{"title":"Schaffgotschowie między Austrią i Prusami w dobie wojen o Śląsk (1740–1763)","authors":"Arkadiusz Kuzio-Podrucki","doi":"10.24917/zaranieslaskie.8.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24917/zaranieslaskie.8.1","url":null,"abstract":"280 years ago, in 1742, the First Silesian War came to an end. The treaty of Breslau and Berlin resulted in the division of Silesia between Prussia and Austria, both of which happened to fight for this region twice again in the years to come – during the Second Silesian War of 1744–1745 and the Seven-Year War of 1756–1763. However, these two conflicts only confirmed the original division. Throughout the conflict, both sides fought with changing fortunes. The Silesian aristocrats were compelled to choose sides and bear the consequences of their choices, which ranged from being showered with privileges to being imprisoned, from being exiled to being allowed to carry on with their lives and keep their demesne. One of the most important and influential aristocratic families were the Schaffgotsches. Count Johann Anton and his sons experienced all the above mentioned circumstances. The count first fled before the Prussian army, only to return some time later. His son, Prince-Bishop of Breslau, Philipp Gotthard, was first honoured with the highest Prussian military award, the Order of the Black Eagle, but afterwards – exiled from the Prussian part of Silesia. An Austrian rittmeister, Johann Nepomuk, died as a Prussian chamberlain at the royal court in Berlin. Karl Gotthard, having sworn an oath to Prussia, died in the Habsburg ruled Prague. Emmanuel Gotthard died, as a subject of the Prussian emperor, in the last days of the Seven-Year War. The border established in the peace treaty of 1742 is still in existence and today – with some minor differences within the Teschen Silesia – constitutes the state border between the Republic of Poland and the Czech Republic.","PeriodicalId":434240,"journal":{"name":"Zaranie Śląskie. Seria druga","volume":"157 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127369377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dokument z czasów grozy. Notatki ks. Joachima Beslera SVD, kapelana katowickiego więzienia z lat 1942–1945","authors":"Andrzej Grajewski","doi":"10.24917/zaranieslaskie.8.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24917/zaranieslaskie.8.4","url":null,"abstract":"Notes written and edited by rev. Joachim Besler, SVD, chaplain of the Katowice prison between 1942 and 1945, and stored at the Archives of the Archdiocese of Katowice, constitute an important testimony of the last moments of the life of Blessed rev. Jan Macha and two of his co-workers, Joachim Gűrtler and Leon Rydrych. The notes are also an important source enabling us to broaden our knowledge on the people guillotined in the Katowice prison and bringing a lot of detailed information on the functioning of this institution itself as the place of martyrdom of the Polish population of Upper Silesia in the times of the German occupation. Rev. Besler started his service as chaplain in this prison on 28 July 1942 and worked there until January 1945, when Red Army troops entered Katowice. According to his memoirs, he had prepared about five hundred people for death, most of whom were Polish, but there were also some Germans, Italians and Frenchmen. He also remembered several women whose confession he had taken before their execution. All the prisoners were brought over to Katowice from various prisons in the provinces of Katowice and Opole, such as Bielsko, Cieszyn, Strzelce and Racibórz. At that time, rev. Besler took conspiratorial notes on the people sentenced to death and on their death circumstances. The notes were then used to create a manuscript, which was subsequently re-written and stored in the archives. The document has already been quoted by historians, but it has never been published as a whole.","PeriodicalId":434240,"journal":{"name":"Zaranie Śląskie. Seria druga","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132181027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Opis wkroczenia na teren plebiscytowy Wojska Polskiego i Reichswehry w 1922 roku na łamach Der Oberschlesische Wanderer","authors":"Ryszard Kaczmarek","doi":"10.24917/zaranieslaskie.8.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24917/zaranieslaskie.8.3","url":null,"abstract":"Following the decision to divide Upper Silesia between Germany and Poland, detailed regulations were established according to which individual counties were supposed to be taken over by both states. Major celebrations on the German side were held in the summer of 1922 in Opole, where the official assumption of control over the German Upper Silesia by the government of the German Reich took place. The legality of the actions undertaken in the Upper Silesia by the victorious western states was undermined and postulates were put forward to peacefully revise the course of the border established in the wake of the plebiscite and the Silesian Uprisings. In his article, the author presents this issue, as seen from the perspective of the then German press.","PeriodicalId":434240,"journal":{"name":"Zaranie Śląskie. Seria druga","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116780022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"”Hetzer Korfanty” oder ”Meister der Reklame”?","authors":"Marius Urbanik","doi":"10.24917/zaranieslaskie.8.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24917/zaranieslaskie.8.2","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examines the image of Wojciech Korfanty as Polish voting commissioner in Upper Silesia in the reporting of four German liberal daily newspapers (Berliner Tageblatt, Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung, Frankfurter Zeitung, Kölnische Zeitung) from the Weimar Republic. Initially trying to accompany him with a certain distance and prejudice and to give him actual recognition for his rhetorical skills and skilful propaganda activities, Korfanty quickly became the preferred object of German attacks and the third uprising, the intensity and vehemence of the appropriate criticism reached an unimagined level. It cannot be overlooked that during this time the press constantly tried to counter Korfanty himself and his actions with disavowing reports. He thus rose to become the protagonist of German agitation in Upper Silesia and remained continuously the centre of attention of German attacks. A look at the German liberal newspapers based on the results obtained shows an extremely one-sided and unreservedly negative image of Wojciech Korfanty as the Polish voting commissioner, who terrorized the (German) population in Upper Silesia with his activities and terrified them. But in the statements he was not only associated with hate speech, murder and agitation. In the course of his activities in the voting area, he was seen with his intentions and demands as the embodiment of the Polish dismemberment efforts, who only wanted to cause suffering and damage to the whole Upper Silesian country.","PeriodicalId":434240,"journal":{"name":"Zaranie Śląskie. Seria druga","volume":"418 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131825831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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