neuter determiner when incorporated in a Belgian Dutch sentence. However, it seems to be the case that masculine, rather than neuter, is the preferred determiner for English codeswitches into Dutch. This paper reports on an acceptability judgment task in which simultaneous bilinguals were asked to rate (Belgian) Dutch sentences containing an English noun on a 7 point scale. Results surprisingly show a preference for feminine gender, in addition to neuter being dispreferred. I speculate that this unexpected result is due to influence from Standard Dutch.","PeriodicalId":440280,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 35 (2021)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130974982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intense Turkish-Dutch bilingualism leads to intense Turkish-Dutch mixing 强烈的土耳其-荷兰双语导致强烈的土耳其-荷兰混合

Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 35 (2021) Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.1075/bjl.00062.bac

A. Backus, D. Demirçay

{"title":"Intense Turkish-Dutch bilingualism leads to intense Turkish-Dutch mixing","authors":"A. Backus, D. Demirçay","doi":"10.1075/bjl.00062.bac","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/bjl.00062.bac","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Codeswitching in the Turkish migration settings in Western Europe has been studied almost since the beginning of\u0000 the labor migration that formed these communities. The patterns of codeswitching have gradually become more complex, which is\u0000 demonstrated with reference to data from the Netherlands. Initially it was limited to the insertion of Dutch words into Turkish\u0000 utterances, largely needed to fill lexical gaps. Gradually, as a new generation grew up with Dutch education, living most of their\u0000 lives in a Dutch social environment, codeswitching patterns grew in complexity, with an increase in alternation between Dutch and\u0000 Turkish utterances. Often, these and other patterns are attested in the speech of the same people at the same time, within a\u0000 single conversation: they represent a bilingual speech style.\u0000 The most recent investigations into Turkish-Dutch codeswitching show how this increasing intensity of bilingualism\u0000 in the community has led to increasing integration of the languages in everyday in-group bilingual speech. Of all switches, a\u0000 relatively small percentage is taken up by the insertion of content words into either language; yet, codeswitching is not always\u0000 straightforward alternation between Turkish and Dutch utterances. Instead, utterances often contain chunks from both languages.\u0000 This phenomenon will be illustrated in this article and explained through a usage-based perspective that privileges a\u0000 processing-based over a structuralist account, but crucially ties this account to an understanding of the social motivations that\u0000 make this kind of bilingual speech possible, or even desired.","PeriodicalId":440280,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 35 (2021)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129115787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Beyond differences and similarities in codeswitching and translanguaging research 语码转换与译语研究的异同

Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 35 (2021) Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.1075/bjl.00065.bal

Osmer Balam

{"title":"Beyond differences and similarities in codeswitching and translanguaging research","authors":"Osmer Balam","doi":"10.1075/bjl.00065.bal","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/bjl.00065.bal","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In previous research, there has been an emphasis on differentiating and distancing\u0000 translanguaging from codeswitching, partly on the basis that the latter refers to the\u0000 combination of two discrete systems that correspond to named languages. While this is the mainstream view, there are codeswitching\u0000 scholars who have proposed alternative views that align with some of the same observations and criticisms that have been raised by\u0000 proponents of translanguaging. In this conceptual paper, I provide an overview of translanguaging alongside opposing views of\u0000 codeswitching, and I underscore important similarities that have thus far been absent from present discussions regarding\u0000 translanguaging versus codeswitching. Drawing on data from the understudied Spanish/English codeswitching variety spoken in\u0000 Northern Belize, I discuss how bilingual compound verbs lend support to alternative views of codeswitching. Despite clear\u0000 differences in their empirical goals, research conducted by both codeswitching and translanguaging scholars compels us to\u0000 reexamine fundamental notions about language and linguistic competence. This reevaluation will not only contribute to theoretical\u0000 advancement, but it will further elucidate our understanding of the complexity and dynamicity that characterizes bi/multilingual\u0000 speech production and processing.","PeriodicalId":440280,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 35 (2021)","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123600744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Gender in Dutch/Portuguesecodeswitching 荷兰语/葡萄牙语转换中的性别

Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 35 (2021) Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.1075/bjl.00067.gre

Miriam Greidanus Romaneli, I. Boers, M. C. Parafita Couto

{"title":"Gender in Dutch/Portuguesecodeswitching","authors":"Miriam Greidanus Romaneli, I. Boers, M. C. Parafita Couto","doi":"10.1075/bjl.00067.gre","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/bjl.00067.gre","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study focuses on unveiling the strategies involved in gender assignment in codeswitching between two\u0000 gendered languages: Dutch (common/neuter gender) and Portuguese (masculine/feminine gender). We draw on naturalistic speech\u0000 (n = 32 speakers), elicited production (n = 35) as well as intuitional data\u0000 (n = 57) from Dutch/Portuguese bilinguals stemming from three communities in Paraná, Southern Brazil, aiming\u0000 to disentangle the relative roles of linguistic and extralinguistic factors on gender assignment. In unilingual Dutch, we find\u0000 that Dutch/Portuguese bilinguals overgeneralize common determiners and adjectives to neuter nouns, similarly to other Dutch\u0000 bilinguals outside the Netherlands (Clyne 1977; Clyne and Pauwels 2013; Folmer 1991; Giesbers 1997). In codeswitched\u0000 constructions, however, speakers assign common and masculine gender as defaults, in line with the prediction that speakers of\u0000 language pairs with no gender values in common prefer gender defaulting in mixed constructions (Klassen 2016). While extralinguistic factors such as age and relative use of the languages shaped\u0000 unilingual Dutch production, the patterns during codeswitching were conventionalized across the speaker sample.","PeriodicalId":440280,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 35 (2021)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116965680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcodic marks in exam discourse in French 法语考试语篇中的跨文本标记

Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 35 (2021) Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.1075/bjl.00064.ste

Marie Steffens

{"title":"Transcodic marks in exam discourse in French","authors":"Marie Steffens","doi":"10.1075/bjl.00064.ste","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/bjl.00064.ste","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The present article focuses on semantic-pragmatic and sociolinguistic factors explaining the use of non-French\u0000 words and constructions in the exolingual communicative context of French exams. On the basis of an oral and written exam corpus,\u0000 this article looks into different types of cross-linguistic interactions to question the boundaries of codeswitching (CS) and\u0000 propose a prototypical approach. Special attention is given to the correlations between the embedded languages (in this case,\u0000 English or Dutch) and the type of influence these languages have on the participants’ French discourse. By taking into account the\u0000 distribution of cross-linguistic interactions in the discourse of different groups of participants divided according to the levels\u0000 of the European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR 2001), this study shows\u0000 that, even if lower level participants resort to other languages to compensate for lexical deficiencies in French, they also\u0000 choose to resort to non-French lexemes due to semantic and sociolinguistic factors, as is the case for advanced level speakers.\u0000 From the perspective of language assessment, the notion of lexical error is central. Based on a typology of embedded units, this\u0000 study aims at identifying the factors of acceptability of different types of transcodic marks.","PeriodicalId":440280,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Linguistics, Volume 35 (2021)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126376211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0