Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports最新文献

Detection Methods of Counterfeit Drugs: A Systemic Review 假药检测方法：系统回顾

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-31 DOI: 10.47363/jprsr/2023(4)144

Abdul-Wali Ajlouni Ajlouni, Mesheal AL Abdulrahman

{"title":"Detection Methods of Counterfeit Drugs: A Systemic Review","authors":"Abdul-Wali Ajlouni Ajlouni, Mesheal AL Abdulrahman","doi":"10.47363/jprsr/2023(4)144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jprsr/2023(4)144","url":null,"abstract":"Counterfeit medicines are one of the major challenges facing pharmaceutical supply chains and patient safety and are a serious problem in countries around the world. These drugs represent a major threat to the patient’s life, to the real drug manufacturers, and to the country’s image. The problem of substandard/ counterfeit/counterfeit/counterfeit medical products is more serious in countries with weak health regulatory systems and fragile health infrastructure. These characteristics increase the risk of manufacturing and/or distributing medicinal products that do not comply with national and regional health regulations, putting patients at risk. High and variable prices, insufficient access to affordable medications, and drug shortages are incentives for actions, activities, and behaviors that lead to SSFFC medical products. These problems must be addressed from a public health perspective. In this paper, the authors will provide a direct and simple comparison between the five most popular detection techniques used to analyze and characterize various genuine and generic pharmaceutical brands, as an approach to analyzing counterfeit pharmaceutical products, as many genuine and generic products are classified as counterfeit and vice versa. The combination of analytical results provides a comprehensive characterization of counterfeit medical products. This information is essential for patient safety and to assist authorities in their mission to combat counterfeit products. The findings could help police, regulatory, and health bodies reduce the burden of combating counterfeit medicines and the consequences that occur if they are not detected and used.","PeriodicalId":430463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports","volume":"72 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139130421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Vegetables Commonly Consumed in The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): Inadequate Agricultural Practices and Potential Impacts for Public Health 评估刚果民主共和国（DRC）常见蔬菜中的农药残留：不适当的农业做法及其对公众健康的潜在影响

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-31 DOI: 10.47363/jprsr/2023(4)145

J. K. Tuakuila, P. M. Ndelo

{"title":"Assessment of Pesticide Residues in Vegetables Commonly Consumed in The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): Inadequate Agricultural Practices and Potential Impacts for Public Health","authors":"J. K. Tuakuila, P. M. Ndelo","doi":"10.47363/jprsr/2023(4)145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jprsr/2023(4)145","url":null,"abstract":"Pesticides residues in food pose a serious risk to children and adults consuming pesticide-contaminated food. The aim of present study was to assess pesticide residues in vegetables in the Kinshasa and Lubumbashi cities of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). The levels of three pesticide residues were determined by gas chromatography coupled with electron capture detector (ECD) or mass spectrometer-time of flight detector (GC–ECD or GC-MS-TOF) in 96 samples of four vegetables amaranth, spinach, sorrel and sweet potato-leaves purchased from wholesale markets. The Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane with its metabolites (3-DDTs), endosulfan and malathion residues were found in 100% of the vegetable samples from Lubumbashi and in 62.5% to 87.5% of all vegetable samples from Kinshasa. Risks were mainly associated with the residues of DDTs pesticides in vegetables. The HQ and HI estimations revealed a serious potential risk to consumers, children particularly. Due to multiple pesticide residues exceeding the MRLs for single residue levels, the consumers are exposed to pesticides, heavily in Lubumbashi. Due to increasing trend in pesticide use, continuous monitoring of pesticide residues in vegetables and other food is recommended in order to develop the base line data on which pesticide regulations could be enhanced in DRC.","PeriodicalId":430463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports","volume":"12 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139130042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Concept of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics with Special Focus on Herbal-Drug Interaction 药物代谢和药代动力学概念，特别关注草药与药物的相互作用

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.47363/jprsr/2023(4)141

C. Fokunang, G. Mbong

{"title":"Concept of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics with Special Focus on Herbal-Drug Interaction","authors":"C. Fokunang, G. Mbong","doi":"10.47363/jprsr/2023(4)141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jprsr/2023(4)141","url":null,"abstract":"The study of how xenobiotics undergo the process of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) is conceptualized as pharmacokinetics. An understanding therefore of the PK properties is crucial and plays an important contribution in the drug discovery and development of new chemical entities. Drug metabolism is linked to the metabolic breakdown of drugs (xenobiotic metabolism) by enzyme or living organisms. The pathway involved in this process can lead to the bio-transformations that occurs in most living organisms. The drug metabolic action facilitates the detoxification process except in special circumstances where the metabolites (break down products) can lead to toxic effects. Under such circumstances the study of drug metabolism is termed as pharmacokinetics, which constitutes an important discipline as a branch of pharmacology. Herbal natural products have been used to prevent and treat diseases worldwide since the creation of mankind. However, the efficacy, safety and quality of herbal bioactive metabolites depends on the multiple components absorbed in the body and their pharmacokinetics. This review attempts to give an insight into the concept of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics with special consideration on PK drug-herbal interactions, mechanisms, metabolizing enzymes involved and transporters implicated in the determination of the PK of xenobiotics.","PeriodicalId":430463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139306564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Due to Covid Pandemic 新冠疫情导致的新出现的强迫症

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.47363/jprsr/2022(4)133

Vaishali Saini

{"title":"Emerging Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Due to Covid Pandemic","authors":"Vaishali Saini","doi":"10.47363/jprsr/2022(4)133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jprsr/2022(4)133","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mental disorders have been emerged as a major threat to human health. Covid pandemic causes fear globally and due to covid lockdown the people find themselves isolated in their homes due to which chances of developing psychological disorder have been increased in significant figures. Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental state in which the patient originates compulsion of repetition of tasks due to uncontrolled thoughts and fears. In this study, we have tried evaluate the chances to develop OCD among the Indian population due to various factors associated with covid. Method: A set of questions are formatted to form a questionnaire. The questions related to impact of pre and post covid breakdown on the mental health of people and evaluated the frequency of developing OCD among population. The survey was conducting using digital online platform of “Google form” and “Google docs”. Total 134 subject population was taken for the survey. Result: After evaluating responses, it was found that 43.2 c /o people still hesitate touching goods after lockdown while the frequency is 78.6c /o during lockdown, 18.2c /o people felt depression during lockdown and 0.8c /o people use hand sanitizer in more than 50 times a day frequency. 19.7c /o people lost their loved ones due to covid pandemic, 40c /o pharmacists lost their job due to covid. 78c /o people still prefer social distancing while in a public meeting with new people. Other frequencies in table 1 and 2 also supported that the chances of developing mental disorders such as OCD. Conclusion: Form the distribution analysis it was found that covid crises play a major role in developing various psychological disorders among population across worldwide. Due to lockdown imposed on the population globally the people feared more about covid pandemic and developed more precautions nature and behavior. Therefore, after descriptive analysis of the data collected in survey which is presented in table 1 and 2 it can be concluded that there is an increase chances of developing OCD and other mental disorder due to covid pandemic.","PeriodicalId":430463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122713046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beta-Endorphins in Autoimmune Diseases 自身免疫性疾病中的内啡肽

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.47363/jprsr/2022(3)131

Shrihari Tg

引用次数: 0

Pathophysiology of Different Types of Cardiovasular Diseases Diseases of the Heart 不同类型心血管疾病的病理生理学

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.47363/jprsr/2022(3)127

Pallavi Nityananda

引用次数: 0

Diagnosis Thyroid Tumors by using Touch Cytology 触摸细胞学诊断甲状腺肿瘤

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.47363/jprsr/2022(3)130

Suzan Seno, Adnan Almarrawi

{"title":"Diagnosis Thyroid Tumors by using Touch Cytology","authors":"Suzan Seno, Adnan Almarrawi","doi":"10.47363/jprsr/2022(3)130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jprsr/2022(3)130","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to assess the role of imprint cytology in the diagnosis of Thyroid nodules and compare it with paraffin Section in the diagnosis of thyroid lesions. It included 40 patients who visited Private Hospitals in Aleppo during the period from April to December 2021. The results indicated that there were 19 patients with thyroid cancer, representing 47.5%, of whom 14 were diagnosed with Papillary Carcinoma, with a percentage of 35%, and 5 cases with Follicular Carcinoma, with a percentage of 12.5%, while the remaining cases included 21 patients with Benign Adenomas at a rate of 52.5%, including 11 cases of Hashimoto’s disease at a rate of 27.5%, and 10 cases of Benign Follicular Tumors at a rate of 25%. These results were compared with Paraffin Sections and reached sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in diagnosis for this technology, 94.73%, 95.23%, and 95%, respectively, and the positive predictive value was 94.73%, while the negative predictive value was 95.23%. The results also indicated that this technology is fast in determining the Histologic Grading of Tumor Differentiation, but it does not determine the Histological Type. It also indicated that there was a significant association between gender and the incidence of thyroid tumors, while no significant statistical evidence was observed between age and the possibility of thyroid cancers.","PeriodicalId":430463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127264466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical Pharmacology of Ampicillin 氨苄西林的临床药理学

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.47363/jprsr/2022(3)129

Gudisa Bereda

引用次数: 0

Differences between Chemical Elements of Thyroid Benign Nodules and Those of Thyroid Tissue adjacent to Nodules investigated using Neutron Activation Analysis 应用中子活化分析探讨甲状腺良性结节与结节邻近组织化学元素的差异

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.47363/jprsr/2022(3)125

V. Zaichick

引用次数: 0

Recurrence of Acute Migraine Following Ubrogepant and Diclofenac Buffered Solution Combination Therapy-An Observational Study 舒张剂与双氯芬酸缓冲液联合治疗急性偏头痛复发的观察性研究

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.47363/jprsr/2022(3)124

J. A. Charles