EcoRN: Climate Change Ecology (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Clean Air Cheap. Investing Billions in Direct Air Capture to Save Trillions of $'s for a 1.5 Degree Climate Target.","authors":"Nick Gogerty","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3755077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3755077","url":null,"abstract":"Spending public resources to crowd-in technology investment can accelerate development. Direct Air Technology may benefit greatly from this. <br><br>Experience curve effects mean that expensive early stage technologies may be the most effective solutions available. Public policy using a long term lens means investing in \"expensive\" solutions today can have significant long-terms returns. An interactive model of this paper and model is available at https://grid.is/@ngogerty/clean-air-cheap-investing-billions-in-direct-air-capture-to-save-trillions-for-a-1-5-degree-climate-target-HogB_rMsQCecl3D30xVglw","PeriodicalId":434035,"journal":{"name":"EcoRN: Climate Change Ecology (Topic)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121565061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Change and Causation. Joining Law and Climate Science on the basis of Formal Logic","authors":"Petra Minnerop, F. Otto","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3522519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3522519","url":null,"abstract":"A strict application of legal tests to find the cause of an event has always been a challenge for a coherent causal analysis. This is again the case for making causal statements in the climate change context, although we are witnessing unprecedented impacts of a changing climate at a global scale. While probabilistic event attribution provides information linking greenhouse gas emission levels to observable characteristics of extreme weather and climate related events, the conventional understanding of causation in law provides a very limited response to this scientific knowledge. We offer a new matrix for developing causal explanations based on formal logic, for a coherent analysis that is compatible with climate science and law. This matrix causally explains the relation between emissions, the increase in global mean surface temperature, the general increase in frequency and severity of climate related events and, most significantly, between emissions and individual climate related events.","PeriodicalId":434035,"journal":{"name":"EcoRN: Climate Change Ecology (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121025634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategic Asset Allocation With Climate Change","authors":"Sally Shen, A. LaPlante, Alexey Rubtsov","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3249211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3249211","url":null,"abstract":"We develop a top-down strategic pathway towards green investing and show that eco-investing should not be a puzzle or a sacrifice if investors consider the unknown impact of climate change on different asset classes. We investigate the impact of climate change over a large universe of asset classes including stocks, bonds, alternatives and a list of green assets which have low-carbon emissions, in terms of their time-varying risk-return trade-offs using a factor-based vector autoregression (VAR) model with climate risk as an additional state variable. Estimation results show that green assets are in general resilient against temperature change, while many grey assets are negatively related to the risk of warming. When simulating future investment opportunity set, we disentangle the climate effects from the return processes and introduce two climate scenarios: an optimistic scenario implied by the VAR estimates; and a pessimistic one based on the DICE model. We find a substantial demand for green assets under the pessimistic scenario, which verifies the hypothesis that investors with a decent awareness of climate change should find it profitable to invest in green.","PeriodicalId":434035,"journal":{"name":"EcoRN: Climate Change Ecology (Topic)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114507957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why Talk about Carbon Removal?","authors":"D. Morrow, H. Buck, W. Burns, S. Nicholson, Carolyn Turkaly","doi":"10.17606/M6H66H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17606/M6H66H","url":null,"abstract":"Talk of removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is spilling out of scientific circles and into the realm of climate politics and policy. Civil society has a vital role to play in ensuring that this conversation is responsive to social needs and develops in constructive and appropriate ways. This report provides a starting point to help environmental and social justice non-governmental organizations (NGOs) engage in the growing conversation about carbon removal. \u0000 \u0000Section 1 of the report argues that the world needs to grapple seriously with large-scale carbon removal and long-term storage, exploring both the rationale for considering carbon removal and the associated risks and downsides. Section 2 provides a brief introduction to the range of options for large-scale carbon removal. Section 3 surveys the existing conversation in different domains, from academia to philanthropy to civil society. Section 4 considers the relationship between carbon removal and mitigation. Section 5 sketches a research agenda for assessing various approaches to carbon removal.","PeriodicalId":434035,"journal":{"name":"EcoRN: Climate Change Ecology (Topic)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121890830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central Banks and the Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy","authors":"P. Monnin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3350913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3350913","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is a fundamental challenge for our societies. Containing it will require a profound and radical transformation of our economic system, including a substantial reorientation of investments toward low-carbon technologies. The question to what extent central banks can and should contribute to this effort is moving up agendas worldwide. Building on the research presented at a CEP DNB workshop on “Central Banking and Green Finance” in November 2017, this discussion note explores policy options available to central banks to contribute to the transition to a low-carbon economy. The studies presented in the workshop reassert that climate change is a potential risk for the stability of the financial system. Against this background, and as a first step, central banks should develop a comprehensive evaluation of climate-related systemic risks in the financial sector. They should also consider regulatory measures to mitigate these risks, in particular by implementing higher capital requirements for loans to carbon-intensive economic activities – a measure which would support the transition to a low-carbon economy, increase capital levels and thus strengthen financial system stability. Academic research also highlights that current large-scale asset purchases by central banks are biased toward incumbent carbon-intensive sectors. Central banks should further assess these biases and ensure that climate-related risks are adequately reflected in their own balance sheets as well as their collateral frameworks.","PeriodicalId":434035,"journal":{"name":"EcoRN: Climate Change Ecology (Topic)","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122758581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-Economic Assessment of Climate-Smart Tea Production in the Northern Mountainous Region of Vietnam","authors":"Tran The Tuong, A. Arslan, G. Branca, M. Trinh","doi":"10.22004/AG.ECON.280970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22004/AG.ECON.280970","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural production in the face of climate change requires a climate-smart transformation and reorientation at multiple scales. Vietnam is one of the developing countries that is agriculture-based and severely affected by climate change; therefore it is crucial that the agricultural system advances toward this transformation. While climate-smart agriculture has gained a significant attention in global fora, context-specific evidence is still scarce in Vietnam. This study examines climate-smart agriculture potentials in tea production systems in the northern mountainous region of Vietnam. Since the climate-smart agriculture concept is multidimensional, which includes food security and adaptation and mitigation, an interdisciplinary analytical framework is employed in this research to assess the economic and biophysical dimensions. Enterprise budgets and representative farms (i.e., farms or households having one or more activities or enterprises) are developed for tea and alternative crops, as well as livestock production, to analyze the productivity dimension of food security. In evaluating the adaptation potential of tea production, local farmers’ perceptions and experiences of extreme weather events are combined with ERA-Interim data (1989-2013) and household survey data on income levels (reanalysis dataset taken from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts; ERA stands for ECMWF Reanalysis). Greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration potentials are estimated through partial Carbon Footprint Life Cycle Assessment. Results show that tea production systems generate net margins, returns to capital, and family labor higher than the alternatives. Farmers, therefore, have high incentives to switch from other crops to tea production. In the face of climate change, tea has shown a strong biophysical adaptive capacity compared to other crops in the northern mountainous region. Tea production systems have a high capability for carbon storage. Evidence of strong synergies between food security and mitigation and adaptation is demonstrated for tea production systems in the northern mountainous region, and potential tradeoffs were highlighted, where relevant.","PeriodicalId":434035,"journal":{"name":"EcoRN: Climate Change Ecology (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129755183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Resolution Climate Scenarios on Mediterranean Test Case Areas for the Hydro-Climate Integrated System","authors":"P. Mercogliano, M. Montesarchio, Rianna Guido, P. Schiano, R. Vezzoli, Nicola Ciro Zollo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2539008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2539008","url":null,"abstract":"This document is aimed to show the main results of climate projections, under two RCPs, at 2100 obtained in WP A.2.6 “High-resolution climate scenarios” on the geo-hydrological hotspots identified within WP A.2.17 “Analysis of geo-hydrological risk related to climate change” of GEMINA project. The main goal of WP A.2.17 is the analysis of the effect of climate changes on occurrence and magnitude of landslides, floods and low flows hazards on some specific contexts of the Mediterranean area. To reach this objective, climate data at the same horizontal resolution (","PeriodicalId":434035,"journal":{"name":"EcoRN: Climate Change Ecology (Topic)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128398019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}